Portal about sewerage and drainpipes / Water supply / Types of tropical palms. Types and names of indoor palm trees, care rules

Types of tropical palms. Types and names of indoor palm trees, care rules

11.10.2023

Palm family

The homeland of most palm trees is tropical and subtropical countries. Over 20 species are cultivated on the Black Sea coast of the Caucasus, the southern coast of Crimea, Eastern Transcaucasia, and Central Asia. Palm trees are ornamental leaf plants of unsurpassed beauty. Particularly impressive are large specimens used to create winter gardens and green corners indoors.

Based on the shape of the leaves, three main types of palms are distinguished: reed-like (Chamedorea erupts, Chrysalidocarpus yellowish, etc.), pinnate (coconut, Howea, Neantha, etc.) and fan-shaped (Washingtonia, Chamerops, Livistona, etc.). Palm trees vary greatly in the size and shape of their leaves, but they have one thing in common: the only growing point for all palms is at the top of the stem, and if you cut it off, the plant will die. Each type of palm tree has its own characteristics, but there are general recommendations for caring for palm trees in an office environment.

Plant selection. It is better to purchase young specimens, with beautiful leaves without spots or damage and well-developed roots (to see them, the plant is carefully knocked out of the pot). Healthy roots are white and densely entwine the earthen ball. The period of adaptation of palm trees to indoor conditions lasts about six months, so it is best to purchase them in the spring, at the beginning of growth, then they will survive the winter more successfully.

Lighting. Many amateur gardeners mistakenly believe that palm trees can only grow well on the south side. Palm trees are light-loving plants, but many indoor palm trees need soft shading, and species such as Howea and Livistona do not tolerate direct sunlight. Even the most sun-loving palm trees (canary date, palmate date) are best placed at some distance from a sunny southern window, since directly near the window, with frequent spraying and washing, burns from direct sunlight can form on the leaves. Palm trees are among the few plants that can grow in the back of the room (if it is not on the north side). In summer, the pot with the palm tree is turned towards the sun so that the “arrow” of the new leaf is directed into the room - then the palm tree grows spreadingly.

Watering. First of all, good drainage is necessary - palm trees do not tolerate stagnation of water at the roots. In winter, you need to ensure that the soil is slightly moist; in spring and summer, watering should be more abundant.

Most palm trees have periods of dormancy and growth throughout the year, and their moisture needs vary depending on this. During the dormant period (winter months), the intensity of sunlight decreases significantly, the air temperature may be slightly lower, and the plant requires significantly less water. In summer, palm trees are sprayed and watered daily, leaving water on the trays, which evaporates and humidifies the air. In winter, watering is reduced and the water is drained from the pan.

Transfer. Palm trees are the “long-livers” among indoor crops. It is better to replant in the spring (March-May), when growth begins. Its necessity is usually indicated by the condition of the root system. If the earthen ball is completely entwined with roots and they come out through the bottom hole, then it is necessary to place the plants in a larger container. As a rule, young specimens (up to 5 years old) are replanted after 1-2 years, and adults after 4-5 years - they do not like to be disturbed often. You can periodically carefully refresh the top layer of soil without disturbing the roots. You cannot replant a plant if it has just been watered or if the earthen ball is completely dry - the earth should be slightly damp.

Fertilizers. Apply from mid-March to October, not forgetting to take into account the volume of the soil mixture. For good palm growth, the soil must be regularly fertilized, preferably organic. In summer, fertilizer is applied every 10-14 days. Heat-loving palm trees are fertilized even in winter, but this is done no more than once a month.

Features of care. Palm leaves should be washed with water as often as possible (not to be confused with spraying), regardless of the time of year and the schedule for general cleaning of the premises. During washing, the soil surface is covered with thick plastic film. Frequent washing of leaves is the key to not only cleanliness and beauty, but also the best prevention against pest attacks and drying out the tips of the leaves. Water, spray and wash palm trees only with warm water (about +30 °C).

Remember: palm trees do not like drafts.

Possible problems

Palm trees are favorite targets for many indoor plant pests. We will not touch on those usual control measures that are recommended in reference books (treatment with pesticides, infusions of herbs and citrus peels, etc.). Let's talk about shampoo and washing powder. For preventative purposes, it is necessary to periodically wash the leaves with highly diluted shampoo. But when the main area of the leaf blades is heavily damaged by spider mites or scale insects, then you can replace the shampoo with washing powder. Dissolve any washing powder in water and apply the soap solution to the leaves, not forgetting to cover the surface of the earth. When the solution dries, a thin film forms on the leaves. After 6-8 hours, the plant should be washed thoroughly.

Palm trees get sick most often due to improper agricultural practices. So, dried ends of leaves indicate excessive dryness of the air in the room. They are cut almost down to living tissue, leaving only a small edge of dead cells. It is necessary to increase the air humidity in the room.

Brown-green leaf color and curling they indicate poor condition of the root system. There may be several reasons: excessive or insufficient watering, too low a temperature, excessive fertilizing. It is extremely difficult to save such a palm tree, and almost impossible at home.

Sometimes palm leaves become light green and subsequently turn yellow.Usually the reason for this is difficult air access to the roots. In this case, first of all, check whether the drainage hole is clogged with anything. The plants are replanted, and the soil that has turned sour due to stagnation of water is removed. Roots that are brown or covered with brown spots are cut off. The cut areas are sprinkled with charcoal. Since the earthen ball is significantly reduced, the plant is transplanted into a smaller container. The earth mixture is made lighter (sand mixed with charcoal is added), the drainage layer is increased. Water only with warm water, very carefully, not allowing the soil to dry out. It is necessary to keep such a plant in a warm place and do not apply any fertilizers during the year.

Premature development of young leaves when it turns out to be sessile, it indicates damage to the roots, excessive watering, and in combination with the pale color of the leaves - a lack of iron and magnesium salts. If the roots are damaged, the plant cannot be fed for a long time, and watering is reduced. If the cause of the difficulties is excessive watering, you should change its mode, allowing the top layer of soil to dry well. If there is a lack of salts, the plant needs selective feeding.

Washingtonia filamentosa

Fan palm, widespread in greenhouse culture. Homeland - Southwestern North America. There, flour is made from the seeds of this palm tree, the young petioles are eaten raw or boiled, and the fiber from the leaves is used for weaving baskets. Washingtonia filamentous is recommended for landscaping large premises, winter gardens, foyers and shop windows.

Liviston

This genus of palm trees received its name in honor of the botanist P. Murray, who lived in Livingston (Liviston) in Scotland. There are about 30 species, distributed in the tropics and subtropics of South and Southeast Asia, on the islands of the Malay Archipelago, New Guinea, Polynesia and Eastern Australia.

Trachycarpus fortunea

The name of the genus comes from the Greek words trachys - rough, hard, rough and karpos - fruit and is associated with the property of the fruit. There are 6 known species, common in the Himalayas, China, and Japan. Grows in humid subtropical forests. Cultivated since the end of the 19th century.

Hamedorea

The name of the genus comes from the Greek words chamai - dwarf and dorea - gift, gift and is associated with the easy availability of the fruits of this plant, which hang low above the ground. The genus includes about 100 species of tree and shrub palms, common in mountainous areas. Mexico. Hamedorea graceful is the most suitable palm tree for indoor palm culture.

Howea Forster

Howea Forstera is a widespread palm tree in indoor culture. Originally from Australia. It grows on rocks at an altitude of up to 300 m above sea level. In culture it tolerates dry air well. In a greenhouse it blooms and bears fruit.

Palm trees for a warm room

The temperature should not fall below 18-20 °C. A suitable place can be found in warm rooms or in the winter garden. The ideal place is, of course, a greenhouse, since, among other things, it can maintain high air humidity.

Kariota is tender and burning

Hamedorea gracilis

Chrysalidocarpus yellowish

Howea Forster and Belmore

Livistona roundifolia

dwarf date palm

Palm trees for a cool room

In winter, a temperature of 5 to 12 °C is sufficient. These palm trees are good for landscaping hallways and staircases, since there is enough light there. A winter garden or an unheated room may also be a suitable location. In summer, these palm trees need to be exposed to fresh air.

Brahea (different types)

Chamerops low

Livistona southern and Chinese

Date Canarian and real

Trachycarpus fortunea

The benefits of palm trees and their products

The benefits brought by palm trees to the natives of equatorial countries are extremely great and varied. Many palm fruits, especially the coconut of the East and the peach nut (Guilelma speciosa) of America, provide abundant and nutritious food to man. The entire trunk of the sago palm produces an edible, starchy product - our sago. The fruits of other palm trees produce a juicy mass, although in too small a quantity to serve directly as food, but if ground and mixed in sufficient proportion with water, it produces an extremely pleasant and nutritious drink. Of these drinks, the “assai” of the Amazon River is especially famous, prepared from the fruits of the palm tree Euterpe oleracea and consumed as a refreshing, nutritious, somewhat stimulating drink, replacing our coffee or chocolate in a tropical country. And other palm trees bear similar fruits, of which very many, not consumed by humans, are greedily eaten by various animals, so that, generally speaking, the amount of nutritional material brought by the palm family is much greater than is commonly thought.

The juice flowing from the cut stalks of many palm trees, slightly fermented, turns into palm wine, or “toddy,” a very pleasant drink; if you mix it with bitter herbs and roots that delay fermentation, you get a good substitute for beer. If you boil this liquid and let it evaporate, you get a lot of good sugar. Arenga saccharifera, or the sugar palm of the Malay countries, is ahead of all in this respect. One single tree of this palm yields several quarts of sap daily for many weeks, and where there is a lot of it, this juice serves as the most common drink and favorite delicacy of the natives. The Dutch chemist De Vry, who studied this matter in Java, became convinced that the culture of this palm, used instead of sugar cane, would bring great benefits. According to his research, the same amount of good sugar can be obtained from the sugar palm as from cane, but with much less labor and money, since its crop does not require either fertilizer or cultivation, and the soil would not be depleted far from it. as quickly as is the case with sugarcane cultivation. The reason for this is that with cane, the entire harvest is completely taken away from the soil, because its crushed stems are used as combustible material; In this way, the soil is deprived of many salts and, in general, mineral nutrients that are part of both stems and leaves. Their loss must ultimately be replenished with fertilizer, and this adds a very significant overhead to the costs of planting, weeding and other work. On the contrary, the sugar palm uses only its sap; the leaves fall off, rot, and thus return to the soil everything taken from it. And since the water and sugar of which the sap is composed are obtained chiefly from the carbonic acid and water vapor of the atmosphere, there can be no depletion of the soil, and the plantation of sugar palms can be used indefinitely in the same place. Another, also very important advantage of the sugar palm is that it grows on poor rocky soil, on steep slopes and cliffs, in places where, generally speaking, proper cultivation would be impossible; therefore, vast expanses of fertile land could be used for other purposes. In addition, the work required to care for such palm plantations is very simple and requires little time. All these advantages taken together may lead to the fact that in the future all the sugar for world trade will be supplied by almost completely barren soil, and it is very desirable that experiments of this kind should be carried out as soon as possible in one of our tropical colonies, especially that one Indian palm, Phoenix silvestris, which also produces a large amount of sugar, can be tried in its homeland.

Other foodstuffs supplied by palm trees include coconut and baccab oil, salt extracted from the fruit of the South American palm Leopoldinia major, and the young shoots or "palm cabbage" of many species of palms, a very good nutritious dish; therefore, we can say that palm trees provide bread, butter, sugar, salt, fruits and vegetables to humans. In addition, some species, especially the famous oil palm of West Africa, yield oil for various other purposes, and wax is extracted from the leaves of some South American palms. The resin, known in the trade as "dragon's blood," is extracted from one rattan palm, betel nuts, which are so readily chewed by the Malays as a mild stimulant and are to them what opium is to the Chinese, tobacco to us, and to the South Americans. - Coca leaves are nothing more than the fruits of the areca palm. Palm leaves are indispensable for covering roofs; where there are many of them, the roofs are covered exclusively with them; leaf petioles, often 15-20 feet long, go to rafters or, fastened with staples, to doors, bolts, partitions, and walls of entire houses. They are surprisingly light and strong and consist of a strong core and hard bark. By splitting and fastening them together, it is possible to make various boxes, boxes, baskets, etc., which, being covered with leaves of one species of pandanus, are convenient, durable and elegant. Ropes and ropes are woven from the fibers bordering the leaves of sugar and other palm trees; thin laces of excellent quality, suitable even for bow strings, fishing lines and for weaving hammocks, are made from the young leaves of some American species.

Coconut palm – Cocos nucifera

The fibrous leaf sheaths of the coconut palm are so strong and fabric-like that they find a wide variety of uses: they are used to make sieves, various wrappers and very good hats. The large, woody, bracted vaginal leaves (spathae) of larger palms are used as natural baskets, cradles, even as kitchen utensils in which you can safely boil water. Palm trunks make good fence posts, and split trunks make excellent floorboards. Some palms are used for making bows, others for blowguns; Needles and fishhooks are made from small palm thorns, and arrows are made from larger ones. If we wanted to describe the uses of palm trees and their products in different countries of the world, we would have to write a whole book. But, I think, even on the basis of the above, one can form a fairly complete idea of what an outstanding role fell to the lot of this noble family, whether palms are considered only as details of the luxurious vegetation of the tropics or in their relation to morals, customs, lifestyle and well-being natives.

From the book Extended Phenotype [Long-range influence of a gene] author Dawkins Clinton Richard

Chapter 11. Genetic evolution of the products of animal behavior What exactly do we mean by the phenotypic effect of a gene? A superficial knowledge of molecular biology can offer us this answer: each gene encodes the synthesis of one polypeptide chain, and in the simplest sense

From the book The First Settlers of Sushi author Akimushkin Igor Ivanovich

From the book The Newest Book of Facts. Volume 1 [Astronomy and astrophysics. Geography and other earth sciences. Biology and Medicine] author

From the book Homeopathic treatment of cats and dogs by Hamilton Don

From the book Pharmaceutical and Food Mafia by Brouwer Louis

From the book Biology [Complete reference book for preparing for the Unified State Exam] author Lerner Georgy Isaakovich

Part three Vaccination - benefit or harm?

From the book Tropical Nature author Wallace Alfred Russell

Deterioration of public health due to food contamination due to criminal activities of the agro-industrial complex What should be the mission of medicine? Should it consist only of advising your patients how to

From the book The Newest Book of Facts. Volume 1. Astronomy and astrophysics. Geography and other earth sciences. Biology and medicine author Kondrashov Anatoly Pavlovich

In the interests of profit: abandoning the production of natural products and replacing them with dangerous substances A drug produced by Hoffman-La Roche, widely used in the fight against malaria called Lariam, has fallen on hard times. However, Swiss health authorities have

From the book Animal World. Volume 5 [Insect Tales] author Akimushkin Igor Ivanovich

From the author's book

The benefits of tropical forest trees The natives of tropical countries have been able to select from a large number of tree species many trees suitable for various kinds of crafts. The wood of some species is light and soft and is used for building ships or for cutting rough

From the author's book

What is the main benefit of bees? The main contribution of bees to providing people with food is not the honey they produce. Despite the indisputability of its benefits and healing properties, the activity of bees in pollinating plants is much more significant. Without the help of these

From the author's book

What are the benefits of spices? At the end of the 20th century, biologists from Cornell University (USA) analyzed the use of spices in 4,164 recipes for traditional meat dishes from 31 countries. The most common were onions, black, white and red peppers, garlic, lemon juice and

From the author's book

What are the benefits of quitting smoking? According to American doctors, the benefits of quitting smoking are as follows: – after 20 minutes: blood pressure drops to the level that occurred before lighting the last cigarette; the temperature of the hands and feet rises to

From the author's book

Little harm, great benefit. Spiders cause little harm to man, but great benefit. Few spiders are poisonous; These, of course, are dangerous to people who live where there are many poisonous spiders. Spiders that have settled in houses litter the walls of our homes with cobwebs. There is no other harm. But there is benefit

Many people want to create a tropical garden or have a palm tree in their home. To grow palm tree at home, you need to create native tropical conditions and be patient. The majestic tree grows for several decades.

The variety of species, sizes and varieties makes it difficult to choose what kind of home palm we want to get. Many grow quite quickly, grow to gigantic sizes and do not feel comfortable in a small apartment. Our article will help you understand the variety and choose the right plant for home use.

Home palm: description

The palm tree is so named because of the bizarre shape of its leaves, which resemble a human palm. Not all species have this leaf shape, but we learned about this a little later.

Main characteristics of palm trees:

Today, several thousand species of palm trees are known. There are far fewer domestic representatives.
Home palm is an unpretentious plant, which grows slowly in indoor conditions. The homeland of the palm tree is the tropics and subtropics.
The palm tree creates its beauty and spectacular appearance with the help of its leaves. They form a ball or circle of thin long leaves, some species have wide leaves. The plant does not tolerate the removal of green foliage. You shouldn't do this for no apparent reason.
Home palm growing in large pots. As they grow, they increase the earthen spaces for development and growth. In a few years or even decades, a real tree will appear in the house. Under the foliage you can create a tropical clearing for relaxation.
The palm tree has a thick trunk and large spreading leaves at the top. The trunk is formed as the plant grows and the stems die. At home, palm trees do not bear fruit. Due to aridity and cool temperatures, fruits do not form on the domestic palm tree.

Many people confuse domestic palms with false representatives. False palms grow from woody leaves.

False palms include:

dracaena;
yucca;
pandanus;
Cordilina.

Dracaena

Pandanus

Cordilina

They resemble dwarf palms, which rarely grow more than 1 m.

Another plant looks like a home palm - white-veined spurge. Outwardly, it resembles a bizarre small palm tree: wide green leaves with a red border grow on the upper part of the stem. In fact, it is a succulent and has nothing to do with the palm tree.

Real palm trees form home flower beds. Some species have many leaf stems with a large fan. Such home flowers in the form of palm trees are popular among lovers of tropical plants. To prevent the branches from falling apart, they are tied, forming a “bouquet”.

Varieties of domestic palm

All palms are divided into 2 large groups: fan and pinnate. They are distinguished by leaf shape.

Fan palms:

coconut:
banana:
date.

Typical representatives of the cirrus palm are Chamerops or Trachycaprus. Some palms are short in stature, like the pineapple palm, and with fancy flowers, like the caryota palm. What domestic palm trees have in common is their unpretentiousness to growing conditions and soil composition.

Below is a catalog of decorative indoor palm trees with photographs and descriptions.

Date

This is one of the most common types of domestic palms:

Belongs to the pinnate species: a thick trunk and a fan of leaves at the top.
As the leaves grow, they die and the plant grows in height.
The family includes more than 20 species.
The homeland of the date is Africa, known since the times of Mesopotamia.

More often, lovers of exotic plants grow from seeds. But unfortunately, after a few years they regret their action: it grows very quickly and rests on the ceiling of the apartment. It is impossible to force a palm tree to bear fruit from a seed. It bears fruit after many years in nature and maintaining the required temperature. They do not require special care: moderate watering and constant temperature, they are afraid of drafts and cold windows in winter.

Date palm

Hovea

The origin of the species is the Pacific Islands. Grows up to 2 meters at home. Belongs to the feathery species. The trunk is formed at a fairly “mature” age. The leaves grow straight from the roots, forming a giant cap. It is unpretentious and undemanding in care, tolerates lack of light and aridity. Prefers window sills, balconies and other bright and warm places.

Hovea

Liviston

Refers to the fan form. On the stem, thin leaves form a circle with a cut to the middle. Domestic species grow up to 1.5 m. Their homeland is southern Asia, Australia and the islands. She loves a lot of light and constant temperatures. Reducing the temperature to +10℃ can kill the plant. Propagated by seeds that form on the lower part of the leaf. Likes constant watering: every day or every other day.

Liviston

Umbrella palm

Or Likuala. It also appeared in home greenhouses from the tropics. Spectacular leaves of huge sizes look like a corrugated fan, the trunk is thin and low. Grows no more than 2 m. Demanding on moisture. Due to excessive watering, the roots may rot, which does not bother the houseplant at all. You can get rid of this by pouring alcohol.

Umbrella palm

Hamedorea (Neanta)

It is called the bamboo palm from the tropical forests of Yucatan and Mexico. The feathery leaves are elongated. The trunk is low, formed from dead stems. At home, it grows up to 1.2 m in a few years. It requires light, but does not like direct sunlight. The optimal temperature is more than +18℃. It also requires a lot of watering without stagnation of water and drying out of the soil.

Hamedorea

cat palm

Or cyperus grows only in Egypt. It was from this that the legendary papyrus was made. It produces thin, dark green stems straight from the ground. The leaves form umbrellas in several layers. Domestic cats love the palm tree, which is probably why it was given such a name. Like many members of the palm family, it requires light and humidity. It is important to maintain tropical temperatures.

cat palm

Dracaena

Refers to false palms that appeared at home from the tropics. There are several hundred species. There are thin leaves on the upper part of the trunk. Some species have a red border on the foliage. It grows unpretentiously. Tolerates drought, does not like direct sunlight and drafts.

"Palm" Dracaena

Rapis

The tropical plant is classified as a fan species. Wide, fan-shaped leaves with many slits grow from a low trunk. At home, low rapis is common, which grows up to 1.5 m.

Great attention must be paid to watering: it does not tolerate waterlogging or drying out of the soil. Prefers high temperatures from +20℃. In summer, during dry times, take a shower with cool water.

Rapis

Cycas or sago palm

The plant's homeland is considered to be India and the islands of Polynesia. The short plant has a “pot-bellied” trunk, from which stems grow in several groups. It grows very slowly. Under ideal conditions, it adds only 3 cm per year. The foliage remains practically unchanged and has a dark green color.

Belongs to the feathery varieties. Care requires direct sunlight for several hours, moderate watering and average temperatures. If the conditions are not met, it falls into stagnation and does not grow.

Tsikas

Areca

The palm tree is native to China and India. Of the few species, only a few are grown at home. There is no trunk. The stems are semicircular in shape, collected in bunches with wide leaves. Areca is difficult to grow.

A young plant up to 6 years of age does not survive sunburn or low temperature and eventually dies. Requires light from all sides and moderate watering. Optimum temperature +35℃. Can grow up to 12 m in an apartment.

Areca

Yucca

Refers to false palms, native to the arid regions of Central America. A low shrub with a thick trunk with tough foliage at the top. The foliage is pointed in shape with stiff hairs along the edges, the leaf length reaches half a meter.

Under good conditions, it will bloom: on a high stick, a stem with many white flowers in shape grows from the center. When caring, it requires moderate watering: it dies in waterlogged soil and cold air. Tolerates aridity. Requires sunny color and air temperature from +20℃.

"Palm" Yucca

Kariota

The variety is better known as fishtail. It got its name due to its unusual foliage, reminiscent of a fish tail. Indoor species grow small in size. Homeland - tropical forests of Asia, the Pacific Islands and Australia.

Karyote has no trunk; stems with fancy leaves grow from the ground. Requires air humidity as in the tropics. Resistant to moderate watering and average air temperatures.

Kariota

Livistona Chinese

The species grows naturally on the Pacific Islands and eastern Australia. The indoor plant does not have a trunk. It grows quickly due to fan leaves with many cuts. Grows in the shade, at low temperatures of +16-18℃. But it does not tolerate dryness and prefers frequent spraying.

Livistona Chinese

Chrysalidocarpus

Homeland: Madagascar and the islands of Oceania. At home it grows several meters. Tall, feathery leaves grow on thin trunks; it is impossible to force a palm tree to bloom in an apartment. Tolerates low temperatures in apartments, moderate watering. Does not like drafts and sudden drops in temperature.

Chrysalidocarpus

Pandanus

Or the screw palm appeared in apartments from East Asia and Madagascar. Thick feathery leaves form a trunk. As they die, the plant trunk becomes woody. The leaves of an adult plant have prickly thorns at the ends, which can be dangerous for children and animals.

In an adult plant, roots appear throughout the trunk, forming bizarre shapes. It grows quickly and reaches several meters. Requires a lot of space and height. Undemanding in care.

"Palm" Pandanus

Nolina

Or Bokarneya grows in the southern latitudes of North America. It is popularly called the bottle palm for its bizarre trunk shape: at the base it has the shape of a ball, and the trunk resembles a bottle. At the top of the trunk there are narrow feathery leaves. Sometimes confused with dracaena.

Requires full watering and no drafts. Undemanding to lighting, but the foliage will be thicker and brighter in a sunny place.

Nolina

Brighamy

Or the Hawaiian palm tree came to our apartments from the Hawaiian Islands. At home it grows up to 1 m. The amazing shape of the plant attracts attention: on the top of the thick fleshy trunk grow wide leaves with a waxy coating, reminiscent of cabbage.

It blooms with amazing flowers of a simple shape of light yellow color. They grow in the same way as leaves - from the top of the trunk, creating an exotic bouquet. The trunk stores a large amount of moisture, so it tolerates drought. Prefers high temperatures and absence of drafts.

Brighamy

Washingtonia

It grows naturally in the subtropical deserts of the southern North American continent. The variety prefers cool temperatures and bright light. Grows up to 20 m even at home. Fan-like hard leaves grow on a thick trunk.

The lower leaves die off, forming a scaly trunk. On an adult plant, flower stalks with 3 m stems appear. After flowering, small black berries are formed.

Washingtonia

Madagascar palm

Or Pachypodium lamera. This amazing plant resembles both a palm tree and a cactus up to 1.5 m high at home. The trunk is covered with needles and resembles a cactus. Long narrow leaves are located at the top of the trunk. In winter it sheds its leaves.

It grows in Madagascar and is poisonous. Requires a lot of light and heat: in summer up to +30℃, in winter at least +15℃. Does not tolerate changing places or even turning the pot. May shed leaves.

Madagascar palm

Trachycarpus

The variety was found in the Himalayas, China and Japan. It grows slowly and tolerates freezing temperatures. Refers to fan types. It grows as the lower leaves die. At the top there are large fan-shaped leaves with many cuts, the leaves are hard.

You cannot cut off the bottom leaves - this is how the palm tree takes all the useful substances, and when the leaf is completely dry, it can be removed. Undemanding in care: tolerates shade, frost, drought.

Trachycarpus

Karludovika palmata

False palm. Thick palm-like leaves grow on a fleshy stem. Requires diffused light, moderate watering and no drafts. The homeland of the bush is Panama. It is also called the Panama palm.

Karlyudovka

Cryosophila spanisha

Not the most common type of palm tree at home. The homeland of growth is the tropics of Central America. A graceful, single-trunked plant with curved, feathery, fan-shaped leaves. Undemanding to light and watering. Does not tolerate excess salt in soil and water. Resistant to pests.

How to grow more crops?

Any gardener and summer resident is pleased to receive a large harvest with large fruits. Unfortunately, it is not always possible to obtain the desired result.

Plants often lack nutrition and useful minerals

It has the following properties:

Allows increase productivity by 50% in just a few weeks of use.
You can get a good one harvest even on low-fertility soils and in unfavorable climatic conditions
Absolutely safe

Necessary conditions for domestic palm trees

Each type of palm tree requires certain conditions: some need a lot of light, others cannot live without daily watering. However, there are general rules. With proper care and attention, the tropical beauty will grow for decades.

The average lifespan of palm trees at home is 15 years.

Let's consider the features of keeping ornamental palm trees.

Priming

Lighting

Palm trees are preferred diffused light. The sun's rays will damage the plant and leave burns, which will cause the plant to die.

Place the pot with the home palm tree in direct sunlight for several hours, after peak hours of solar activity. Some species prefer partial shade. In extreme cases, artificial lighting is used.

Temperature

The tropical plant prefers warm air temperatures from +16℃ in winter to +30℃ in summer.

Some species require cool wintering. When observing the temperature regime, do not forget about drafts. Plants cannot tolerate them.

It is also necessary to monitor the soil temperature: if the roots become too cold, the plant will die. Therefore, you should not place pots with indoor palm trees on the windowsill or cold floor. For many species, the temperature is detrimental - +10℃.

Air humidity

For many species, indoor humidity is important:

Palm trees are undemanding to care. Fulfilling the necessary conditions for the comfortable growth of domestic palm trees will allow you to admire the beauty for many years.

General rules of care

Let's look at the question of how to care for domestic palm trees.

Transfer

How to replant domestic palm trees:

Reproduction

Most varieties are propagated only by seeds. For this you need fresh seeds. After 3-4 years, the seed germinates poorly and takes a long time.
Before sowing, soak the seeds in water for several days., changing the water daily.
Plant in light soil with plenty of sand. When several leaves appear on the palm tree, transplant it into a permanent pot with a diameter of no more than 9 cm.
It is better not to use tall pots. TO The root system is greatly elongated.
Some species reproduce vegetatively. To do this, separate the branch and sprinkle it with earth.
You can transplant the plant when replanting.“Tear up” the root system carefully and only after the new plant has its own roots.

Top dressing

Domestic palm trees do not require frequent feeding. Due to excess fertilizer, the plant will die.

The plant is fed rarely and only in spring and summer. If you replant the plant every year, then feed it only in the second half of the year. During this period, fertilizers in the soil run out. To feed the palm tree, universal fertilizer or flower fertilizer is suitable.

Trimming

Rules for correct pruning:

Many species do not require pruning. Palm trees at home grow slowly and therefore are pruned only for aesthetic reasons and dried foliage is removed.
There is no need to prune slightly darkened or wilted leaves. until the sheet is completely dry. So, it takes all the nutrients.
The rule that frequent pruning promotes rapid growth does not work with domestic palms. In some cases, on the contrary, it will even destroy the plant.
Pruning to shorten a palm tree is possible already in adulthood. To do this, use clean and sharp tools.

Mealybug
“I am a summer resident with many years of experience, and I started using this fertilizer only last year. I tested it on the most capricious vegetable in my garden - tomatoes. The bushes grew and bloomed together, they yielded more than usual. And they did not suffer from late blight, this is the main thing.

Fertilizer really gives more intensive growth to garden plants, and they bear fruit much better. Nowadays you can’t grow a normal harvest without fertilizer, and this fertilizing increases the amount of vegetables, so I’m very pleased with the result.”

Problems when growing palm trees at home

In the process of growing palm trees, various difficulties and problems arise. Sometimes the plant does not feel very comfortable. It’s easy to revive a homely beauty if you know what a particular illness means.

Signs	Reasons and what to do?
Leaf tips are dry or brown	Appears when dry. The palm tree does not like dry air or does not receive enough moisture. To do this, increase watering or watering frequency. And also humidify the air by spraying the leaves, you can simply put an open jar of water. This will allow the water to evaporate and provide natural air humidification. Perhaps a palm tree hot from the battery. Move it to the back of the room. Trim off the dried ends without damaging the green parts of the leaf.
Doesn't grow	This happens for various reasons: There is not enough warmth and light. Many species go into torpor at low or very high temperatures and do not grow. Perhaps she is cold. Choose another place where it will be warmer and there will be no drafts.
Turns yellow	Yellow leaves appear when insufficient watering. The palm tree may need more water if you water it frequently. Yellow leaves also appear when insufficient air humidity. Spray frequently: several times a week. Afterwards, reduce the amount to 1-2 times a week. Also provide open containers with water.
Withers	Palm withers after transplantation, expressing dissatisfaction with the change of place. Either you don’t like the soil or the roots were damaged during replanting. If there was no transplant, then probably the roots are rotting. Examine the root system, remove damaged parts. Change the soil and reduce the amount of watering.
Leaves are drying	This happens for burns, especially for young plants. Create a shadow or cover from direct rays with a light cloth or paper.
Rust colored stains	Appear when the soil is waterlogged or water stagnates inside the pot: The pot should have drainage and several holes to allow excess water to drain out of the container. Be sure to remove water from the saucer when watering. If the soil is not slightly dry, postpone watering until the next day. Rusty spots are also possible when water salinity. For irrigation, use settled water so that chlorine, ammonia evaporate, and salts precipitate.

Conclusion

A domestic palm tree grows for many years in an apartment. By choosing low and slow-growing species, you can admire the tropical beauty in the interior for many years. Many types of domestic palm trees are low maintenance.

Frequent watering and enough light will allow her to feel comfortable in indoor conditions. The absence of drafts and optimal temperature will have a beneficial effect on the appearance of the plant. ( 1 ratings, average: 4,00 out of 5)

How nice it is to find yourself surrounded by your own evergreen tropical plants in the cold winter season. And in the summer, when it’s hot, enjoy relaxing in the shade of vines and palm trees. Those who want to create their own tropics on the balcony or in the room can pay attention to palm trees suitable for this. Anyone can grow it, but a number of conditions must be met to create the microclimate necessary for normal development.

Home palm tree: creating conditions

From Latin the word “palm” is translated as “palm”. And this is quite justified, since its leaves look like a human brush. There are two varieties of the plant, they are called fan and pinnate. In natural conditions they live there, where it is warm and humid - in the tropics and subtropics. If the climate where you live is similar to your native one or you are able to create the necessary indoor atmosphere, then growing palm trees will not bring much trouble. You should carefully study the growing conditions of these plants in nature, so that later, armed with knowledge, caring for them becomes simple.

The plant propagates by seeds; they can be found in specialized stores. However, to grow an indoor palm tree to an impressive size, you will have to try very hard. A palm tree is a tree, so it will take several decades to reach its maximum growth. But there is a way out to have an adult palm tree in your room; just buy it in a specialized store, where they will provide a wide selection.

In order for a tropical tree to turn into a domestic one and be comfortable, you must follow the rules of care. Indoor palms love spacious rooms and a lot of space; they do not tolerate other plants being located close to them.

Domestic palm trees: varieties

Most often in apartments and houses You can find the following types:

Since the tree naturally grows in the tropics, the most important conditions for the development of the plant are sufficient humidity and proper lighting. Unfortunately, in apartments with central heating, the air, although warm, is often too dry, which leads to the death of the plant.

The main principle of care is frequent spraying, which is no less important than watering. An indoor palm tree will be able to cope with the lack of watering if you forgot to do it, but it definitely will not tolerate dry indoor air. Palm tree in summer spray 2-3 times a week warm water, in winter, with batteries running, every day. It is better to take distilled water for this, since chlorinated water leaves white marks on the leaves. It can be purchased at car dealerships or collected drop by drop from your own air conditioner. Filtered water is also more or less suitable. The leaves are sprayed on both sides.

During the growing season, which lasts from March to October, the palm tree is watered daily. However, this should be done sparingly so that the substrate remains slightly moist at all times. in winter water 2-3 times a week. Water directly from the tap is not used. To water indoor plants, use settled water, which is left in an open container for 1-2 days so that unnecessary minerals precipitate and chlorine evaporates. Water-soluble salts are bad for the soil, leading to stunted palm development and disease.

The palm tree does not tolerate direct rays, needs bright but diffused light. If the plant is on a windowsill, then you need to make sure that direct sunlight does not fall, so you need to shade it. This tropical plant needs warm indoor conditions. Varieties such as Hamerops, Trachycarpus, Brachea, Washingtonia are kept in cooler conditions in winter with a temperature of about 15 degrees. Everyone is afraid of drafts, and the roots should be protected from the cold, so it is better not to place a tub with a plant on a cold windowsill or floor.

Caring for an indoor palm tree involves replanting it. Young trees need to be replanted annually, a mature tree is rarer. The general rule for replanting houseplants is that you should choose a pot that is slightly larger than the previous one. After this procedure, fertilizing is not used for about six months. Mature plants that have not had their soil updated are fertilized once a week from March to September. To do this, according to the instructions on the package, use regular flower fertilizers.

If the care is correct, then you will notice that the palm grows well, it has green huge leaves and a fresh appearance. However, sometimes the plant gets sick. If the tree is not feeling well, characteristic symptoms appear, indicating that something is wrong with the palm tree:

There are many varieties of palm trees, but no matter which one you grow in your tropical garden, remember that they are living beings and are sensitive to how they treat themselves. They also react to the psychological atmosphere in the room. If trees develop in a favorable microclimate, receive a lot of attention and quality care, and are surrounded by a positive emotional environment, they will begin to grow vigorously, creating real home tropics, which will cause everyone to admire their beauty.

Indoor palms

There are about 2,800 species of palm trees around the globe. They differ from most plants in that the leaves grow at the top. However, there are palm trees whose leaves come from the root bud.

Let's take a closer look at all the types with names and photos.

There is the following division of indoor palm trees, based on the characteristics of the leaves and trunk:

Reed. Some, Rapus. Their stems are thin, tall, and reed-like.

Cirrus. Hamedorea eleganta, Forstera and Belmora, date - Roblen and Canary date, . These palms have narrow, arched leaves that can be straight and grow upward. The crowns of this group are both soft and hard.

Fan. Chamerops squat and tall, Washingtonia, Rapis tall, Livistonia chinensis. The crowns of such palm trees are split into many segments extending from the center and look like a round fan; they grow very large, their petioles have thorns.

Indoor and decorative

Palm trees in a room are not only exotic, greetings from the tropical forest, they are an important detail of the interior, often capable of changing it dramatically. However, not all palm trees are suitable for growing indoors.

Here are some particularly interesting varieties.

The most common, there are more than 17 species of such palms, they grow wild in Asia and Africa. And if you plant a seed from an ordinary date, it will sprout. Their germination rate is almost one hundred percent, but they will germinate for about a month. Such a tree will become decorative in five years. It's better to buy Date palmate. This species does not grow in the wild. Indoors it grows up to 6 meters. True, this takes more than one decade.

A very ornamental plant - Robelena date, its fruits are not edible. The palm tree has a crown with leaves gracefully curved downwards and an original, shaggy trunk.

Date Robelena

It is grown indoors, which grows naturally in the forests of India. Its crown is a huge bunch of meter-long leaves at the top of the trunk, covered with a large number of scars arranged in rings.

The bottle-shaped trunk and leaves look original - fans Trachycarpus. It is ideally suited for growing indoors. Trachycarpus flowers and bears fruit. There are two types: Martius and Fortune.

Grows fastest in rooms Kariota. It is noticeably different from other such plants. The fronds resemble a triangle extended upward. Kariota lives only 20 years.

Decorative palm tree with a crown in the form of a bright green huge fan. Caring for it requires certain knowledge.

Washingtonia filamentosa

Hardest to grow indoors . It requires a lot of light and is more suitable for winter gardens. There are mainly two types of coconut grown in the room: nuciferous coconut and Weddel coconut.

Ideal for growing indoors Hamedorea, especially Hamedoreas are graceful, monochromatic, tall and oblong.

Palm trees have been grown indoors for centuries. They are very decorative, but they require special conditions to grow successfully.

An unpretentious, slow-growing bushy plant with soft, dark green leaves. Simply ideal for rooms. Easily tolerates all inconveniences: poor lighting, dry air, drafts.

Another feathery palm with soft leaves - Gouveia, or Kentia, popular plant, very decorative.

– widespread indoor plants, unpretentious and very decorative, grow slowly. The trunk gradually becomes overgrown with brown fibers, the leaves are pinnate with spines.

Hamerops

One of the most capricious - Bhutia. But if you find an approach to it, it will delight you with its surprisingly graceful crown of feathery leaves.

Rare Giophorba. It is small, with fan-shaped foxes and a trunk that resembles a bottle at the bottom.

Sabal- another rarity from the subtropics of America. Low, bluish-green leaves, growing on short petioles.

Betel nut- only passionate lovers of palm trees know about it; it is distinguished by the splendor of its crowns and a beautiful small trunk. In nature, it grows up to 20 meters in height and has two-meter leaves. In indoor conditions it grows for a long time and has a much more modest size.

Betel palm

Not grown indoors

Many remain unknown in indoor floriculture for many reasons. Most often due to its gigantic size or growth characteristics.

Oilseed The palm tree grows in Africa, reaches 30 meters in height, and sheds its leaves every two years.
Serenoa repens grows in the southern United States and on islands in the Caribbean, this palm tree grows very slowly and most often reaches no more than 2-4 meters, its flowers have a fragrant scent.
Carnauba or waxy, grows in South America, has fanned leaves forming a lush ball. Several species are known.
Bismarckia grows in Madagascar, has silver leaves.
or screw palm. The leaves on its trunk are arranged in several rows in the form of a spiral.
- the longest plant in the world, the leaves of which grow from buds on the trunk. Easily clings to trees with the help of thorns at the end of the leaves.

Garden

This concept is very conditional, since almost all palm trees can grow in winter gardens and in open plantings, if the climate is favorable for this. There may be restrictions only because of the size of the tree, the minimum temperature it can tolerate, and the ability to provide good shelter for the winter.

Many scientists are working on developing frost-resistant palm species, because this is a very interesting decorative material for landscape design.

Most often, frost-resistant ones are planted in gardens. Most often this is also, in places with a warm climate, Bismarckia.

Trachycarpus

Not blooming

There are 50 species of non-flowering palms. They are usually spores or vegetative. Almost everything in the rooms does not bloom.

Frost-resistant

There are few palm trees that can withstand frost. These are heat-loving plants by origin. But still there are some.

Let's take a closer look at these varieties with photos and names.

Brachea- one of the favorite gardeners to grow at home. Grows quickly. It has fan-shaped, lush green leaves. It is easy to care for and can withstand temperatures down to -8 degrees.
Trachycarpus- one of the most frost-resistant, can withstand short-term frosts down to -23 degrees and permanent frosts down to -10.
Wshingtonia filamentosa– can grow in cold, unheated rooms and tolerate temperatures dropping to -5-8 degrees.
Sabal– different species tolerate frost from – 10 to – 20 degrees.
Bhutia– withstands cold temperatures down to -12. At a frost of -14, the leaves freeze, but it does not die.

Dwarf sabal

Palm trees came into rooms a long time ago, from the times when they decorated galleries and state rooms of palaces. And now a large well-groomed palm tree is a source of pride for its owner. It radically changes the interior of the room and creates a completely different, somewhat unusual and very cozy space. It is believed that it gives its owner health and longevity.

Something about exotic plants grown at home:

Related materials:

Site Map