Sewerage and drainpipes portal / Perforated trays / Ecosystem or natural community of a meadow: description, plants, animals, role for humans and protection. Common mole: a role in nature and for humans The role of a mole in the meadow community

Ecosystem or natural community of a meadow: description, plants, animals, role for humans and protection. Common mole: a role in nature and for humans The role of a mole in the meadow community

16.11.2020

The lesson of the outside world on the topic "Meadow" (grade 3)

I. Organizational moment.

Hello!

The bell rang for us.
All stood at the desks beautifully,
They greeted politely.
They sat down quietly, backs straight.
I see our class is wherever.
We'll start the lesson, friends.
We will be active, attentive,
And they are very diligent.

Guys, my name is Elena Sergeevna. Today I will give you a lesson about the world around you.

In the lesson, we will continue talking about the nature around us, about the life of plants and animals, about the benefits that they bring to humans, and the need to protect nature and respect it.

Do you guys know what a natural community is?(children's answers) Let's try to find a definition together.

Natural community - a set of plants, animals, microorganisms adapted to the conditions of life in a certain area, mutually influencing each other and the environment.

To find out the topic of our today's lesson. Solve the crossword puzzle.

(Crossword puzzle on the board).

What is the richest and most diverse natural community in Russia?(Forest)

I don't buzz when I'm lying
I don't buzz when I walk.
If I'm spinning in the air
I’ll have enough of it. (Bug)

The science of the relationship of living organisms and their communities with each other and with the environment.(Ecology).

Today we:

Pget to know the natural community of the meadow.

Let us recall our observations in the meadow.

We will find out what plants and animals live there.

Let's compare the natural community of meadows and forests.

Let's determine what value the meadow has for a person.

Guys, do you know how a meadow differs from a forest?( Herbaceous plants grow, there are no trees and shrubs at all, the surface of the earth is quite flat).

Meadow - a natural community dominated by perennial herbaceous grassesin conditions of sufficient or excessive moisture.

II. Learning new material.

The forest does not stretch like a solid wall. The trees seemed to have stopped at the border, beyond which a large open space overgrown with grass began. This meadow is a whole carpet of various colors.What plants grow in meadows?(children's answers)

There are yellow buttercups, white daisies, and blue bells ... What a beautiful bouquet you can make from these flowers. And how many butterflies are there.

Where do you think the meadows are located?(children's answers)

Usually meadows are located along the banks of rivers and lakes. But a villager who needs to feed livestock will not look at such a meadow. The grasses here are of little nutritional value, and sometimes even poisonous, and they will not give good hay. He will search in the river valleys for a meadow with valuable cereal fodder grasses: bluegrass, timothy, foxtail. Such a meadow has an emerald green color, on which clover and mouse peas stand out in spots. All these herbs are excellent food for animals both in summer and winter !.

Two meadows - and such differences! The fact is that in spring, during floods, rivers flood the banks. The soil, along with perennial grasses, is under water. And then, when the water disappears, other nutrients remain in the previously flooded valley, which help the rapid growth of succulent grass. So on the low banks of the rivers, meadows with various grasses are formed - excellent pastures for livestock.

Do you think it is possible to trace the layering among the meadow plants? Why are some plants higher and others lower?( meadow grasses grow in tiers - floors; above all light-loving, below - shade-tolerant.)

Consider the drawing. What is the significance of a meadow for a person? (Pasture, honey, medicinal plants, mushrooms, berries, haymaking, resting place)

Let's take a closer look at some of the plants.

Guess the riddle:

Rye ears in the field

There you will find a flower in the rye.

Though it is not red, but blue

It looks like an asterisk.(Cornflower)

Cornflower meadow - a perennial herb. It has erect, strong, rough to the touch shoots. Leaves are elongated, grayish. Blooms throughout decorating meadows and glades with bright pink, blue and blue spots. Some flowering plants can be found even in autumn, after leaf fall. Cornflowers are good honey plants. Used in folk medicine, has a diuretic, choleretic, anti-inflammatory, analgesic effect.

Riddle:

Hey blue bellth !

With a tongue, but no ringing!(Bell)

Bell - the plant is light-loving, cold-resistant and moisture-loving. Different bells have the same flowers - bell-shaped. Bells are also popularly called bells, bells, bells. Their peculiarity is this - sunny weather: completely open, it started to rain - they closed tightly. More than 150 types of bells are found in nature.

Riddle:

White basketgoldenthe bottom. (Chamomile)

The plant that we call chamomile turns out to be not chamomile, butdaisy , it is included in the Red Book, and chamomile has completely different leaves. It is a perennial plant that blooms in late May - early June and blooms for 40-45 days. Nivyanik prefers well-lit places. The flowers of the plant have no smell. It is the flowers of the poper tree that are used to play “loves, dislikes”. Chamomile wreaths are also made from poplar. This is a purely ornamental plant!

Probably nowhere you can find such a variety of herbs as in a meadow. Among them there are many plants with long, narrow leaves, similar to wheat, rye, and barley.(Working with herbarium specimens, photo).

Among the plants in the meadows, meadow clover and mouse peas are distinguished.

Red clover lives for two years, and if during these two years his seeds never ripen, then in the meadow this plant may not be found anymore.

And herewhite clover - a perennial plant. From year to year it will grow in the same place, even if its seeds do not ripen. White clover tolerates cold and drought better than red, in a word, it is good for everyone, but less red clover. Therefore, less hay is mowed in the meadow where white clover grows. Come in the evening to the meadow where the clover grows, and you will see that the clover leaves have risen up and folded. This is how the clover leaves are saved from the night cold.

Mouse peas is a plant very similar to peas. Only his leaves are smaller, the flowers are smaller and the peas are very small. At the ends of the leaves, the mouse pea has thin and flexible antennae. Such a tendril will touch the stalk of another plant and immediately begin to twine around it. So it grows - after all, the stalk of a mouse pea is very weak, so it has to rely on its “neighbors”. IN there is a lot of nectar, which is why beekeepers have great respect for mouse peas. In addition, the plant is very good food for cows, sheep, and horses.

Remember, they are poisonous:

Marigold buttercup

In the fall, life in the meadow stops. Aboveground parts of plants turn yellow and dry out. In annuals, seeds overwinter in the soil, in perennials - bulbs, rhizomes, tubers. In the spring, new plants appear from them.

In all the meadows, insects jump, crawl, and fly in abundance: filly and grasshopper, butterflies, bees, flies, bumblebees. There are also many spiders that catch gape midges in their nets. With a plaintive cry, a predatory buzzard flies over the meadow, looking for mice in the grass.

Here and there in the meadow there are mounds of fresh earth - molehills. The mole is an insectivorous animal. Moving along the dug passages in the soil, it eats insects and their larvae, worms, wood lice, millipedes.

What role do you think the mole plays in the meadow community? Why don't big animals live in the meadow?

III. Physical minute.

Most adult insects do not survive until winter. Their lifespan is one to two warm months. Here is a motley summer moth sitting quietly on a blade of grass. For almost a month he circled over the flowers, drinking honey nectar.

There are also wintering insects. Butterflies of our meadows - urticaria, mourning and peacock's eye - will crawl deep into a heap of dry plants in autumn and there, in deep sleep, will survive the winter.

What do you know about a butterfly?(children's answers)

Butterfly - decoration for meadows. They have a very bad memory. Therefore, they collect nectar from only one species. - the one that they meet first on the way. The nectar is extracted with the proboscis. Usually, nectar is located at the base of the flower, so butterflies get their food and get dirty with pollen. Flyingon another flower, they leave some of the pollen on it. This is how butterflies pollinate ... Only from a pollinated flower will the fruit of a plant grow. If butterflies are exterminated, then there will be no one to pollinate plants, flowers, so there will be no harvest. Unfortunately, in our time, butterflies have become few. The beautiful swallowtail butterfly, the largest butterfly in Russia, is extremely rare. She is listed in the Red Book.

The most voracious insect on the planet. (Dragonfly)

What do you know about her?

Dragonfly - a useful insect. Large, with a movable head, large eyes, short antennae, four transparent wings with a dense network of veins and an elongated slender abdomen. During flight, dragonflies flap their front and rear pairs of wings alternately, achieving higher speed. These are aerial predators - they are on grab flies, mosquitoes, butterflies, and other insects. They must be protected. One of the features of her eyes is the ability to assess the environment by measuring the temperature of animals and objects. This helps her to orient herself most correctly in space and find suitable prey.

And here is another interesting inhabitant of the meadow: the grasshopper.

The grasshopper is an interesting insect. His hind legs are long, awkward and seem to even prevent him from walking. In times of danger, the grasshopper picks up its legs under itself. The legs, like springs, straighten and throw the grasshopper far forward. On the leg of the grasshopper there are notches, on the wing there is a hard vein. The crackle comes from rubbing the leg against the wing. There are very holes on the legs of the grasshopper - these are the ears. So the grasshopper hears with his feet.

How to name in one word all these living beings that we have just talked about?(Insects)

Besides them, other representatives of the animal world live in the meadow. Let's read about them.

How do all the inhabitants of the meadow live? (Together, therefore, the meadow is called a natural community)

I V . Consolidation of the learned.

What does a meadow mean to a person?(Resting place, cattle grazing place, cattle fodder preparation site)

Who can invade the natural community, upsetting the natural balance? Who is causing the greatest harm to nature?(Person)

How can he harm?(Tear the grass, destroy , insects, burn grass, graze animals thoughtlessly)

The meadow community, as well as any other, must be treated with care, because it is of great importance for the ecosystem as a whole.

Is there a connection between meadow plants and insects?

Today we have to work in pairs. What rules must be followed in this case?(Listen to all opinions, make a common decision, work together.)

Let's play an ecological game “Find a mistake in a story”. Then you will write a memo"How to behave in a meadow."

(Students receive leaflets with texts for 1 to 2 people)

This a group of children went on an excursion to the meadows near the river. They wrote a story about their experiences. Read it. Did you like everything about their behavior? How many mistakes have you noticed in the guys' behavior? Underline all mistakes with a pencil.

On a June Sunday afternoon, we went to the meadow.

The weather was good. How beautiful all around! The meadow looks like a colorful carpet. The girls got big flowers. The boys caught butterflies and grasshoppers. There will be something to show friends in the city. We found a bird's nest in the grass. It contained small bluish eggs. We held them in our hands and put them back. Crushed a few caterpillars - they are still harmful. Then we had a snack. They left the plastic bottles - the germs will destroy them. They returned home satisfied. A fun day!

How many behavioral mistakes have you found?(5) What kind?(Each group names one mistake)

How should you behave in nature?(children's answers)

Does a person have the right to interfere in the life of a natural community?( A person has no right to interfere with the life of the natural community so as not to upset the ecological balance.)

V ... Reflection.

I thank you for the lesson. Bye.

The lesson of the surrounding world on the topic "Meadow - natural community" Grade 3 according to the system of LV Zankov. Work in the lesson is aimed at acquainting students with the natural community - a meadow, at developing students' educational and organizational skills: to define a goal, plan, work according to a plan, control their activities; on the formation of educational and intellectual skills: to compare, analyze, observe, highlight the main thing; to develop the ability to work with different sources of information: textbooks, encyclopedias. Much attention is paid to independent acquisition of knowledge. Students in the lesson are not just passive listeners, but observers and researchers.

The tasks used in the lesson create conditions for the development of an active life position, motor skills, fantasy, cognitive processes and expand the ideas of the world around children of primary school age.

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The lesson of the outside world in grade 3 according to L.V. Zankov's system

Theme: The meadow is a natural community.

Objectives: contribute to the formation of students' ideas about the meadow as a natural

Society; to acquaint with the variety of living organisms of the meadow; with the role of a human.

Tasks:

subject: - find out why the meadow is called a natural community;

What living organisms are found in the meadow;

What plants grow in this community?

Find out what role a person plays in this natural community.

meta-subject:

Help students understand the practical importance of the material being studied;

Create conditions for the development of students' ability to formulate a problem and propose

Ways to solve it;

Promote the development of students' cognitive activity, the ability to observe, compare

Vat, generalize and draw conclusions;

Promote the development of communication skills: be able to explain correctly and clearly

Your thought and adequately perceive information from communication partners, receive graphic

Information;

Creation of conditions for the formation of skills and abilities of group work.

Planned results:

1. Know how organisms in a community are related to each other.

2. To have an idea of \u200b\u200bthe influence of a person on the community and the value of the community for the person.

3.Know how to protect meadows.

Equipment:

Projector.
Notebook
Meadow table.
Material for group work.
Route sheets for children.
Lesson Model.

During the classes.

The mood for the lesson.

On the blackboard words:

I can think

I can reason.

What is useful for work,

Then I will do it.

Why do you think these lines are the beginning of our lesson?

And for work, what do you think is the best attitude to choose?

To create a work environment, let's do exercises to restore breathing. (Appendix 1.)

Let's create a good emotional mood: smile, shake hands, wish each other good luck.

Modeling the lesson.

Today is a research lesson. What does it mean to explore? Here is a model for our tutorial

- Before you route sheets. Mark in them what your mood is at the beginning of the lesson.

Route sheet

Knowledge update.

Why do we need this stage?

First, tell us what the weather is like today.

(The attendant tells about the state of the weather).

conversation on the material covered.

What is a meadow?

Where are the meadows located?

Why don't trees grow in the meadows?

Is it possible to trace the layering among the meadow plants? (Slides 1,2,3,4,5).

checking homework.

Find unnecessary:

Timothy, meadow rank, bluegrass, fern.

Mouse peas, clover, hazel, chamomile.

Why are these plants superfluous? Why can these plants grow there?

Teacher. Now let’s rest a little. Let's do the Cross Steps, Hooks exercises.

4. Setting goals.

See what a lush, multi-colored carpet of flowers the meadow looks like. Lilac baskets of cornflowers, blue bells, sage are dazzling. After a few weeks, this meadow died. Why?

Our meadow is beautiful. And our task is to make him alive. What does that require?

Plants find their food by spending their entire life in one place. Green plants produce their own food. But is it only nutrition that plants need?

Remember what happened to the forest, which was full of insects?

Could this happen with a meadow?

The purpose of our lesson: to find out what connections exist in the meadow.

Today in the lesson we will continue to talk about the nature around us, about its diversity, about the life of animals and plants, the benefits they bring to man, the need to protect nature and respect it.

Learning new material.

Insect meadows.

There are plants, so there are insects. What kind of insects live in the meadow?

(Slide 6,7,8).

Working in groups.

Children work with texts.

Group 1:

Read the text and try to tell the children the most interesting.
What type of animal would you consider a bee?
What type of feeding would you classify a bee to?

Bee.

A bee can see green, blue and ultraviolet colors (the latter, by the way, a person cannot see). However, for the bee, there is no pure red that it sees as black.

The bee has baskets where it puts pollen. If the bee stings, it will die itself. You don't need to touch the bees. The bee lives a little - a little over a month.

Did you know that ...

…. In a bee hive, does each bee have its own "profession"? There is only one queen bee in the hive. This is the largest bee, it is busy laying eggs, from which young bees will later hatch.

.... The queen bee lives in the very depths of the hive and never leaves it? How does she eat? (Think for yourself).

…..correctly. these bees are smaller than the queen, but there can be several hundred or even thousands of them in the hive. These bees work from sunrise to sunset, collecting nectar from flowers, which is then processed into honey. Also, worker bees collect pollen from flowers in pockets on their hind legs.

… .The builder bee builds a honeycomb in which honey is stored and in which small larvae bees grow.

…… the eggs and larvae of bees are looked after by nurse bees.

…… there are cleaning bees in the bee family who keep the hive clean and throw garbage out of it.

… ..But there are also drones - these are bees that do nothing, only eat honey. When there is little honey in the hive, the bees drive out the idle drones.

Despite the division of responsibilities, there are things that the bees do together. So, in the heat, the bees ventilate the combs with the larvae: for this they all together begin to quickly flap their wings, like small fans. The sting of bees is only for defense, not attack (unlike wasps). Having stung, the bee usually dies. This is how a bee family lives.(Slide 7)

Group 2:

What type of animal would you consider a ladybug to be?
What type of food do you include ladybugs?

Ladybug.

Ladybug is a very old popular name. In Russia it has long been called that. The name "God" is most likely because this bug gives the impression of a gentle and touching creature. By analogy, “God’s man” is the name given to gullible and harmless people. The bright color of this beetle warns of its inedibility. If the lizard or bird, disregarding this warning, grabs the beetle. Then he will release from the abdomen a bright yellow drop-milk with an unpleasant odor. Both larvae and adult ladybugs feed on small insects. So adult beetles destroy plant pests - aphids, per day one beetle can eat up to 200 aphids. And the ladybug larvae are twice as voracious. (Slide 10)

Group 3:

1. Read the text and tell the most interesting things to the children.

What type of animal would you classify a dragonfly?
What type of food do you include a dragonfly?

Dragonfly.

The most voracious animal is a dragonfly. It looks like a graceful creature that flutters carelessly over the plants, and you can't even see what she ever eats. A rocker dragonfly in search of its favorite delicacy - flies - is capable of flying 100 km in one hour and at the same time makes 1600 flaps of its graceful transparent wings. And during this hour this glutton can swallow ... as many as 20 flies.

A dragonfly - a rocker may indeed seem like a jumper to someone, because it never flies straight. It suddenly soars up, then falls down, immediately turns sharply to the side, so that no fly can dodge it. The dragonfly sees perfectly (Why?)

Checking the completion of the task. Working with a slide.

Exercises before independent work: "Eights for eyes with crossing arms", "Fist-rib-palm"(Appendix 3).

Butterflies.

Guess the riddle:

Flies over the flower, dances,

A patterned fan waves.

Most butterflies have a bad memory, so they collect nectar from only one type of flowers - the one that they met first. They feed on the nectar of flowers, which is obtained with the help of a proboscis.

Why do they say that “if the butterflies are driven away, the harvest will not be seen”?

(Slides 9.10).

But, unfortunately, in our time, butterflies have become few. The beautiful swallowtail butterfly, the largest butterfly in Russia (up to 16 cm), is extremely rare - it is listed in the Red Book. But not all butterflies are useful.

There are more insects in the meadow than in the forest. Why? What do insects eat? Make a conclusion.

(Herbivores, carnivores, omnivores).

Birds of the meadow. (Slide 12).

What other representatives of the animal world will you meet in the meadow?

(Larks - feed mainly on insects and semi-ripe seeds of herbaceous plants, wonderful singers, these are migratory birds, come to us at the end of March.

An owl (swamp) makes a nest in tall grass, feeds on small rodents.

Sandpiper - makes sounds with the help of tail feathers and these sounds are similar to the bleating of a lamb.

Wagtail - nests on the ground.

Lapwings, quails 0 brood type birds (chicks are already sighted, pubescent and get food themselves).

Crake or dergach (makes sounds of "pull-pull") - all movements are made on the ground.)

Many birds come to feed on the meadow.

Conclusion: species of birds are few.

Animals of the meadow. (Slide 13)

Why are there many rodents and small animals?

Among animals, these are moles. They feed on earthworms, insect larvae. They sleep in winter.

A shrew - the smallest animal on earth for more than two hours cannot do without food - it will die.

Who preys on small rodents?

6) Messages from students about the animals of the meadow.

6. Fidget. (relaxation).

"Travel on the cloud"... Sit comfortably and close your eyes. Breathe in and out deeply two or three times ... I want to invite you on a cloud journey. Jump onto a white fluffy cloud that looks like a soft mountain of plump pillows. Feel how your legs, back, and butt sit comfortably on this large cloudy pillow. Now the journey begins. A cloud slowly rises into the blue sky. Do you feel the wind blowing around your faces? Here, high in the sky, everything is calm and quiet. Let the cloud take you now to a place where you will be happy. Try to see this place in your mind as accurately as possible. Here you feel completely calm and happy. Something wonderful and magical can happen here…. Now you are back on your cloud, and it is taking you back to your place in the class. Get off the cloud and thank him for rolling you so well. Now watch how it slowly grows in the air. Stretch, straighten, and be alert, refreshed, and alert again.

7. Drawing up power circuits.(work in groups). Assessment of work.

Make a food chain that folds in the meadow.

How are clover, mole, worm related?

(Clover -\u003e worm -\u003e mole)

How are lizard, grasshopper, dandelion related?

(dandelion -\u003e grasshopper -\u003e lizard)

How are bell, butterfly caterpillar, wagtail related?

(bell -\u003e butterfly caterpillar -\u003e wagtail)

Conclusion : - A variety of living things live together in the meadow. They are interconnected, dependent on each other. Therefore, the meadow is called a natural community.

8. Generalization.

What do meadows give to man?

What precautions should be taken when grazing livestock? When making hay?

Meadow - a table and home for insects, birds, rodents;

Animal feed;

Medicines;

Resting-place.

Why is a meadow called a natural community? Can a meadow be called a steppe?

Try, being in nature, to use the rule - before you do something, think about whether you will harm nature by this.

"Meadow life. Meadow - natural community"

Lesson objectives:

the formation of students' perception of a meadow - a natural community as a set of organisms living together and being in close interconnection; to acquaint with the variety of living organisms in the meadow, with the role and influence of man on the meadow; to develop an understanding of natural balance and the role of man in its preservation, creativity and communication skills in the course of group work; to foster love for nature, respect for the Motherland.

Lesson objectives:

to acquaint with animals and plants of meadows and their peculiarities; show the connection between nature and human activity; foster ecological culture, help children think about the vulnerability of nature, the need to protect it.

Teaching methods: verbal (conversation, story, explanation), visual, practical (working with a herbarium, independent work), as well as a research method of studying new material.

Lesson organization form: lesson - scientific expedition.

Forms of organizing work in the classroom: frontal, individual, differentiated, work in pairs, in groups.

Equipment: textbooks "The World Around Us" (grade 4), workbooks, cards for individual work, the herbarium "Plants of the meadow of our area", identification cards, photo sketches depicting the meadows of the region, the scheme "Meadow", pictures "Insects", audio recording "Voices of the meadow", the Red Book of the Russian Federation, stand "Medicinal plants of our area", an exhibition of drawings on the theme "Forest animals", a map of the area.

During the classes:

Org. moment.

The bell rang, a lesson called us all -

Today, guys, we are going on a research expedition again. I wish you success and new interesting discoveries!

Knowledge update. Communication of the topic and objectives of the lesson.

A path runs through the meadow,

We dive left, right.

Wherever you look - flowers around

Yes, knee-deep grass.

Green meadow, like a wonderful garden

Fragrant and fresh at dawn.

Beautiful, rainbow colors

Bouquets are scattered on it.

(I. Surikov)

Why do you think I started the lesson with this poem?

What does the poet compare to the green meadow? How does he describe bouquets of meadow flowers?

How many of you have been to the meadow? What was especially memorable?

What plants grow there? How can they be called in one word? (Herbs) Why do they grow in open space?

Conclusion: Meadows are treeless areas occupied by herbaceous plants. These plants love light and warmth, so they grow in open areas.

Homework check.

- Only those who have mastered the material of the previous lesson can go on a new expedition. Let's check our homework.

1) Graphic dictation.

Write down the + sign, if the statement is correct, if it is incorrect, put -:

1 The uppermost layer of the forest is formed by trees.

2 The middle tier consists of mosses and lichens.

3 In this combination, the cycle of substances will not occur: oak-caterpillar-bird-microbes.

4 Moles and shrews live on the tree.

5 Mushrooms are essential for the forest because many animals feed on them.

6 Bark beetles harm the forest community.

7 Forest litter remains in the forest for many years.

8 All animals of the forest are divided into four groups according to the type of food.

9 Brown bear is a predator.

10 The fruits of all bushes are consumed by a person.

Answers: +, -, -, -, +, -, -, +, -, -.

2) Frontal conversation on the material covered.

- What natural community did we meet in the last lesson?

- Why do scientists call the forest a natural community? (It is important that the ecological balance is not disturbed in the forest)

3) The game "Trees, bushes, herbs."

- If I name a tree growing in our forests - raise your hands, a bush - just stand, grass - squat.

Oxalis, viburnum, lungwort, linden, alder, euonymus, larch, honeysuckle, hazel, cops shade, pine.

4) Working with an exhibition of drawings on the theme "Animals of our forests".

- Look what wonderful pictures the guys have drawn on the theme “Animals of our forests”.

- What kind of animals are they, and on what forest floor do they live?

- What food chains can you make with these animals?

- Which of these animals are included in the Red Book?

The teacher sums up: Forest is a natural community of our region. Its inhabitants - plants and animals, fungi and microbes - live together and are closely related to each other.

- Let's say to the forest: “Goodbye!

You grow to the delight of people

We will protect you! "

Learning new material.

Take a close look at the "Meadow" diagram.

Chamomile grows in the meadow

Buttercup pungent, Clover porridge!

What else is carnation, tar.

Bell, horsetail like a tree

And also the cat's paws

Dandelion hats, plantain, cornflowers,

Gramophones - bindweed,

Many more different herbs

By the paths, by the grooves

And beautiful and fluffy

Multi-colored and fragrant (G, Lagzdyn)

What plants grow in the meadow?

What do all these plants have in common?

Acquaintance with the plants of the meadow.

Let's take a closer look at the plants growing in the meadow.

a) Practical work in pairs with the herbarium of meadow plants in our area.

Explore the plants found in our meadows and find out their name using the identification cards. Write down their names in a notebook, dividing them into 2 - flowers and herbs.

* What meadow plant will help with colds?

(chamomile officinalis)

* What meadow plant will help with stomach ailments? (yarrow)

* A decoction of which plant will refresh and calm? (mint)

* What is a meadow plant for 99 diseases? (St. John's wort)

Close your eyes, imagine a summer meadow, listen (The recording of the voices of the animals of the meadow sounds)

Whom did you hear? The meadow is rich in a variety of animals.

Acquaintance with the animals of the meadow.

We found out that only herbaceous plants grow in the meadow. They are short. How do you imagine the animal world of the meadow? (animals are small)

The meadow is rich in a variety of animals. What animal could say that about itself?

* I “sing” with my wings, “listen” with my feet. (grasshopper)

* I am the most voracious animal on the planet. (dragonfly)

* Black, but not a raven, horned, but not a bull, I fly - I howl, I sit down - I dig the earth. (bug)

* I will collect juice from flowers and save sweet honey in honeycombs. (bee)

* I change appearance three times when I am born, before becoming an adult. (butterfly)

* I am larger than a bee, the body is covered with long thick hairs. It seems that I am wearing a striped fur coat. (bumblebee)

* In the fall I will hammer in the gap, and in the spring I will wake up. (fly)

* I fly - I say, I sit down - I am silent. (wasp)

Pictures of insects are hung on the board.

What is one word to call all these animals of our meadows? (Insects) How do they help the meadow plants? What insect is the real decoration of our meadows? (Butterfly)

You will learn about other animals by looking at the illustrations on pages 184-185 of your textbook.

What animals are mentioned in the article?

You see what a variety of living things live in the meadow. They are related to each other. Bees collect pollen and pollinate plants at the same time. Birds make sure that there are not too many insects and caterpillars. Otherwise, they will destroy the plants.

How do the inhabitants of the forest live?

How can a meadow be called? (natural community)

Physical education.

Butterfly fluttered

She flapped her wings

Here the grasshopper hop - hop,

Bee flies

From flower to flower

The wagtail shakes its tail.

The quail gets the worm out of the ground.

Everyone sighed together, we had a little rest.

Consolidation of what has been learned.

Read the article "Meadows and Man" on your own. Retell the content of the text to each other in pairs.

What do meadows give to man?

Give examples of the wrong behavior of a person in the meadow.

How can the ecological balance of a meadow be disturbed through human fault?

A person has no right to violate the life of the meadow, its natural balance, because in the end he will suffer himself.

What role do plants play in animal life?

What role do animals play in plant life?

Conclusion: the inhabitants of the meadow live together, which means that the meadow is a natural community.

Who are called the orderlies of the meadow and why?

Using the illustrations on pages 184-185 of the tutorial. Write down two or three food chains in the meadow.

Find in this diagram an animal that maintains balance in the natural community of the meadow: grasses - caterpillars - birds.

Modeling of the scheme "Interrelation of living organisms of the meadow".

Environmental puzzles:

b) What happens if bumblebee burrows are destroyed?

Ecological game "Find the mistake in the story".

This summer a group of children went on an excursion to the meadows near the river. Teshi. They wrote a story about their experiences. Listen to it. Did you like everything about their behavior? How many behavioral mistakes have you noticed?

On a June Sunday afternoon, we went to the meadow. The weather was good. How beautiful all around! The meadow looks like a colorful carpet. The girls picked up large bouquets of flowers. The boys caught butterflies and grasshoppers. There will be something to show friends in the city. We found a bird's nest in the grass. It contained small bluish eggs. We held them in our hands and put them back. Crushed a few caterpillars - they are still harmful. Then we had a snack. They left the plastic bottles - the germs will destroy them. They returned home satisfied. A fun day!

How many behavioral mistakes have you found? What kind?

Lesson summary.

Why is a meadow a natural community?

How is a meadow different from a forest?

Reflection.

Guys, what is needed to grow a forest? (sunlight required).

If it was interesting and exciting for you in the lesson, everything was clear, then you will attach the ray to the first sun.

If you have experienced any difficulties, then attach the ray to the second sun.

I wish you sunny days. Thank you for the lesson!

Class: 4

The purpose of the lesson: to form an idea of \u200b\u200bstudents about the meadow as a natural community.

Tasks:

- to form the students' idea of \u200b\u200bthe meadow as a natural community;
- to acquaint with the variety of living organisms of the meadow, the relationship between them;
- develop children's cognitive activity, interest, ability to observe, compare, generalize and draw conclusions;
- to consider the possible negative human impact on the natural community of the meadow;

Equipment: interactive whiteboard, projector, computer, textbook by AA Pleshakov “The World Around”, illustrations of plants, insects, birds and animals of the meadow.

During the classes

1. Organizational moment.

2. Actualization of basic knowledge. Introduction to the topic.

- On the table is text # 1.
- Read the text and define the topic of today's lesson.

Text No. 1.

Meadows are vast areas of herbaceous vegetation that are located along the low-lying banks of rivers and lakes. The meadow and the forest live side by side. Both communities have enough warmth and light. Soils are similar in composition. But the forest cannot grow right on the river bank. Since in the spring the territory is flooded with water when the river floods. Trees cannot grow in such moisture. Grasses grow quickly after the water disappears, since the melt water brings a lot of silt, which is a good fertilizer. Such meadows are called flooded. People never settle in meadows. Since during the flood the housing will be flooded.

In nature, there is another type of meadows - in the mountains. These are alpine meadows that are located high on the slopes of the mountains. The higher we climb the mountains, the colder it gets. The forests are replaced by shrubs and then by grasses. In a short summer, in mountain meadows, the grasses have time to grow, bloom and give seeds.

- Today in the lesson we go to the natural community - a meadow. We set ourselves goals: to get acquainted with the variety of living organisms in the meadow, consider the relationship between them, their food chains.

- Find in the text what is the characteristic vegetation of the meadow.
- How are the meadow and forest located?
- What meadows are called floodplains?
- What meadows are called alpine?

3. Learning new material.

Teacher's message. (About plants.)

- Meadow plants also have their own tiers - floors, but they are not as pronounced as in the forest. Light-loving grasses grow above all in the meadow, shade-loving below.
- Look at the illustrations.

- Read the message about mouse peas, dandelion, bluegrass, burdock.

Text No. 2.

1) Mouse peas grow by clinging to other plants with antennae. Ripens in pods and is scattered around with force when the pod bursts.

2) Dandelion has light seeds and is carried by the wind.

3) Bluegrass. Its seeds do not get wet well. They are light and like boats float on water after rain.

4) Burdock. Its seeds have hooks that attach themselves to animal hair and “move” to new places.

Teacher message:

- Herbaceous plants grow in open areas. They love light and warmth. Most plants are flowers. Among them are fodder and melliferous plants, medicinal plants, plants listed in the Red Book. They must be protected, not torn. And there are poisonous plants.

A student's message about a poisonous plant is a poisonous milestone.

Teacher's message (about insects).

- The meadow is an open area and it may seem that no one lives here. But if you listen ... (I turn on the sounds of the meadow).
- What familiar sounds did you hear?
- What animals are more in the meadow? (Insects)

- Name the familiar insects.
- Among meadow insects you can find predators - dragonflies that eat mosquitoes and midges; omnivorous ants that feed on other insects, as well as plant sap and nectar.

Guess riddles:

1) flutters over the flower, dances
A patterned fan waves. (Butterfly.)

2) A violinist lives in the meadow,
Wears a tailcoat and gallops. (Grasshopper.)

3) Black, not crow,
Horned, but not a bull,
Flies, howls,
Sits down, digs the ground. (Bug.)

- Beetles live in the meadow - the orderlies of the meadow. This beetle is a gravedigger and a beetle is a dung beetle.
- Read the text about the gravedigger beetle.

Text No. 3.

The gravedigger beetle cleverly deceives its enemies. Orange stripes on its wings make it look like a bumblebee, and if someone attacks it, the beetle begins to hum like a bumblebee. If a dead mouse lies on the ground, then much earlier than the fox senses it, there will be a small bug next to it, two centimeters in length.

- Why is the gravedigger beetle called the orderly of the meadow?

Physical education.

The butterfly fluttered
She flapped her wings.
Here is a hop-hop grasshopper.
The bee flies from flower to flower.
The wagtail shakes its tail.
A quail gets a worm out of the ground.
Everyone swung amicably,
We rested a little.

- And what birds live in the meadows?

- Compare them in size and color.
- Birds, as a rule, are small in size, variegated in color, which merges with last year's grass. The body shape of the birds is streamlined to make it easier to wade through the grass.

Students' message about quail, crake, wagtail.

- What do meadow birds eat?
- Where do they make nests?
- What animals can you see in the meadow?

- There are a lot of small animals, especially rodents, mice and moles.
- Why?
- Mice feed on grasses, plant seeds. In the meadows it is in abundance.

The mole feeds on insects living in the soil, worms.

And there are enough of them in the meadows too.

Find the Right Power Circuit Game. (Working in teams.)

plant seeds - mouse - hedgehog
plants - caterpillars - wagtail
shrew - quail - mole

4. Working with the tutorial p. 48.

Read the text. Draw posters - environmental signs of behavior in the meadow. (Working in teams.)

5. Summing up the lesson.

- Why can a meadow be called a natural community?
- How should one treat the “meadow” community?

6. D.z.

from. 43–49, retelling, prepare a message about one medicinal plant.

Date of publication: 06.10.2013

Short description: The lesson of the outside world on the topic "Meadow - natural community" Grade 3 according to the system of L.V. Zankov. The work in the lesson is aimed at acquainting students with the natural community - a meadow, at the formation of educational and organizational skills in students: defining a goal, planning, working on

material preview

The lesson of the outside world in grade 3 according to L.V. Zankov's system

Theme: The meadow is a natural community.

Objectives: contribute to the formation of students' ideas about the meadow as a natural

society; to acquaint with the variety of living organisms of the meadow; with the role of a human .

Tasks:

subject: - find out why the meadow is called a natural community;

What living organisms are found in the meadow;

What plants grow in this community?

Find out what role a person plays in this natural community.

meta-subject:

Help students understand the practical importance of the material being studied;

Create conditions for the development of students' ability to formulate a problem and propose

ways to solve it;

Promote the development of students' cognitive activity, the ability to observe, compare

to summarize, generalize and draw conclusions;

Promote the development of communication skills: be able to explain correctly and clearly

your thought and adequately perceive information from communication partners, receive graphic

information;

Creation of conditions for the formation of skills and abilities of group work.

Planned results:

1. Know how organisms in a community are related to each other.

2. To have an idea of \u200b\u200bthe influence of a person on the community and the value of the community to the person

3.Know how to protect meadows .

Equipment:

Projector.

Meadow table.
Material for group work.
Route sheets for children.
Lesson Model.

During the classes.

The mood for the lesson.

On the blackboard words:

I can think

I can reason.

What is useful for work,

Then I will do it.

Why do you think these lines are the beginning of our lesson?

And for work, what do you think is the best attitude to choose?

To create a work environment, let's do exercises to restore breathing. (Appendix 1.)

Let's create a good emotional mood: smile, shake hands, wish each other good luck.

Modeling the lesson.

Today is a research lesson. What does it mean to explore? Here is a model of our Aktuali lesson

knowledge sharing

The purpose of the lesson

Study\\

Self

- Before you route sheets. Mark in them what your mood is at the beginning of the lesson.

Route sheet

My attitude

As I remember the previous material

As I understand the purpose of the lesson

As I understood the basic rule of the lesson

How I can apply the rule myself

How I worked in the lesson

Knowledge update.

Why do we need this stage?

First, tell us what the weather is like today.

(The attendant tells about the state of the weather).

conversation on the material covered.

What is a meadow?

Where are the meadows located?

Why don't trees grow in the meadows?

Is it possible to trace the layering among the meadow plants? (Slides 1,2,3,4,5).

checking homework.

- Find unnecessary:

Timothy, meadow rank, bluegrass, fern.

Mouse peas, clover, hazel, chamomile.

Why are these plants superfluous? Why can these plants grow there?

Teacher. Now let's take a little rest. Let's do the Cross Steps, Hooks exercises.

4. Setting goals.

See what a lush, multi-colored carpet of flowers the meadow looks like. Lilac baskets of cornflowers, blue bells, sage are dazzling. After a few weeks, this meadow died. Why?

Our meadow is beautiful. And our task is to make him alive. What does that require?

Plants find their food by spending their entire life in one place. Green plants produce their own food. But is it only nutrition that plants need?

Remember what happened to the forest, which was full of insects?

Could this happen with a meadow?

The purpose of our lesson: to find out what connections exist in the meadow.

Today in the lesson we will continue talking about the nature around us, about its diversity, about the life of animals and plants, the benefits they bring to man, the need to protect nature and respect it.

Learning new material.

Insect meadows.

There are plants, so there are insects. What kind of insects live in the meadow?

(Slide 6,7,8).

Working in groups.

Children work with texts.

Group 1:

Read the text and try to tell the children the most interesting.

What type of animal would you consider a bee?

What type of feeding would you classify a bee to?

Bee.

The bee can see green, blue and ultraviolet colors (the latter, by the way, a person cannot see). However, there is no pure red for the bee, which it sees as black.

The bee has baskets where it puts pollen. If the bee stings, it will die itself. You don't need to touch the bees. The bee lives a little - a little over a month.

Did you know that ...

…. In a bee hive, does each bee have its own "profession"? There is only one queen bee in the hive. This is the largest bee, it is busy laying eggs, from which young bees will later hatch.

.... The queen bee lives in the very depths of the hive and never leaves it? How does she eat? ( Think for yourself).

… .The builder bee builds a honeycomb in which honey is stored and in which small larvae bees grow.

…… the eggs and larvae of bees are looked after by nurse bees.

…… there are cleaning bees in the bee family who keep the hive clean and throw out garbage.

… ..But there are also drones - these are bees that do nothing, only eat honey. When there is little honey in the hive, the bees drive out the idle drones.

Despite the division of responsibilities, there are things that the bees do together. So, in the heat, the bees ventilate the combs with the larvae: for this, they all together begin to quickly flap their wings, like small fans. The sting of bees is only for defense, not attack (unlike wasps). Having stung, the bee usually dies. This is how a bee family lives. (Slide 7)

Group 2:

What type of animal would you consider a ladybug to be?

What type of food do you consider a ladybug to be?

Ladybug.

Ladybug is a very old folk name. In Russia it has long been called that. The name "God" is most likely because this bug gives the impression of a gentle and touching creature. By analogy, "God's man" is the name given to gullible and harmless people. The bright color of this beetle warns of its inedibility. If the lizard or bird, disregarding this warning, grabs the beetle. Then he will release from the abdomen a bright yellow drop-milk with an unpleasant odor. Both larvae and adult ladybugs feed on small insects. So adult beetles destroy plant pests - aphids, per day one beetle can eat up to 200 aphids. And the ladybug larvae are twice as voracious. (Slide 10)

Group 3:

1. Read the text and tell the most interesting things to the children.

What type of animal would you classify a dragonfly?

What type of food do you include a dragonfly?

Dragonfly.

Checking the completion of the task. Working with a slide.

Exercises before independent work: "Eights for eyes with crossing arms", "Fist-rib-palm" (Appendix 3).

Butterflies.

Guess the riddle:

Flies over the flower, dances,

A patterned fan waves.

Most butterflies have a bad memory, so they collect nectar from only one type of flowers - the one that they met first. They feed on the nectar of flowers, which is obtained using the proboscis.

Why do they say that “if the butterflies are driven away, the harvest will not be seen”?

(Slides 9.10).

There are more insects in the meadow than in the forest. Why? What do insects eat? Make a conclusion.

(Herbivores, carnivores, omnivores).

Birds of the meadow. (Slide 12).

What other representatives of the animal world will you meet in the meadow?

(Larks - feed mainly on insects and semi-ripe seeds of herbaceous plants, wonderful singers, these are migratory birds, come to us at the end of March.

An owl (swamp) makes a nest in tall grass, feeds on small rodents.

Sandpiper - makes sounds with the help of tail feathers and these sounds are similar to the bleating of a lamb.

Wagtail - nests on the ground.

Lapwings, quails 0 brood type birds (chicks are already sighted, pubescent and get food themselves).

Crake or dergach (makes sounds of "pull-pull") - all movements are made on the ground.)

Many birds come to feed on the meadow.

Conclusion: species of birds are few.

Animals of the meadow. (Slide 13)

Why are there many rodents and small animals?

Among animals, these are moles. They feed on earthworms, insect larvae. They sleep in winter.

A shrew - the smallest animal on earth for more than two hours cannot do without food - it will die.

Who preys on small rodents?

6) Messages from students about the animals of the meadow.

6. Fidget. (relaxation).

"Travel on the cloud"... Sit comfortably and close your eyes. Take a deep breath and exhale two or three times ... I want to invite you on a cloud journey. Jump onto a white fluffy cloud that looks like a soft mountain of plump pillows. Feel how your legs, back, and butt sit comfortably on this large cloudy pillow. Now the journey begins. A cloud slowly rises into the blue sky. Do you feel the wind blowing around your faces? Here, high in the sky, everything is calm and quiet. Let the cloud take you now to a place where you will be happy. Try to see this place in your mind as accurately as possible. Here you feel completely calm and happy. Something wonderful and magical can happen here…. Now you are back on your cloud, and it carries you back to your place in the class. Get off the cloud and thank him for rolling you so well. Now watch how it slowly grows in the air. Stretch, straighten, and be alert, refreshed, and alert again.

7. Drawing up power circuits. (work in groups). Assessment of work.

Make up a food chain that folds into a meadow.

How are clover, mole, worm related?

(Clover -\u003e worm -\u003e mole)

How are lizard, grasshopper, dandelion related?

(dandelion -\u003e grasshopper -\u003e lizard)

How are bell, butterfly caterpillar, wagtail related?

(bell -\u003e butterfly caterpillar -\u003e wagtail)

Conclusion: - A variety of living things live together in the meadow. They are interconnected, dependent on each other. Therefore, the meadow is called a natural community.

8. Generalization.

What do meadows give to man?

What precautions should be taken when grazing livestock? When making hay?

Meadow - a table and home for insects, birds, rodents;

Animal feed;

Medicines;

Resting-place.

Why is a meadow called a natural community? Can a meadow be called a steppe?

Try, being in nature, to use the rule - before you do something, think about whether you will harm nature by this.

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