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Which thermal heads are better, gas or liquid? Thermal head for a heating radiator: types, design and principle of operation

17.09.2023

Thermal heads for heating radiators.

A device that allows you to regulate the temperature of heating radiators is called a thermal head. This is not the only name for this device; there are also: battery thermostat, thermostatic head, battery temperature controller, radiator thermostat, radiator thermostat and others. Let's talk in more detail about this device.

Various types of thermal heads for heating radiators.

Operating principle.
Classification.
Installation options.
Settings.
Conclusion.

1. Design and principle of operation of a thermal head for a heating radiator.

The thermostatic head can only be used in conjunction with a thermostatic valve. The thermostatic valve refers to shut-off and control valves and, using a thermal head, can regulate or shut off fluid flows in the system.

Construction of a thermostatic heating head and thermostatic valve.

The ambient temperature near the thermal head affects the state of the substance in the bellows. By decreasing or increasing in volume, the substance affects the position of the pressure rod and thereby regulates the volume of coolant entering the radiator. When the air temperature in the room rises, the substance in the bellows begins to expand, squeezing out the rod, which in turn reduces the cross-section of the channel, and the volume of coolant entering the radiator is reduced. When the temperature drops, the opposite process occurs: the substance in the bellows is compressed, due to which the rod rises, increasing the cross-section of the channel, and the volume of incoming coolant increases.

The opening and closing of the stem is facilitated by two stainless steel springs: one returns the stem after closing the valve, the other after opening.

It is IMPORTANT to remember that for the thermal head to function properly, it must be periodically cleaned of dust and dirt. It should be remembered that cleaning agents and abrasive materials should not be used for cleaning!!!

Thermal head and valve in section.

2. Classification of radiator thermal heads.

A device such as a thermal head for a heating radiator is designed to regulate the heating temperature. With its help, you can use coolant more efficiently and save money.

Guaranteed effect from use - the right choice. To do this, you need to have as much information as possible about these devices.

From this article you will learn about the existing types of thermal heads, their design, operating principle and rules for installing them on radiators. We will also present the main criteria influencing the choice and briefly consider the best manufacturers of such equipment.

The most popular thermal head consists of a body, a bellows, a locking element, a pusher, a rod (closing cone), a return spring, sealing and fastening elements.

The amount of coolant flowing into the radiator is controlled by the valve device. Most products are equipped with this element.

The plastic body is made by hot stamping. It can be either transparent or colored - from white to black. The bellows is made of brass or galvanized steel. In most models, the thermal head housing is for installation on radiators and is compatible.

The bellows filler, such as gas condensate, has the fastest response to temperature fluctuations.

Two stainless steel springs help open and close the rod. One of them returns the rod to its original position after the valve closes, and the second - after it opens

There is a locking element at the very top of the body. It is necessary to fix the settings. If the settings have not been changed for a long period or the moving elements of the device are inactive, they may become stuck.

There is such a thing as “gestesis” of the head. The smaller it is, the faster the device responds to temperature changes.

Types of thermal heads and their operating principles

Thermal heads are classified as shut-off and control valves.

There are three types of thermostatic heads:

manual;
mechanical;
electronic.

The functions are the same in all, but the implementation methods are different. Depending on the last parameter, they have different capabilities.

What are manual thermal heads?

In terms of design, thermostatic heads duplicate a standard faucet. By turning the regulator, you can regulate the volume of coolant transported through the pipeline.

Mount them instead on opposite sides of the radiator. They are reliable and inexpensive, but they will have to be controlled manually, and turning the valve every time, relying solely on your feelings, is not very comfortable. Basically, such thermal heads are installed on cast iron batteries.

If you move the valve stem several times a day, the valve handwheel will become loose. As a result, the thermal head will quickly fail.

Features of mechanical thermal heads

Mechanical type thermal heads have a more complex design and they maintain the set temperature automatically.

The device is based on a bellows in the form of a small flexible cylinder. Inside it is a temperature agent in liquid or gaseous form. As a rule, it has a high coefficient of thermal expansion.

As soon as the set temperature exceeds the norm, under the influence of the internal environment, which has greatly increased in volume, the rod begins to move.

As a result, the cross-section of the thermal head passage channel narrows. In this case, the battery capacity decreases, and, consequently, the coolant temperature decreases to the set parameters.

As the liquid or gas cools in the bellows, the cylinder loses its volume. The rod rises, increasing the dose of coolant passing through the radiator. The latter gradually warms up, the balance of the system is restored and everything starts all over again.

A positive result will only be if there are thermostats in all rooms and on each radiator.

Devices with bellows filled with liquid are more popular. Although gases have a faster reaction, their production technology is quite complex, and the difference in measurement accuracy is only 0.5%.

A mechanical regulator is more convenient to use than a manual one. He is fully responsible for the microclimate in the room. There are many models of such a thermal valve, differing from each other in the way the signal is sent

The thermostatic head is mounted so that it is oriented towards the room. This will improve the accuracy of temperature measurement.

If there are no conditions for such an installation, install a thermostat with a remote sensor. It is connected to the thermal head by a capillary tube 2 to 3 m long.

The feasibility of using a remote sensor is due to the following circumstances:

The heating device is placed in a niche.
The radiator has a depth of 160 mm.
The thermal head is hidden behind the blinds.
The window sill above the radiator is wide, despite the fact that the distance between it and the top of the battery is less than 100 mm.
The balancing device is located vertically.

All manipulations with the radiator will be performed based on the temperature in the room.

How are electronic thermal heads different?

Since, in addition to electronics, this thermostat contains batteries (2 pcs.), it is larger in size than the previous ones. The rod here moves under the influence of the microprocessor.

These devices have a large set of additional functions. So, they can set the temperature by the clock - at night the room will be cooler, and by the morning the temperature will rise.

It is possible to program temperature readings for individual days of the week. Without reducing the level of comfort, you can significantly save on heating your home.

Although the batteries have enough charge to last for several years, they still need to be maintained. But the main disadvantage is not this, but the high price of electronic thermal heads.

The photo shows a thermal head with a remote sensor option. It limits the temperature to a set value. Adjustment possible from 60 to 90°

If installed on a radiator, the thermal head will be useless. In this case, you will need a regulator with a sensor that records the external temperature.

Rules for installing a thermal head

The connection location when installing a thermal head on a radiator does not depend on its type. In any case, this is a pipe that directly supplies coolant to the battery.

For the device to work correctly, air must continuously circulate around it.

Despite this, there are general installation conditions:

The housing must be protected from direct ultraviolet rays. Otherwise, the device will not work accurately.
The thermal head must be open. It should not be hidden by any protective boxes or furniture.
The device must not be located above heating pipes. In this case, there will be a discrepancy between the room temperature and the area around the head.
If the device is practically isolated, you need to arrange or install a bypass valve in the area of the supply and return pipes.
The connected piping must not exert pressure on the valve body.

During installation, the thermal head regulator must be set to maximum. This will ensure the device operates correctly. Immediately before installation, the movement of water or other fluid in the circuit must be shut off and then drained.

It is prohibited to install the thermal head vertically. It should be parallel to the floor. This position ensures that it is not affected by warm air.

Device installation sequence

Installation should begin with cutting the pipes, which is done by stepping back a little from the radiator. The next step is to dismantle the existing shut-off valves. Next, separate the shanks from the valves and screw them into the radiator plugs.

Mount the harness in place, having previously assembled it, connect the pipes. All that remains is to adjust the temperature by turning the thermostat knob until the notches coincide with the existing marks on the body corresponding to a certain temperature.

It is important that the arrow on the housing points towards the flow of hot coolant in the system. Otherwise, the work has been done in vain, nothing will work. The thermal head can be installed both at the inlet and outlet.

But not all batteries have a top feed; it can also be a bottom feed. If there is no sample suitable in height, the solution is to set the thermal head to a lower temperature.

Since it is cooler near the floor, and the device is set to the temperature that should be at the top edge of the radiator, the room will be hot. To avoid this, you can install a thermal head with a remote sensor. There is also an option to configure the regulator yourself.

Features of setting up

For normal operation of the device, preliminary configuration is required. Before this, turn on the heating and isolate the room by closing the door.

At a certain point, install a thermometer and begin setting up:

Turn the thermal head to the left until it stops so that the coolant flow is completely open.
Wait until the temperature rises by 5-6° compared to the original.
Turn the head all the way to the right.
When the temperature drops to the desired value, the valve is gradually unscrewed. They stop rotation when noise appears in the radiator and the body becomes warm.

The last position of the thermal head corresponds to a comfortable temperature. It will be constantly supported.

The design of electronic thermal heads includes built-in programs. They make it possible to adjust the temperature with great accuracy - down to 1 degree

The described sequence is suitable for most devices. If it is different, then it is not difficult to complete, since everything is described in detail in the passport.

What are the criteria for choosing a thermal head?

Thermostatic devices are produced by many manufacturers.

To make the right choice, you need to be guided by the following criteria:

Thermal valve to which the head will be attached. Since the connection can be clip or threaded, you need to pay attention to this point. If the manufacturer is the same, there will be no problems.
View of the threaded connection on the head itself. It can be in the form of a nut with curtains or simply round. In the first case, during installation you need an additional tool to crimp the connection. In the second, everything is much simpler.
The presence of a “skirt”. The head looks better with it, because... it covers the work area.
Material of manufacture. The cheapest are thermal heads in a plastic case. Expensive models have a metal body.
Plastic quality. Some manufacturers, in order to reduce the cost of their products, use the cheapest type of plastic. The strength of the structure suffers from this, and over time the plastic turns yellow and loses its aesthetic appearance.
Work Item Type. The choice will have to be made between liquid, gas, electronic and paraffin.
Smooth rotation. The handle should rotate smoothly. This is a sign of good quality. Any cracking, squeaking or jamming indicates a not entirely high-quality product.
Graduation and scale length. For most models it is in the range of +5 – +30 °C. If the graduation scale is located around the entire perimeter of the head, it can quickly wear out.
Availability of anti-vandal casing. It protects against unauthorized access to settings.
Design. Since thermal heads are mainly located in plain sight, their appearance and color scheme are important.

It is not necessary to purchase a ready-made kit consisting of a thermal valve and a thermal head. These devices can be purchased separately.

The gas-filled bellows is not too sensitive to external heat sources. This is a definite plus, but its cost is much higher than that of a liquid bellows

A thermal head equipped with automation benefits a lot, but it is not always effective. There is no point in mounting it on . This material is very heat-intensive, and since the mass of the battery is large, it has great inertia. Only a manual type of head can work correctly here.

Brief overview of popular brands

The right decision when purchasing a thermal head would be to focus on reputable manufacturers. An unfamiliar trademark with an unknown history is a big risk of wasting money.

You can safely purchase products from manufacturers such as Dunfoss, Oventrop, Caleffi, Salus and other well-known companies.

Place #1 – Danfoss

The Danfoss concern has been producing thermal heads for over 60 years. This is a Danish manufacturer; under its license, products are also produced in Russia.

The range of equipment for automation of heating systems at the Danfos concern is rich and meets advanced technologies. You can control the operation and configure the thermal heads remotely using a smartphone.

The most frequently asked question is the RTS Everis thermal head. This is a bellows product filled with liquid. By direct fixation it interfaces with proprietary thermal valves. Others require an adapter.

Test of existing types of brand thermal heads in the following video:

Place #2 – Oventrop brand

Oventrop thermal heads from the Uni line are in great demand among consumers. They are equipped with a liquid bellows. They are connected to the thermal valve using a union nut. The temperature can be set between +7 – +28 °C.

There is a possibility of complete closure. The heads are designed for a maximum temperature in the system of +100 - +120 °C - these are the characteristics indicated by the manufacturer in the accompanying documentation.

Oventrop Uni heads are compatible with other sanitary products from this company. They can be connected without an adapter to other devices with a built-in valve and appropriate threads

They are installed on thermostatic valves with a suitable connection. On the heads of many series there is a special mark for people with low vision and a vandal-proof casing.

Place #3 – Thermo company

Consumers highly appreciated the products of the Swiss company Thermo, in particular the Royal Thermo RTE 50.30 model. It has a wide adjustment range - from +6 to +28 °C, and a low hysteresis value - 0.55 degrees. There is also a zero position.

For correct operation, the coolant must have a temperature no higher than 100 °C. Connection with the valve is a union nut.

Place #4 – manufacturer Caleffi

The Italian manufacturer Caleffi supplies a wide range of radiator thermal heads. Model Caleffi 210000 is programmable. It is equipped with a digital LCD temperature indicator. In addition to the temperature value, it shows the time, date, and the set daily program.

When purchasing equipment for heating systems, be sure to ask the seller for accompanying documents, a warranty from the manufacturer and instructions for the product

When programming for a week, you can set 3 temperature levels: “Comfort”, “Economy”, “Anti-freeze”. This head is installed in tandem with Keleffi valves.

Place #5 – Salus company

The German company Salus also enjoys a well-deserved reputation. For example, the Salus PH 60 model is an electronic head with non-volatile memory and the ability to set the temperature for a week. Temperature range - +5 – +40 °C.

Power is supplied from 2 AA elements. The display has the function of backlighting and displaying temperature parameters, as well as the charge level of the elements.

A new development - a wireless mini thermal head powered by batteries. You can control the device via a computer or smartphone by first downloading the Smart Home application.

Technical innovations never cease to delight users - wireless thermal heads allow the owner to create a comfortable indoor microclimate, while being on the other side of the city or another country. And all this becomes possible if you integrate the device into the system or download a proprietary application.

Conclusions and useful video on the topic

The design and purpose of the thermal head is discussed in detail in the following video:

Is it worth installing a thermal head on batteries? One of the users talks about this in detail in his video review:

Thermostatic valve and head in action:

A heating circuit with a thermal head is more convenient to use. This device increases the service life of the equipment included in the heating system and increases its fire safety level.

Based on the benefits of these relatively simple devices and their 20-year service life, they are inexpensive. To buy a truly high-quality product, find out if there is a certificate for the selected device.

Do you use thermal heads for your heating equipment? If yes, then share your personal experience of installation and operation, add photos, tell us whether you are satisfied with these devices and how much more comfortable the microclimate in your home has become after installing thermal heads.

If you still have questions, do not hesitate to ask them in the comments block - our experts and competent users will try to cover complex issues as clearly as possible.

Uniform temperature distribution in all directions ensures thermal comfort in the room. In order to achieve it, it is necessary to take a responsible approach to the design of the heating system: the choice of devices, the location of radiators, taking into account the thermal insulation characteristics of the room.

Since any heating system is constantly under high load, it is necessary to take all possible measures to prevent breakdowns or accidents. Shut-off valves must be installed in front of heating radiators; this will allow in an unforeseen situation (accident, failure) to turn off the radiator without negatively affecting the entire system.

In some cases, a shut-off valve can also be used to regulate temperature, but since it has only two standard positions (on/off), its presence in an intermediate position can cause it to break or depressurize the system.

That is why, to maintain the required temperature, it is recommended to use a thermostat for a heating radiator, the price of which is quite low.

The installed thermostat provides room temperature regulation by changing the volume of coolant directly in the heating radiator itself.

Classification of thermostats

These devices can be classified both by the method of receiving the signal and by their design features.

There are three ways thermostats receive signals: from the heating radiator, from the air temperature in the room and outside.

It is worth noting that the types of thermostats described above can be installed simultaneously. Based on design features, thermostats are divided into:

Direct acting thermostats. The installation is carried out directly into the heating system pipeline, and regulation is carried out by closing the pipe with a valve;
Electrically controlled thermostats. The thermostat and sensor are installed in the room where it is necessary to control the temperature, and the thermostat is located near the collector;
Electric thermostats. Temperature regulation is carried out by turning on and off the circulation pump or boiler burner; installation is carried out directly to the heating equipment.

About the disadvantage of one thermostat, video:

Operating principle of thermal head for radiators

Currently, the plumbing market is rich in various models of thermostats; the design of the simplest ones consists of a valve and a thermostatic head.

In order to understand the operation of this system, it is necessary to study in detail the operating principle of the thermal head for radiators.

The design of valves is familiar to everyone, but not everyone knows the components of a thermal head. This element of the heating system consists of such parts as a regulator, a drive and a liquid element (bellows) with corrugated walls.

It is the working environment of the bellows that affects the temperature change.

At high temperatures, the bellows stretches and blocks the passage of coolant; in the opposite case (at low temperatures), the liquid element contracts, leading to an increase in the amount of coolant entering the heating radiator.

It is worth noting that thermostats react exclusively to the temperature in the room and the temperature of the heating radiator itself does not affect their operation.

A thermal head installed in a horizontal position will prevent possible exposure to warm air emanating from the radiator; another way out of the situation is to install an external temperature sensor.

Installing a thermostat on a heating radiator

Mounting of this device is carried out by installing it on the radiator pipe. To ensure proper functioning, installation of the thermostat on the heating radiator must be performed in the following sequence:

Shutting off the pressure section of the heat pipeline and draining the coolant. In order to facilitate installation, it is recommended to install the thermostat before the start of the heating season; in this case, there is no need to drain the water from the heating system;
Preparing the seat. A cut is made in the horizontal supply section and a thread is applied with a die on both sides of the bends. If a valve is installed on the pipe, it must be dismantled;
Mounting the thermostat housing. A lock nut is screwed onto the riser, located on the side of the riser, after which it is wrapped with sealing tape. The thermostat itself is screwed onto this nut, like onto a pipe. To connect this structure with the second drive, a lock nut is also screwed onto it. The thermostat housing is fixed simultaneously from both sides using adjustable wrenches;
Installation of the control element. The thermal head for the heating radiator is screwed into the adapter located on the regulator body. This allows you to replace the control unit if it fails or you select a more advanced model.

Setting up the thermostat

It is important to know not only how to install a thermal head on a radiator, but also how to configure it, because any control element must be configured before commissioning.

The thermostat is configured according to the following scheme:

To ensure a stable microclimate in the room, all windows and doors must be closed. Drafts or heat flows from neighboring rooms can negatively affect the thermostat setting;
A stand is placed in the center of the room, the height of which is equal to half the height of the room, and a thermometer is installed on it;
The thermostat valve is fully opened, which ensures heating of the room to the maximum temperature;
After the temperature in the room rises by 5–7 degrees, the valve is turned all the way in the opposite direction;
Next, you need to monitor the temperature drop on the thermometer; at the moment when its value reaches your desired temperature, you need to smoothly turn the valve to the left until the noise of water appears in the regulator. This stage is the final one.

After setting, you can draw a vertical stripe or make a small notch based on the position of the valve; this will help you calibrate other desired temperature conditions in the future.

It is worth noting that some models of thermostats have their own scale and to set the modes you only need to compare the indicator indicated on it with the room temperature.

Advantages of modern thermostats

The models of thermostats that are currently produced are not only easy to use, but also have an aesthetic appearance suitable for the interior of almost any room.

It is worth noting that the installation of these devices is simple not only in new heating systems, but also in existing ones. In addition, according to experts, they have a fairly long service life, during which virtually no preventative or maintenance is required. After installing thermostats, there is no need to regulate the temperature by opening windows or doors.

The temperature range for normal operation of this device is 5–27 °C, you can choose the required temperature yourself and it will be maintained in the room with an accuracy of 1 °C. In addition, a thermostat installed on the radiator allows you to prevent excessive heating of the air in the room due to direct sunlight, electrical appliances or the accumulation of a large number of people.

Thermostats can not only create thermal comfort in the room, but also ensure uniform distribution of coolant throughout the entire heating system. If the device is installed on the boiler, absolutely all radiators will have the same temperature, even those that are located at the maximum distance from it.

Currently, electric batteries with a thermostat are produced; this device is installed on them immediately at the factory.

It is worth noting that when installing a thermostat, it is best to start with those rooms in which sharp temperature fluctuations are observed, for example, a kitchen, rooms located on the sunny side, or a living room in which a large number of people can gather at the same time.

Quite often, thermostats are used in autonomous heating systems, since their installation reduces fuel costs by 25%. This, in turn, reduces the amount of harmful waste resulting from its combustion and reduces the cost of heating.

The advantages of using thermostats in a heating system are quite significant; their use can be particularly effective in private homes and cottages, because in this case, the installation of these devices pays off due to fuel savings literally in a year.

The installation of thermostats in private homes should begin with the upper floors, since there is usually a significant difference between the temperature on the lower floors and the temperature in the upper rooms.

High economic efficiency can be ensured by panel radiators that have a significant response rate to the opening and closing of the thermostat valves.

When choosing a thermostat, you should pay attention to the presence of a certificate of quality and compliance; high-quality devices always have such documents. The service life of such products reaches 20 years.

Room thermostat, video:

To ensure that installing a thermostat does not turn into problems for you, we present some useful tips:

When purchasing a thermostat for a heating radiator, make sure that the warranty period for the device is at least 3 years;
Do not believe the labels on the packages and check the country of origin solely by the barcode numbers, since most often thermostats are assembled in China or Korea;
Purchase thermostats only in specialized stores or departments;
Make sure that there are no additional heating devices in the room where the thermostat is installed, as this may interfere with its operation and you will not achieve the desired temperature;
It is not recommended to install thermostats in niches, or to cover them with any objects or curtains.

You can install the thermostat for a heating radiator yourself, because all you need is a wrench and the installation instructions included with the device. Only you can decide what the temperature should be in the room!

relend.ru

How does a thermal head work on a heating radiator?

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The article describes in detail how a thermal head works on a heating radiator, the principle of operation and installation of a thermal head on a heating radiator. Before starting work, carefully read the instructions provided. The article contains complete information to complete the work from start to finish. Choose only trusted manufacturers, do not skimp on devices, the quality is worth it!

Thermostatic head operating principle

Installing a thermal head on a heating radiator

Before starting work, it is important to know how to correctly install the thermal head on the radiator; the further functionality of the device will depend on this.

What you need:

Thermal head
Thread cutting die
Fumlenta
Two adjustable wrenches
Locknuts

Preparatory work

Typically, the installation of a thermal head on a battery is carried out together with the installation of new radiators. To do this, you need to shut off the riser and drain the remaining coolant in the pipes into a bucket. It is best to carry out work outside of the heating season.

Choosing a location for installing the thermal head

Taking into account the errors in installing the thermostatic head, which we discussed above, we can draw conclusions about where exactly the thermostatic head should not be installed. What will be the best options? It is important that it is not exposed to heat flows from the radiator and is not affected by factors that can cause a false perception of temperature.

The photographs below show common options for correctly installing the thermostatic head on batteries. If it is mounted at the top of the radiator, it should only be positioned horizontally. In the lower part it can be mounted horizontally and vertically, since there are no strong thermal flows of heated air - it rises to the top.

Carving pipes

To secure the head to the radiator, it is necessary to cut threads at the attachment points. To do this, threads are cut using a die on the pipes coming from the riser and radiator.

Head mounting

A lock nut is screwed to the outlet coming from the riser. It is wrapped with fumlenta, and the thermostat is screwed onto it, but the fasteners are not tightened. Next, do the same with the flow coming from the radiator. The installed thermal head must be secured - simultaneously tighten both nuts with two adjustable wrenches.

Mechanical, which is adjusted manually;

Electronic, controlling the adjustment process in automatic mode.

Mechanical models are a small head with a rotary handle. The temperature range that can be controlled starts at +7° and goes up to +28°. The device provides several operating modes. Each division of the temperature scale is equivalent to 2-5 degrees.

In electronic models, the entire adjustment process is automated. The adjustment accuracy corresponds to 1-2 degrees. A flexible control system allows you to set the most suitable heating mode.

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Setting up the thermal head

After the user has become familiar with the design of the device and learned how the thermal head on a heating radiator works, setting the optimal microclimate in each room is not difficult. By rotating the handle relative to the scale with marks, you can adjust the temperature within +5 – +28 degrees.

In the first case, the system is guaranteed not to freeze in the absence of the owners inside the building of periodic operation. The maximum value is considered comfortable for users. The substance with which the bellows chamber is filled reacts to an increase/decrease in temperature within 1 degree. Therefore, the valve will cycle on/off regularly.

Thus, any home craftsman can select and install a thermal head together with a valve. To do this, it is enough to take into account the above factors and avoid basic installation errors.

The thermal head is used in 90% of cases to lower the air temperature. However, in a country cottage, by installing heads with valves on all registers, the temperature can be raised. In the rooms farthest from the boiler, heat loss in the heating circuit is maximum. Therefore, when the supply to nearby registers is shut off, hot water better heats those furthest from the boiler room.

Thermostat for radiator
Thermostat for heating radiators

prof-kirpich.ru

Thermal heads for radiators: we regulate heat flows manually and automatically

A radiator valve with a thermal head is a device that regulates the flow of coolant into the battery depending on the room temperature. The use of such devices in central heating systems allows you to maintain an optimal microclimate, and in houses with autonomous heating, it also saves energy spent on heating the coolant.

In our article we will talk about the design of such devices, describe the operating principle of a thermal head for radiators, and also provide recommendations for their selection and installation.

By installing a thermal head, we are able to automatically regulate the temperature

Approaches to temperature regulation

To ensure optimal temperature in a house or apartment, we need to periodically adjust the heating level of the batteries. The easiest way to do this is by changing the volume of incoming coolant, especially since this task can be achieved in different ways.

Ball valve for shutting off the coolant manually

Adjustment method	Description
Manually	This technique is the easiest to implement, but at the same time the least convenient: At the inlet of the radiator, a valve is installed - ball or cone. If it is necessary to reduce the degree of heating of the device, the valve is closed (ball valve - only completely, cone valve - completely or partially). When the room temperature drops, you can open the tap again and the battery will continue to heat.
With thermal valve	This method is quite common and involves the use of special thermostatic valves. The operating principle of a thermal head for a heating radiator is quite simple: We set the room temperature we need. When this temperature changes, the valve mechanism reacts by increasing or decreasing the clearance of the heating pipe with coolant. The adjustment is carried out automatically.
Using remote sensor and drive	This technique is similar to the previous one, with the only difference being that the temperature is determined at a distance from the radiator: One or more temperature sensors are installed in the room. The sensors are connected to a servomotor connected to the control valve valve. As soon as the sensor reacts to a change in the set temperature, it sends an electrical signal to the servomotor, which opens or closes the valve.

System with adjustable coolant flow

Naturally, automatic control is more convenient, and therefore the question of whether such a device is worth installing in the system is not even raised by most craftsmen. Almost always, the operation of a thermal valve will optimize the microclimate in the room, in addition, it will help reduce costs.

Device Description

Essential elements

The thermal head valve for the radiator has a rather complex design.

Its main elements are:

Thermal sensor.
Sensor drive mechanism.
A valve that opens and closes the lumen of a pipe.

Today, there are models with both remote and built-in sensors.

Devices of the second type are more common (and, importantly, are cheaper), so we will focus in detail on their description:

Main design elements

The basis of the temperature sensor in such systems is a bellows - a sealed and elastic container filled with liquid or gas.
The bellows is connected to a setting spring, which allows you to set the response temperature of the mechanism.
A spring-loaded rod is attached to the bellows chamber, which actuates the valve spool.
The spool is located in the saddle - a chamber inside the thermal head body. When moved to the lowest position, the gasket completely blocks the lumen of the saddle, blocking the flow of coolant into the radiator.

The thermal head for a heating radiator, operating under the control of a remote valve, functions differently:

Two-component device: head + sensor

The bellows function is performed by a temperature sensor, which is located at a distance from the radiator.
Inside the temperature sensor there is a sensitive element that responds to changes in room temperature.
The sensor is connected to the actuator either by wires or by capillary tubes (hydraulic models).
When the temperature changes, information from the sensor enters the thermal head, inside of which there is a rod connected to an adjustment spring.

Mechanism of operation

So, we have figured out the basic design elements, now we need to analyze how the thermal head on a heating radiator works:

The main sensor is a bellows, in which the liquid or gas is under a certain pressure. The adjustment spring is responsible for balancing the device, which compresses the bellows when we set the temperature we need by rotating the rotary handle.

The temperature is set on the side scale

Note! The better the calibration of the device, the more accurately it will respond to temperature changes.

At the same time, the price of such high-precision thermal heads will be appropriate.

As the temperature rises, the volume of the bellows increases (mainly due to gas expansion or partial evaporation of the working fluid).
An increase in the volume of the bellows leads to the fact that the spring fixing the rod is released, and the valve gradually closes the gap in the pipe.
This continues until equilibrium is established inside the device, or until the radiator valve under the thermal head is completely closed, i.e. the rod will not go to its lowest position.

Models with remote elements work according to a similar scheme. The only difference is that either special programmable devices (climate control systems) or remote sensors (liquid, gas or electronic) react to temperature changes. Only after this information reaches the thermal valve mechanism and activates the rod.

Key varieties

Before installing the thermal head on the radiator, we need to figure out which model is right for us. In addition to matching the connection diameter (this point must be taken into account), it is also important to select the valve according to the operating principle and layout.

Straight and angle valves

Depending on what filling is present in the bellows, thermal heads are divided into two groups:

Liquid. Provide more precise adjustment of coolant flow depending on sensor readings. At the same time, the liquid changes its volume more slowly when the room temperature changes. Therefore, such devices are characterized by a certain inertia.
Gas-filled. They react much faster to changes in the microclimate, but at the same time they do not transmit information to the control unit as accurately.

Photo of a gas-filled bellows in a protective housing

As for the layout, there are two standard solutions on the market labeled RTD-G and RTD-N:

RTD-G valves are characterized by high throughput and are used to regulate coolant flows in single-pipe heating systems, as well as in cottage two-pipe systems that do not use circulation pumps.
Devices of the RTD-N type are designed for installation in two-pipe systems, and the presence in them of a circulation pump that ensures forced movement of the coolant is mandatory.

Kit for bottom connection of radiator with thermal head (direct type)

If we talk about the shape of products, then there are straight and angular models. You can also find special sets of pipes on sale that allow you to place thermal valves in almost any position.

Valve Installation Rules

Now we just need to figure out how to properly install the thermal head on the radiator.

In fact, there is nothing complicated here, so our instructions will be devoted mainly to the nuances that an inexperienced master may simply not be aware of:

Diagram of correct device placement

We purchase a valve of the type we need with a diameter corresponding to the diameter of the heating pipeline.
We assemble the device by attaching the sensor to the locking part.
Using a wrench, install the thermal head onto the radiator inlet. Tighten the union nut as tightly as possible to ensure a tight connection.

Connecting a device

Advice! When installing, make sure that the direction of movement of the coolant coincides with the markings on the valve body.

We place the thermal head itself parallel to the floor, i.e. in a horizontal position, perpendicular to the plane of the battery. This is necessary so that the warm air from the battery has minimal impact on the sensor readings.

Properly placed sensor with digital display

Setting up the system can also be done by hand:

We install the rotary valve handle so that the mark on the disk coincides with the selected temperature value.
We turn on the heating system and control the microclimate in the room.
After about an hour, we adjust, if necessary, the selected sensor response temperature up or down, depending on the readings of the thermometer in the room or our own feelings.

Conclusion

Installing a thermal head on a heating radiator gives us the opportunity to automatically regulate the amount of coolant entering the battery. This ensures the maintenance of an optimal microclimate in the house, and in some cases, significant savings are also achieved. The issues of selecting and installing thermostatic heads are covered in more detail in the video in this article, so it’s worth studying it before purchasing and installing it.

Page 2

When operating a heating system, situations often arise when the temperature in one room is much higher than in another, which creates some inconvenience. A certain type of control units helps solve this problem; they can have a variety of designs, from classic options to modern solutions, such as remote thermostats for heating radiators. We will look at the features of each type and learn how to install them correctly.

In the photo: remote options may have a wire, or they may be wireless

Device types

There are currently three design options on the market:

Mechanical	This option as a mechanical thermostat for a heating radiator is the most popular today, since its price is low and its reliability is very high. The appearance resembles a valve on which there is a scale, number 1 corresponds to a temperature of 14 degrees, 2 - 17, 3 -20 and 4 - 26 degrees. This is usually enough to select the optimal temperature in any room.
Automatic	They are an electronic unit that is capable of maintaining a certain temperature in a room, the range is from 6 to 30 degrees in increments of one degree. This option is much more convenient, as it works automatically, but its cost is much higher than that of the first type of product
Remote	Radiator thermostats of this type are the most convenient and multifunctional today; they consist of an adjustment unit on the radiator and a control unit at a distance of up to four meters. This option allows you to adjust the temperature by time of day and day of the week, which is very convenient and allows you to maintain an optimal microclimate throughout the day.

Important! To ensure that the elements you purchase are not only effective, but also durable, you should purchase products from well-known manufacturers that have proven themselves well among buyers and specialists.

Remote options offer a wide range of settings and ease of use

To help you understand what functions this unit performs, let’s look at how it works, and also tell you how to install a thermostat on a heating radiator.

Features of equipment operation

The operating principle of a thermostat for a heating radiator is quite simple:

The thermostatic valve for the radiator is responsible for maintaining a certain temperature of the coolant; it either lets in more hot water or partially blocks its flow, mixing the return to achieve the desired temperature. This is the main operating unit in mechanical designs, but in more modern solutions there is an additional unit.

This is what the valve looks like in mechanical units in which adjustment is made manually using marks

The thermostatic element is responsible for maintaining a certain temperature; it is a sealed cylinder, inside of which there is either a liquid or a gaseous substance. When the temperature in the room rises, the bellows (that’s what this unit is called) expands, blocking the flow of hot water; when the temperature drops, the reverse process occurs, due to which the constant indicator set earlier is maintained.

This is what the assembled system looks like, everything is quite simple and reliable

The question is often asked where you can purchase a thermostat for an electric heating radiator; they are usually not sold separately and are part of the heater design, so you can purchase this unit from companies that sell spare parts or from the manufacturer, because the elements differ significantly depending on the modification.

First of all, you need to purchase a thermostatic kit for connecting the radiator; as noted above, it is better to choose products from well-known manufacturers.

The kit includes a thermostatic and adjustment valve, as well as an adjustment block

It should be immediately said that adjustments are made by the mounting valve during the work, and then the thermostatic head is installed; in order to carry out this process with your own hands correctly, you need to study the information provided by the instructions.

When choosing a tap for a heating radiator with a thermostat, remember that the design can be straight or angular, so you need to know which option is suitable for your batteries.

The thermostat for a cast iron radiator can be made in the form of an antique product

Let's look at how to install a thermostat on a radiator:

First of all, it is necessary to drain the water from the system, otherwise the work will hardly be possible.

Advice! In order not to drain the riser in a multi-storey building, we advise you to carry out work in the summer, when the system is drained and your work will not cause inconvenience to anyone.

If you are cutting elements into an already operating system, then you need to cut off a piece of pipe in order to put an adjusting unit in its place, attach the element to the pipeline and mark the cutting location.
On new systems there is no need to cut anything, so it is better to provide for the presence of regulators at the heating design stage.
First of all, the tap is removed from the pipe, since it is in its place that the structure will be installed.
Next, the nuts and shanks are removed from the valve and locking mechanism, after which they are screwed to the radiator.
Then you need to connect the piping; it is important to do everything carefully and efficiently to ensure maximum reliability of the connections, since leaks in heating in winter are extremely undesirable. (See also the article How to fix a leak in a heating pipe: features.)

This is what a correctly installed adjustment unit should look like

Important! Modern heating systems use plastic pipes, which is very convenient, since working with metal is much more difficult. If possible, try to replace metal with plastic.

If the work was carried out on a two-pipe heating system, then no additional modifications are required, but if you have a single-pipe version, then for normal operation you will have to modernize the design. You will need to install a bypass, this is the name of the jumper that connects the coolant supply and the return line. The diagram shows what the radiator piping looks like in this case, everything is very simple.

Radiator thermostat valves on single-pipe systems without a bypass do not work correctly

For old systems with poor coolant quality, it is better to use the simplest mechanical options; they are both reliable and inexpensive, which will allow you to change them if necessary without incurring significant costs.

To simplify the replacement process, it is necessary to install a shut-off valve in front of each radiator, then you can drain water through the plug from only one battery without draining the entire system, the main thing is not to forget to bleed air through a special valve after opening the water.

Conclusion

The use of control units allows not only to achieve a comfortable microclimate in the room, but also reduces energy costs for heating due to more rational use of the coolant. The video in this article will provide additional information on this topic.

Page 3

How are corner valves for heating radiators arranged? By what criteria can these products be classified? What functions can they perform in the piping of a heating device? Let's try to answer these questions.

One of the radiator piping options.

Functions

The main function of the tap is quite obvious - it shuts off the coolant flowing to the radiator.

It's necessary:

to turn off the heating in warm weather;
for dismantling the radiator in case of malfunctions.

However, no less important is the function of adjusting the passage of the supply line, which allows you to flexibly adjust the thermal power of the heating device. This adjustment can be done manually or fully automatically; in the latter case, the radiator is able to maintain the set temperature in the room without the participation of the owner.

Classification

Angle taps for heating appliances can be divided into categories according to three criteria.

Type of shut-off valves

This parameter is directly related to the functionality of the faucet.

There are three types of products on sale:

Ball valve. It has only two working positions - “open” and “closed”. Ball valves are not intended for adjusting cross-country ability.

It is worth clarifying: strictly speaking, it is still possible to change the permeability of the liner using this product; however, the accuracy of the adjustment will be below any criticism. In severe frosts, an overly closed valve is quite capable of causing the battery to defrost, so to fine-tune the thermal power it is better to use more suitable fittings.

Straight and angle ball valves.

Throttle designed for manual adjustment of heat transfer.
A thermostatic valve that allows you to set a certain temperature in the room using a thermal head and maintain it automatically.

Material

Threaded corner valves are made of brass - a metal resistant to corrosion and aggressive environments that does not form a galvanic couple with any of the materials used in the installation of heating systems. In most cases, they are equipped with a decorative chromium-nickel coating: brass tends to darken with prolonged contact with moisture.

Along with all-metal ones, you can also find on sale a radiator polypropylene corner valve with a coupling for pipes for welding. As you might guess, it is designed for installation with a polypropylene liner and allows you to do without additional fittings - adapters.

Quick Connections

Optionally, the products we are interested in can be equipped with a quick-release connection with a gasket and a union nut - the so-called American one. It is widely used with aluminum and bimetallic radiators and allows you to reduce the time of dismantling the heating device to 30 - 40 seconds.

The American allows you to make the connection quick-release.

In addition: one of the common problems with radiators installed on radiators is leakage from under the locknut. Connecting with an American, for obvious reasons, completely eliminates the problem.

In the photo there is a radiator corner valve with an American valve for PP.

Device

How are different types of taps constructed?

Ball

Their design is an evolutionary development of plug valves that have long been used for gas and water. The water shuts off when the plug is turned, which in this case has the shape of a ball with a perfectly machined surface. The seal of the plug and the rod that drives it is made of heat-resistant polymers with a low coefficient of friction - Teflon and fluoroplastic.

Chokes

The throttling valve is structurally very reminiscent of the good old screw valve, but with a couple of modifications:

The stuffing box has been replaced with a wear-resistant rubber or fluoroplastic seal;
The valve is motionless relative to the stem and in most cases does not have a rubber gasket. Tightness is ensured by grinding in metal parts. This design makes the product extremely wear-resistant.

Thermostatic valve

The principle of its operation is based on the thermal expansion of media. The main structural element is a bellows filled with a solid or liquid substance with a high expansion coefficient.

The rod connects the bellows to the valve, which throttles the coolant flow. When the thermal head heats up, the bellows lengthens and blocks the flow; when cooling, on the contrary, it shortens and opens the valve.

An important point: when installing it yourself, the thermal head must be installed horizontally. The instructions are due to the fact that if the expanding bellows gets into the flow of warm air rising from the liner, it will disrupt the temperature control.

Thermostatic valve and thermal head design.

Dimensions

What should the nominal diameter of the valve be?

The 1:2" corner radiator valve is perfect for aluminum or bimetallic radiators up to 10 sections long.
With a larger number of sections, it is better to increase the diameter of the supply to 3:4 inches (DN20) and make the connection of the heating device two-way - bottom or diagonal. (See also the article Heating pipe diameter: features.)

The radiator corner valve 25 - 3:4 will allow you to connect a multi-section heating device directly to the filling tee.

Price

The choice of one or another type of shut-off and control valves is not least influenced by the cost of its purchase. We will give the estimated cost of different types of taps with a nominal diameter of 1/2 inch in Russian retail.

Please note: The actual cost is highly influenced by logistics (shipping costs from the manufacturer), the manufacturer's name and its country of origin. Imported goods will cost significantly more than domestic ones due to customs duties.

Decorative design can also affect the cost.

Conclusion

We hope that our material will help the reader choose the optimal type of shut-off and control valves for his purposes and budget. The video in this article, as always, will provide additional topical information. Good luck!

o-trubah.ru

What is a thermostatic head with a remote sensor? Thermostatic heads for radiators

If your apartment or house is hot in winter, you have to open the windows. This will normalize the temperature in the room. But the cost of heating the premises is quite high. To reduce them, the coolant must be used wisely. To regulate the heating temperature, a device such as a thermostatic head is installed on the radiators. It effectively uses coolant and saves significant funds in the family budget.

Principle of operation

During the heating season, some homeowners regulate the heating temperature of radiators by partially closing the shut-off valve. This is the wrong approach, since if the fittings are used in this way, they quickly fail. Their purpose is to be in the fully open or closed position only. To be able to reduce heating costs, thermostatic heads are used for radiators.

Their operating principle is completely different. Using a scale printed on the device, the required room temperature is set. When the radiator pumps it to the specified level, the thermostat shuts off the coolant supply. This does not happen partially, but completely. As soon as the temperature drops, the supply is resumed. This is very convenient and beneficial from an economic point of view.

Head device

The thermostatic head has a certain design principle. Some models differ in additions and features laid down by the manufacturer. But the principle is the same for everyone.

The device consists of a valve and the thermostat head itself. Inside the latter there is a sealed corrugated chamber. It's called a bellows. This chamber is filled with a special substance that expands in a certain way when heated.

The system begins to put pressure on the valve stem, and it shuts off the coolant supply. The material inside the bellows can be a liquid, gas or solid. Thermostatic heads for radiators from different manufacturers are distinguished by the type of filler. The speed of the device’s response to changes in ambient temperature depends on this.

The principle of economy

When purchasing the presented device, the consumer is promised savings on heating costs of up to 35%. In different cases this figure will vary significantly. Since the operating principle of the heads is to completely cut off the coolant supply, they are used only in autonomous heating systems.

Under no circumstances should you use the device if your home is quite cool. But when the room is hot, the thermostatic head will be relevant. The main economic effect of its use is observed in the off-season or when the temperature difference between day and night is quite large.

If the heating system is designed correctly, and all its elements are installed properly, the device will be quite effective. During certain periods of the heating season, the savings will be truly noticeable.

Types of installation

There are two main principles of the presented device. The first option involves measuring the temperature directly on the radiator where the head is installed. This is a rather imprecise approach, but it has a right to exist.

The second option involves using a device such as a thermostatic head with a remote sensor. Temperature measurement occurs in the absence of exposure to rising heated currents from the battery. In this case, the sensor correctly determines the room temperature.

Due to this feature, the second type of installation is preferable. If the sensor is positioned correctly, the measurements will be correct. This is especially noticeable in winter, when the coolant temperature is high. Significant heat radiation comes from radiators and pipes. It can lead to errors when determining heating with a conventional head.

How does the device work?

There are many manufacturers offering the products presented to consumers. But the thermostatic head of Danfoss, Giacomini, Purino, etc. is quite different in operating principle. Therefore, their ideal functions should be considered.

Let's say the user has set the required room temperature to +23 degrees. For different manufacturers, this mark on the head may be indicated by a number, a dot, etc. As soon as the heating reaches a given level, the substance in the bellows expands, pressing on the valve stem. When the room temperature is +24 degrees, the supply of coolant to the radiator stops. The room becomes cooler. When the temperature drops by 1 degree, battery operation resumes. In this case, +22 degrees is determined in the room. But in reality everything may be somewhat different.

Installation

In order for the device to work correctly, the installation of the thermostatic head must be carried out strictly according to the manufacturer's instructions. The valve is installed on the water supply pipe to the radiator. The head should not be positioned vertically, but horizontally. This will allow it to better capture the air temperature in the room.

The radiator should not be installed deep into a niche under the window sill. If the batteries are covered by a decorative panel or thick curtains, the use of a remote sensor is extremely necessary. This element should be positioned so that nothing obscures it.

The installation location must be carefully considered, otherwise an error in temperature measurement will lead to hypothermia of the room. An incorrectly installed sensor significantly reduces the speed of the device’s response to heating the air in the room. By strictly following the manufacturer's recommendations, you can carry out the installation yourself.

Device selection

The thermostatic head, the price of which depends on many parameters, comes with different bellows fillers. The cheapest varieties have a solid substance inside. Its response speed to temperature changes is quite low. Therefore, it is better not to skimp on quality and purchase more effective products. Manufacturers such as Giacomini, Purmo (500-700 rubles) use liquid as a bellows filler. Such devices quickly adapt to the conditions around them.

One of the best sellers today is the Danfoss thermostatic head, costing 1000-1500 rubles. Its work is due to the influence of a gaseous substance. When the device is installed correctly, its operation is closest to the ideal option. Gas reacts faster than other bellows fillers to changes in heating in the room. Therefore, setting up the heating system is much faster.

Having familiarized yourself with such a device as a thermostatic head, we can conclude that it is necessary for a properly designed autonomous heating system. It is better not to skimp on the quality of this device, otherwise the effect of its use will be minimal.

Herz thermostat.

Thermal head for a heating radiator is a device that allows you to maintain the required temperature in the room with high accuracy (±1°C).

The use of thermostatic valves allows for more economical use of thermal energy. Depending on the settings and ambient temperature, the thermostatic head increases or decreases the flow of coolant into an individual radiator. As a result of this, not only comfortable conditions are created in the room, but also due to the fact that the room does not overheat, thermal energy is saved (depending on the model, savings can be 10-20%).

Thermal head device

The thermostatic head is a hot-stamped white (black, grey, gold or transparent) plastic housing containing a bellows container (bellows, thermal bulb) made of galvanized steel or brass. The container is filled with ethyl acetate or toluene - substances with a high coefficient of thermal expansion. Some manufacturers use gas condensate as a filler for bellows containers (for example, in Danfoss RTD models), which has the highest response rate to changes in room temperature.

Thermostatic fittings on the distribution manifold for underfloor heating.

Note! There are models that use wax as a thermoelement, which also has a high expansion coefficient.

The thermal head is used in conjunction with a thermostatic radiator valve (valve).

A polypropylene or stainless steel rod, under the influence of a substance in the bellows, narrows or increases the cross-section of the valve passage channel, thereby regulating the volume of coolant entering the radiator.

At the top of the case there is a locking element that allows you to fix the settings.

Some manufacturers use a metal-to-metal cone-shaped connection without gaskets to connect the valve to the pipeline. This solution allows you to increase the service life and reliability of the connection, especially at high temperatures and chemically aggressive, contaminated coolant. However, to prevent dents and scratches from appearing on the metal, it is recommended to lubricate the contacting surfaces with technical grease before installation. O-rings and gaskets deteriorate relatively quickly, increasing the likelihood of leaks. In addition, the absence of sealing materials allows for frequent dismantling/installation of the connection.

The thermal head for the heating radiator is equipped with a safety system that protects the heating device from freezing. For example, if the room temperature drops to +5°C - +8°C (different models have their own minimum temperature level), the thermal head automatically raises the rod, thereby releasing coolant into the radiator.

The principle of operation of the thermal head

The air temperature next to the thermal head affects the state of the substance in the bellows container. By increasing or decreasing in volume, the substance affects the position of the rod, thereby regulating the volume of coolant entering the radiator.

Danfoss thermostat on a panel radiator.

If the air temperature in the room rises, the substance in the bellows begins to expand, squeezing out the rod, which in turn reduces the cross-section of the channel, and the volume of coolant entering the radiator is reduced. When the temperature drops, the reverse process occurs: the substance in the bellows is compressed, due to which the rod rises, increasing the cross-section of the channel, and the volume of incoming coolant increases.

The opening and closing of the stem is facilitated by two stainless steel springs: one returns the stem after closing the valve, the other after opening.

Valtec VT.5000.0. Liquid, bellows filler – toluene.

Note! One of the most common problems is sticking of moving elements when they are inactive for a long time (or if the settings have been fixed for a long period of time). This is especially true for thermostatic valves with a pressure force on the rod of up to 2 kg. To solve this problem, devices with a pressure force of 4 kg should be installed. In addition, after the end of the heating season, it is recommended to remove the thermal heads from the valves, which will extend their service life.

For the thermal head to function properly, it must be periodically cleaned of dust and dirt. Please remember that cleaning agents and abrasives should not be used for cleaning.

Thermostatic element RTR 7091 for Danfoss radiator valve.

Installing a thermal head on a radiator

The connection of each specific thermal head model must be carried out in accordance with the manufacturer’s recommendations, which are indicated in the operating instructions. However, we can highlight general installation requirements that are typical for most models:

Direct sunlight should not fall on the body, because this will lead to incorrect operation of the device;
Various interior items (furniture, protective boxes, curtains, window sills, etc.) should not “hide” the thermal head of the heating radiator from the rest of the room. In addition, it should not be located above rising currents of heated air (for example, above heating pipes). Otherwise, the air temperature near the head will be higher than the temperature in the rest of the room;

Danfoss thermostatic head on a steel panel radiator.

Advice! If, however, the thermostatic fittings are covered by any piece of furniture, then it is recommended to use a thermal head with a remote sensor. The sensor is mounted on the wall, in a place where it is not exposed to heat from heating system elements, direct sunlight, drafts, etc. The sensor is connected to the head using a capillary tube 2-3 m long (maximum 8 m).

If the thermostatic head is in an almost closed position, then for proper circulation of the coolant through the heating system, it is recommended to install a bypass valve, either between the supply and return;
The thermostatic valve body must not experience any pressure from the connected piping.

Video

An old-type heating system, as well as new equipment, must be equipped with modern devices that are responsible not only for ease of use, energy savings, but also safety in use. In this case, one of the most useful elements will be the thermostat. It is the thermal head for the heating radiator that will help to regularly monitor and adjust the heating system inside a house or apartment by increasing or decreasing the fluid pressure in the battery.

It so happens that when building houses, developers do not pay enough attention to the proper installation of the heating system, since in most cases the radiator does not have a coolant temperature regulator. However, today, due to rising heating prices, every property owner is trying to reduce utility costs. This is where installing a thermal head on a heating radiator will help.

What does the unit consist of?

The design is a compact equipment consisting of two main parts: a brass valve and a thermostat, which is highly sensitive to temperature changes. The element functions independently, as a single mechanism, which does not require additional wiring of any type of energy.

Device and design diagram

The inside of the head is filled with a special mixture that reacts to the temperature of the air in the house or room. This substance is often used as a gaseous or liquid material.

What else is included in the package of the thermal head?

Cap with temperature gradation;
Safety installation;
Oil seals;
valves;
Pass-through element connected to the battery and supply pipeline.

VIDEO: Room thermostat. Comparison of temperature control methods

How the device works

Thermostatic heads for radiators are a sealed corrugated body, also called a bellows. It is filled with thermal substances in the form of gas or liquid mixture.

During operation, as the temperature increases, the gaseous substance expands, as a result of which the bellows changes shape and becomes more straight. After this, the thermostatic valve for the heating radiator is activated, which is regulated directly by the thermal head. When the temperature of the coolant rises, the element closes the flow of water going into the pipes, which leads to a decrease in the temperature in the room.

Basic indoor modes

In the case of a lower temperature, the opposite principle of operation is triggered - when the element located on the battery is compressed, the valves open, which leads to an increased flow of water into the system.

Type and technical features

We have found out how a thermal head works on a heating radiator; now we need to understand the different types of devices in order to ultimately choose the most suitable option.

There are two main criteria by which thermostatic devices differ.

Elements can be:

Liquid;
Gas-filled.

Each type has its pros and cons; in short, the first type reveals more accurate toC readings, the second are distinguished by their reliability and fast operation.

In addition to the type of filler, the system differs in the type of control - mechanical or electronic.

Mechanical thermostat

The installation does not require additional power from external electricity.

One of the mechanical device options

Thermostatic heads for mechanical radiators have the following advantages:

low cost compared to an electronic mechanism;
ease of operation;
independence from any type of energy.

The main disadvantage of a mechanical device is the manual adjustment method using a valve.

Electronic installation

The automatic element is capable of adjusting the water flow without user control. In the place where the valve should be located there is a liquid crystal screen and control panel.

An electronic variety that makes it convenient to set the desired mode in a room or home

Electronic devices have two remote and built-in sensors that detect temperature conditions and convert it into a digital value on the screen.

In addition to the ability to program the temperature in the house for certain hours, thermostatic heads for radiators can lower the temperature in the room in the absence of the owners and raise it in a few hours so that the house has time to warm up when they arrive. Also, if the property is “idle” for a long time, you can set the cool microclimate mode, which will not allow the heating system to freeze in the winter.

This type of shut-off valve, regardless of type, has a choice of two regulation systems.

Disadvantages of the automated system include the need for frequent battery replacement. It is recommended to immediately purchase rechargeable batteries so that they can be easily charged.

How to properly install shut-off valves?

If the device has already been selected and purchased, the next step is to figure out how to install the thermal head on the radiator. Naturally, first of all you need to choose the place where the device will be located.

Often, the battery itself is chosen as the installation location, not covered with curtains, panels and other decorative devices. The presence of interference is a very important factor that can negatively affect the accuracy of the readings.

In addition, the temperature of the device can be affected by:

Sun rays;
drafts;
climate control equipment installed nearby.

There is another option for the location of the equipment - an area on the horizontal section of the system, located in front of the battery itself.

If the heating system is of a two-pipe type, stepping back a little from the battery, you need to install a bypass. In a two-pipe device, installation is carried out directly on the upper supply pipeline.

Main installation steps:

All coolant is drained.
A bypass is installed on a single-pipe device; otherwise, the stage is skipped.
The thermal head is installed into the threaded hole in the battery.
The thread is wrapped with FUM tape to improve tightness.
The device is being installed. It is important to position the device correctly, following the designating arrows on the body, which must be in the same direction as the water flow, otherwise the thermostatic valve for the heating radiator may fail or simply lose its operational features.

Popular brands

Among the entire range of products, we will highlight those that are most popular:

German Kermi panels, equipped with Oventrop fittings

Kermi FKV and Kermi FKO

Russian bimetallic Rifar, fittings included

Rifar and model range varieties

Zehnder - the most stylish cast iron

Domestic panel panels Prado

Prado Classic 22x500x1200 (2622 W) steel

Separately, a list of high quality shut-off valves in the middle price category:

Oventrop fittings

"Oventrop" (made in Germany);

CE series – single-pipe;
ZB – two-pipe;
ZBU – universal;
F – equipped with a soft seal, material of manufacture – brass and soft seal;
UNI is a standard circuit with a built-in valve.

Danfoss (made in Denmark):

RA5062;
RA5065;
RA2920;
RA2940;
RA2994;
RA5068;
RA5074.

Arranged in order of increasing power, they differ from each other in structure.

These two manufacturers today are the absolute leaders, whose activities are aimed at saving the owner’s energy resources. This applies not only to users, but also to saving resources in general.

VIDEO: How to install and configure a thermostat on a radiator

www.portaltepla.ru

Thermal head for heating radiator

Herz thermostat.

Thermal head for a heating radiator is a device that allows you to maintain the required temperature in the room with high accuracy (±1°C).

Thermal head device

Thermostatic fittings on the distribution manifold for underfloor heating.

Note! There are models that use wax as a thermoelement, which also has a high expansion coefficient.

The thermal head is used in conjunction with a thermostatic radiator valve (valve).

At the top of the case there is a locking element that allows you to fix the settings.

Thermostatic head device. Model Danfoss RTD-N.

The principle of operation of the thermal head

Danfoss thermostat on a panel radiator.

The opening and closing of the stem is facilitated by two stainless steel springs: one returns the stem after closing the valve, the other after opening.

Note! One of the most common problems with thermostats is sticking of moving elements when they are inactive for a long time (or if the settings have been fixed for a long period of time). This is especially true for thermostatic valves with a pressure force on the rod of up to 2 kg. To solve this problem, devices with a pressure force of 4 kg should be installed. In addition, after the end of the heating season, it is recommended to remove the thermal heads from the valves, which will extend their service life.

For the thermal head to function properly, it must be periodically cleaned of dust and dirt. Please remember that cleaning agents and abrasives should not be used for cleaning.

Thermostatic element RTR 7091 for Danfoss radiator valve.

Installing a thermal head on a radiator

Correct installation of the thermal head.

Direct sunlight should not fall on the body, because this will lead to incorrect operation of the device;
Various interior items (furniture, protective boxes, curtains, decorative radiator grilles, window sills, etc.) should not “hide” the thermal head of the heating radiator from the rest of the room. In addition, it should not be located above rising currents of heated air (for example, above heating pipes). Otherwise, the air temperature near the head will be higher than the temperature in the rest of the room;

Danfoss thermostatic head on a steel panel radiator.

If the thermostatic head is in an almost closed position, then for proper circulation of coolant through the heating system, it is recommended to install a bypass valve or a bypass line between the supply and return;
The thermostatic valve body must not experience any pressure from the connected piping.

Video

otoplenie-guide.ru

Operating principle of a thermal head for a heating radiator: 4 features of the element

Older heating systems lacked a thermostat. In the 90s, the use of these devices began, and the new product was appreciated by specialists and ordinary users.

Thermostatic kit for heating radiator

Using the device, you can not only regulate the temperature of a separate room, but also, if necessary, turn off the water supply. This is convenient if you need to replace part of the system - you don’t have to completely drain the water and stop heating the house.

Definition and design of a thermal head for a heating radiator

What is a thermostat? This term refers to mechanisms designed to regulate the temperature of the heating system.

Thermostat

The device consists of the following parts:

Thermostatic element is a corrugated cylinder or head containing a thermostatic compound.
Valve. It is used when adjusting the flow of liquid, reducing or increasing it. There are 2 types of valves: RTD-G and RTD-N. The first is used in a single-pipe heating system. The second is for two-pipe heating or if there is a double pump in the house.

The thermostat works as follows: when the water in the pipe is heated, the composition expands and the size of the cylinder changes. The thermostatic head moves the valve stem, reducing the flow of fluid.

Depending on the type of adjustment, the devices are divided into:

Mechanical temperature controller. The adjustment is made by the valve.
Mechanical devices connected to the network. They are adjusted by a handle, but the key is closed by an electronic system.
Mechanisms with electric servo drive. The signal is transmitted from the thermostat located in the room, after which the servo drive regulates the water supply.
Electronic devices. The water temperature is controlled by buttons.

Thermostatic valves: types, selection, principle of operation

Manufacturers offer various types of valves. It all depends on how the pipes are connected to the radiators.

Direct valves - used when connecting the pipe directly to the battery near the surface of the walls.
Corner - the pipe is supplied from under the floor.
Axial - connection is made from the wall surface.

Electronic battery regulator

The heating valve with thermostat operates without a power connection. The composition inside the thermostatic cylinder increases in volume when exposed to high temperatures and decreases when lowered. If the room is cold, the valve increases the flow of hot water; if it is hot, it reduces it.

By turning the handle on the head with a scale from 1 to 5, the desired temperature is set. A comfortable temperature for a person is considered to be 20–23 degrees, higher – 25 for a bathroom. At position 1, the thermostat maintains a temperature of approximately 6 degrees so that the water does not freeze; position 5 means that the system is operating at full power. The thermostatic valve allows you to save 25% of heat, resulting in lower costs.

We will separately consider a three-way thermostatic valve for a radiator.

Three-way mechanisms are:

Standard, mixing.
With thermostatic function.

Of particular note is the three-way valve with thermal head. According to the principle of operation, it resembles a mixer: mixing, switching liquid flows. When the handle is turned 50 degrees, the two flows are mixed evenly, since the inlet valves are equal. If you turn the handle 100 degrees, the first valve closes completely and blocks the flow.

Three way thermostatic mixing valve comes in:

with hydraulic drive;
pneumatic drive;
electric drive.

A three-way valve on a heating system with a thermostat function differs from the standard three-way model in that it maintains the temperature at a given level.

Thermostatic head: operating principle

The thermal head for the heating radiator works in conjunction with the valve. Fixation is carried out using a nut. The thermal head for a heating radiator consists of:

from a sealed cylinder;
bellows with a thermostatic component;

The method of operation is simple: when the liquid heats up, the bellows enlarges, moves the valve and it reduces the supply of hot water. The mechanism regulates the temperature range from 6 degrees to 30.

Thermostatic head for setting the optimal temperature

The thermostatic head comes in the following types:

gas condensate;
liquid.

When choosing, you should take into account: different heads are used in liquid and gas condensate thermostats.

The first ones are filled with acetone or toluene, while the gas condensate ones are filled with liquefied gas. The latter are more sensitive to temperature fluctuations.

The temperature level is shown by sensors connected to the cylinder.

Sensors on the heads admit the following types:

remote;
built-in

Remote sensors are connected to the mechanism with a special tube; built-in sensors are mounted in the thermostat. A room thermostat is also produced, which is installed separately. It measures the room temperature and transmits a signal to the thermostat. Thermal head for a heating radiator with temperature control is very convenient in using the heating system.

Thermostatic kits: price corresponds to quality

Strictly speaking, a thermostatic kit is a device that includes: a cylinder, a valve, a thermostat with temperature control, which by rotating manually sets the thermal conditions of the room. Afterwards, the device supports it automatically.

In addition, the kit may include:

Radiator plugs.
American for connecting the battery;
Mounting brackets.

The thermostat allows you to maintain the temperature at a comfortable level for a person. During the day – 20–23 degrees, at night – 18.

One of the alternative temperature measuring devices is a thermocouple (GOST R 8.585–2001). The principle of operation of a thermocouple is the operation of dissimilar conductors that contact each other at one or several points. When heating occurs, a certain voltage is created.

Control fittings (kits) are installed on each radiator separately.

Correct installation of a Danfoss, Oventrop, Giacomini, Valtek thermostat with a remote sensor

Installing a thermostat on a heating system

How to install the thermostat correctly? When installing it on a two-pipe heating system, the following conditions must be met:

The thermal head for the heating radiator must be in good working order.

Thermal regulators should not be exposed to direct sunlight, close curtains or battery screens. The air directly next to the device must circulate.

Installation of the thermostatic device is as follows:

The device is always installed on a pipe with a hot water supply (in a two-pipe system - the top pipe). A shut-off valve or throttle is installed on the return line. When installing, pay attention to the flow of hot water. The liner must approach the thermostat valve and throttle needle from under the seat. In a different situation, the valve stem will fall off.
For winding onto the thread, linen thread with paint or a polymer sealing thread is used. FUM tape is not suitable.
There must be a jumper on the connections before the throttle. Without it, the temperature in the riser is adjusted.
To connect valves to radiator plugs, it is preferable to use an American one.

For steel single-pipe radiators, a different type of thermostat is used. Its design involves only a bottom connection.

The main problem with installing a thermostat is the compatibility of parts produced by different manufacturers. A similar situation occurs when flat bottom connection radiators with a valve insert are purchased. You have to carefully select a thermal head for it to match the thread diameter and the length of the valve piston.

There are models on the market whose parts are combined with other brands. But although such a mechanism will form a single whole, it is not able to ensure a constant temperature regime.

Mechanism adjustment

Temperature controllers for radiators are started for the first time as follows:

The system is regulated by the return throttle.
The thermostatic tap on the radiator opens completely.
The handle on the thermal head is removed and installed so that the maximum position on the scale corresponds to a fully open valve. The device is installed. Further temperature adjustment is made by turning the handle.
If the temperature on the display is shown in degrees, it is adjusted using a thermometer.

Using thermostats on heating radiators, you can achieve a number of advantages. As prices for supplied heat rise, money is saved. The device pays for itself in 1–2 seasons. Comfortable temperature conditions prevent the occurrence of colds that arise due to frequent ventilation of rooms in the off-season. A heating thermostat is installed in a new heating system and in an existing one. Modern models of small sizes fit into any interior design. The thermal head for the heating radiator must be in the heating system.

trubexpert.ru

How to properly install a thermal head on a battery

1. What will you need for installation?

2. About the operating principle of the thermal head

To understand how to properly install a thermostatic head on a battery, it is important to understand its structure. When the operating principle is clear, installation problems can be easily avoided.

The valve consists of two parts - a control valve and a thermostatic element. Rotate the knob to adjust the temperature. In this case, they are guided by a scale with numbers or dots - they combine the desired one with the mark on the body. There is a distance between the valve seat and its cone that determines the amount of water flowing from the heating system into the radiator. The movement of the cone is controlled by a thermostatic element. It reacts to changes in air temperature in the room due to gas condensate filling - a heat-sensitive liquid. Thus, the coolant flow is automatically adjusted depending on changes in the air temperature in the room. It is kept at the same level that is comfortable for the user, for example, 20 – 22 °C.

Maintaining a constant temperature in the room is the main advantage of a thermal head. To reduce it, you do not need to open doors and windows (this is especially not beneficial for owners of their own boiler room - after all, the resources spent on heating literally fly out the window). The use of control equipment saves 10–20% of thermal energy. And finally, another argument in favor of installing a thermal head on a battery is its fairly simple installation and independence of its operation from the mains.

As you can see, the operating principle of a conventional mechanical thermostatic valve is quite simple. However, the accuracy of its operation largely depends on correct installation. Therefore, before we talk about the installation process, we will tell you how not to install a thermal head on a battery.

3. Frequent installation errors

The most common mistake is the vertical position of the head above the valve at the top of the radiator. Many users find this method aesthetic and convenient. But this negatively affects the operation of the element. The fact is that the hot air rising from the pipe heats the head - the temperature in this place becomes much higher than in the room. The device perceives this as exceeding a comfortable level, decides that the room is hot, and turns off the radiator. As a result, the room stops heating.

Poor installation locations also include areas where the air temperature is very different from the average room temperature. For example, the radiator is hidden in a niche, and a thermal head is installed there. It reacts to heat in a confined space and turns off the radiator. The same thing happens if the valve is located deep under the window sill, is in direct sunlight, is covered with thick curtains, furniture, etc. Another incorrect option is to install a thermostatic valve in a place that is subject to a flow of cold air, for example, at the edge of a window opening, where there are often drafts. In this case, the device will “think” that the room is cold - the heating temperature will increase, and the room will become unbearably hot.

As you can see, the wrong location for installing the thermal head practically negates the purpose of its use. According to experts, it is better not to install a valve on the radiator at all than to carry out incorrect installation.

Remember: the installation location of the thermostatic head should be such that it reflects the average air temperature in the room. Then the device will respond correctly to temperature and maintain a comfortable mode.

4. Step-by-step instructions for correct installation

Preparatory work

Choosing a location for installing the thermal head

Carving pipes

To secure the head to the radiator, it is necessary to cut threads at the attachment points. To do this, threads are cut using a die on the pipes coming from the riser and radiator.

Head mounting

Device setup

Close all windows and doors to prevent heat from escaping. Place some kind of stand in the center of the room, for example, place a stepladder. Place a thermometer on it. It should be at a height equal to half the height of the room. Turn the thermal head valve to maximum. The room will warm up to maximum temperature. Monitor the thermometer readings. The thermometer will rise: as soon as the temperature rises by 5 - 7 °C, turn the thermostat knob in the opposite direction. The coolant flow will decrease, which means the temperature in the room will begin to decrease. Watch the thermometer readings drop. When you see the desired value, for example, 22 °C, turn the thermohead knob to increase until you hear the sound of water in its body. You can remember the position of the handle and make a mark on the body. Leave the thermostat in this position. Some devices have a temperature scale, and during the setup process you just need to refer to it.

Tip: at the end of the heating season, remove the thermal heads from the radiators. Prolonged inactivity can lead to sticking of the moving parts of the devices. Removing them will extend the life of important parts.

Now you know how to properly install a thermal head on a battery and how to avoid mistakes. You can easily cope with this task. All that remains is to buy everything you need for installation - you can do this in our online store. We offer only branded products: radiators and thermostatic heads for them. Don’t forget to purchase the accompanying elements: Mayevsky tap, shut-off valves and other useful little things, without which no heating system can do. If you need advice, call our company manager. He will help you choose everything you need.

5. Useful articles

How to bleed air from a battery? Learning to use the Mayevsky crane

Do-it-yourself installation of heating batteries in a private house

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