Sewerage in a private two-story house - scheme

The material presents a sewerage scheme of a country house, in particular a sewerage scheme in a two-story house. Variations are also presented for single-storey houses and for multi-storey ones.

Nowadays it is rare to find one that will be connected to the central sewerage system. Most people who have summer cottages and country houses install local sewerage facilities. On the market now you can find a huge selection of septic tanks and all related materials.

Design

All construction work, as usual, begins with a project. Don't design everything on the fly and hope everything works out. The consequences of such negligence can be quite frustrating. They begin work in a private house with the choice of a purification device.

There are several options to choose from:

• build a septic tank with your own hands;
• buy a ready-made septic tank, which is completely ready for installation.

If you chose the first option, here it will be possible to save a certain amount of money, but at the same time it will take you more effort to build it. In addition, during the independent construction of chambers for a septic tank, it is not always possible to completely make them airtight, which is fraught with rather unpleasant consequences: fecal masses can seep through the soil and thereby clog it and groundwater.

Choosing a septic tank

Most owners of private houses opt for ready-made septic tanks. For small summer cottages, mini septic tanks are sold, their price is low and they can process a cubic meter of wastewater per day.

Before buying a septic tank, you should familiarize yourself with some of the characteristics that may affect its choice:

• how many people will live in the house. A characteristic that can be called vital when choosing a septic tank. The number of people directly affects the performance of the septic tank. Average, .
• how often the house will be used. It is recommended to equip a house in which they will live permanently with a septic tank powered by biomaterial. This choice is quite convenient in terms of the fact that the drains are easier to clean and solid waste accumulates in small quantities.
• an important element is the type of soil in the residential area. Some types of septic tanks cannot work with clay, because it is not a filtering soil, and can also interfere with the use of a septic tank. The relief of the territory is not the least important, because difficult slopes and hills can impede the movement of fluid by gravity.

Sewerage scheme in a two-story house - piping:

Sewerage scheme in a two-story house with a septic tank:

Sewerage calculations and norms

There are 4 main criteria during all calculations:

1. what pipe diameter is needed;
2. at what angle is the pipeline;
3. how full the highway is;
4. speed of movement of water in pipes.

The efficient operation of the network also depends on the fact that they do not have to be completely filled, thanks to this, a sufficient flow of air is ensured and the water seal works properly and there will be no unpleasant odor in the room.

Do not forget that large objects can also get into the sewage system; a certain diameter of pipes is recommended for them. For example, the pipes of the internal sewage network must be up to 150 millimeters and not less than 50.
Internal sewerage scheme of a private house:

The slope under which the sewer is located plays an important role. If the slope is too high, then the water flows will not have time to wash away all the pollution, but, at the same time, a slight slope will contribute to the creation of sediment.

The entire internal network in private houses collects wastewater from all plumbing fixtures and transports it to the riser, and then discharges it to the external parts of the system.

If the slopes of the relief are too different, and the drains cannot move through the pipes on their own, then a pump is installed. Take care of the presence of hatches on the territory to access the main nodes at any time.

Basic rules for arranging sewerage

A few basic rules that must be followed during the installation of the sewage system:

1. if your network is outdoor, use pipes from. Plastic pipes are now used most often, they are easy to install and the price is low;
2. pipes are laid in pre-dug ditches. There is no specific norm here and everything depends on the climate, the quality of the soil and the depth to which it freezes;
3. for systems with gravity, a certain angle of the sewer should be observed;
4. all pipes are laid on a special shock-absorbing cushion;
5. places where the pipeline turns, and on straight sections, special inspection wells should be installed, keeping a distance of 20 m;
6. trenches are covered first with sand and only then with soil. Sand is compacted well on both sides of the pipe, but this should not be done above the pipe itself;
7. if you plan to use the house all year round, consider adding additional insulation to the pipes - this will prevent freezing and subsequent repairs to the system.

Application. Sewerage scheme in a multi-storey building:

As you can see, there are differences between how, for example, a sewerage scheme looks like in a multi-storey building.