Outdated halogen floodlights have recently been widely replaced by LED lighting systems, which have higher efficiency, but the cost of such devices is much higher.

Craftsmen know how to assemble an LED spotlight with their own hands. To do this, you will have to buy the necessary parts, prepare tools and master simple skills.

Design features of the spotlight

Diode spotlights or LED devices are very economical in terms of energy consumption, require minimal maintenance, and their luminous elements operate for up to 50–90 thousand hours. The devices are suitable for outdoor use and do not deteriorate due to weather conditions, dirt, or dust. The quality of the emitted light is very high.

Is it possible to make a LED spotlight with your own hands? The design of such equipment is quite simple, so you can try to assemble it at home. Serious damage to a homemade spotlight usually does not occur, and anything that breaks can be repaired yourself.

The device will consist of the following parts:

• frame;
• fixing brackets;
• LED matrix;
• driver.

The matrix of the device consists of diodes attached to the board and protected from damage by special polymers.

Electrical specifics of the spotlight

Before starting assembly, it is necessary to clarify the electronics features of the LED-based floodlight. This will help to perform the work correctly and eliminate the impact of high temperatures on the active zone of the device. The fact is that solid-state semiconductors are highly sensitive to such changes, which causes their degradation and loss of dopants. Ultimately, a critical increase in temperature (from +60 degrees) causes a decrease in lighting intensity or complete breakdown.

The design of a simple LED includes the following components:

• anode;
• cathode;
• lens and crystal;
• conductor.

A high-power LED includes a conductor, a heat sink, a crystal, a lens, and a cathode. It must be remembered that the power of the diode increases the risk of premature wear due to overheating. When creating a homemade product, it is important to provide a good heat removal system, correctly divide the emitter into several parts and install them correctly (in series or in parallel). In simple spotlights you can make only 1 emitting element.

It is equally important to stabilize the network in terms of current, otherwise overheating cannot be avoided. The current must be regulated by the applied voltage and limited by resistors on the diodes. When creating a circuit for an LED device, a strict calculation is made: if the voltage is exceeded, the LEDs will soon deteriorate, and if the voltage is too low, they will shine dimly.

Required materials and parts

To assemble a high-quality device, you need to buy all the necessary components in advance. Some can be found in the garage of car enthusiasts, others can be obtained from friends.

1. LED matrix with driver. These are found on old lamp posts that are already out of order - their power will be quite enough, but the burnt out lamps will have to be replaced. It's even better to buy a new element from a specialized electronics store.
2. Frame. It is prepared with your own hands from various available materials - metal, plywood. You can take an old halogen flashlight or buy a new one.
3. Connecting wires. Will be required to connect the finished device to the power supply.
4. Foil. Needed to create a reflector. You can buy it at the grocery store, as long as the density is high.
5. Reliable adhesive and sealant or 2 in 1 product.
6. Cooling radiator. It will be needed to make a powerful spotlight - 100 watts or more.

To work you will need the following tools:

• Bulgarian;
• welding machine;
• drill with drill bit;
• soldering iron with solder.

Sources of light

LEDs are the main element of a lighting device; without them, the main function of the device will not be performed. Their quality should be given the closest attention when purchasing. All LEDs within one device must be strictly identical in type and technical parameters (volt-ampere characteristics).

LED type

It is recommended to immediately purchase a sufficient number of spare diodes (up to 10), which will replace products damaged during installation. Unsuccessful installation is not uncommon, and buying with a reserve will save you from inconvenience.

There are three main types of LEDs:

1. In the form of a plastic capsule with pin terminals. Suitable for creating low-power spotlights and lanterns, they are cheap. The light intensity from such diodes is low. Professionals have special instruments to determine the power of LEDs based on the size of the crystals themselves, otherwise you will have to trust the seller. Working with such LEDs is easy and repairing them is a piece of cake.
2. Ultra-bright white LEDs on a metal substrate. They are used to create high-power lighting equipment; the heat removal system is effective and simple. The cost of such products is low.
3. LED LED matrices. These are high-power LEDs, which are recommended only for professionals to work with. The usual way to remove heat from them will not work, therefore, the spotlight will quickly become unusable.

Housing material

Housings for spotlights can be purchased in an online store or in a specialized department of radio engineering and electronics. Their cost is quite low. You can “shake out” an old halogen lamp using its body as a basis. Both options are good because you don't have to invent a reflector that already exists inside. The price of a simple halogen lamp will be 150 – 200 rubles, and replacing the filling with LED will allow you to get powerful lighting equipment.

You can make the case yourself, but its aesthetic properties will be lower. To ensure a high degree of protection from dust and moisture, you should take an old car headlight. Aluminum radiators are used for excellent heat dissipation - they make high-quality cases.

To place a couple or more LEDs and matrices on one board, it is better to make a housing made of tin or thin sheet steel. After bending the box, the edges are polished and the seams are connected with rivets. The product is primed on top and metal enamel is applied. You can continue to work with the workpiece only after it has completely dried.

Power supply

After collecting the diodes, you need to think about applying voltage. Household current sources are not used; you need a special LED driver that supplies a pulsating stable current.

LED driver

LEDs do not require high voltage (220 Volts) for power supply; 3.2 – 12 Volts are enough for them. If you apply more voltage to the device, you can simply burn it. It is to eliminate such consequences that any spotlight must have an LED driver. Its purpose is to stabilize direct current.

For almost all homemade LED spotlights, a driver for LED strips or interior lighting systems is suitable. It is purchased in advance in ready-made form, the number of diodes is calculated according to the technical parameters and a circuit for their connection is developed. It will depend on the output voltage and stabilization current.

Power supplies

Such devices are used on spotlights that are built on LED matrices. For small devices of low power, you can use power supplies of general household value with an output pulsating current of 0.5 - 1.5 A, a voltage several volts higher than the direct voltage of the LEDs. To stabilize the current, LM317 microcircuits are used, and for devices of higher power - LM350, LM338.

Spotlight assembly steps

The procedure for creating the finished product is as follows:

1. Prepare the case, remove all excess from the old cases to make an empty box, trim the back with foil.
2. If necessary, drill holes in the case for ventilation (when installing a radiator or cooler).
3. Assemble all the LEDs together into one structure and secure them to the base (board).
4. Bring the wires to the contacts and bring them out to the outside of the housing.
5. Install the finished structure inside the body and secure it with glue.
6. For a powerful spotlight, install the radiator together with the LED board (glue it).
7. Pull the wires out and secure them with sealant (this will prevent moisture and dirt from getting inside).

To connect to the network, you must first place the power cables in the right place. It is important not to reverse the polarity of the wires, otherwise the diodes may burn out or not work. A driver must be installed to stabilize the voltage. The joints of the wires are insulated with corrugation or a plastic cover. The finished structure is fixed on the street.

As a result of such actions, a homemade spotlight with directional lighting and high brightness will be ready. The downside is that with an unstable voltage, the reliability of the product will be lower, since surges can cause diodes to burn out. Mounting two resistors with a resistance of 1 - 2 Ohms will help correct this defect. This will allow you to get a truly high-quality design no worse than those sold in the store.

An LED spotlight will provide a powerful light source with low power consumption. At the same time, you can take into account your own needs - make a shock-resistant case or a portable structure. You can use an old lighting fixture, an aluminum profile or a plastic frame as a basis. You can make your own LED spotlight from spare parts from old computers, and LED lamps are sold in electrical stores.

Design features of the spotlight

You can take an old halogen or LED spotlight and upgrade it with a better light source and reflector. If this is not available, you can buy a cheap street lamp; you will only need to replace some elements.

If the task is to make a lantern to suit your own needs and preferences, you will have to think through the entire design yourself. This is an option for experienced craftsmen who have assembled more than one electrical appliance with their own hands. In this case, you need to select a light source and a current source. It is better to provide cooling so that the device does not overheat.

Spotlights that are constantly used outdoors must be protected from moisture. The glass and all joints of the case must be well sealed. It is recommended to hang a canopy over the lantern to protect from precipitation.

Required materials and parts

The necessary parts for assembling an LED spotlight can be taken from an old computer or laptop. If there is no suitable housing, you can assemble it yourself from a metal profile.

Housing material

Cheap flashlights are made with a plastic body. Their advantage is light weight and low cost. But plastic is inferior to metal in durability; it cannot be used all year round. If you plan to hang the spotlight above the entrance to a garage or house, it is better to make a metal case. Depending on the operating conditions, you can provide a carrying handle and shock protection.

The main thing in the case is the openings at the top and bottom for ventilation. LEDs get hot when they work for a long time; they need to be cooled effectively. Air enters through the upper holes, blows through all the parts and takes away heat from them. Fans blow out exhaust air through the lower openings. This floodlight design is not suitable for outdoor use.

Sources of light

The main advantage of LED lamps is their long service life. They last 50,000 hours, 10 times longer than halogen lamps. With proper placement of reflectors, the brightness of the LEDs in the spotlight will be much higher than that of other lamps.

If you need a bright light source, it is better to take several small LEDs of 1 or 3 W each. For a medium-sized device you will need 20 pieces. The street lamp must have a minimum power of 30 watts.

Power supply

You can make your own LED spotlight for 12 or 220 Volts. You can find a power source at a computer parts store. For example, for a spotlight with 20 1 W LEDs, a 19 V power supply from a laptop is suitable. It is better to immediately buy current sources in a moisture-resistant case, then you will not need to come up with your own protection.

Build process

To make an LED spotlight, you need to prepare:

• soldering iron;
• hot glue;
• sealant;
• power wires;
• reflector.

To enhance the light, use a ready-made reflector or mirror tape.

Assembling the spotlight

Individual LEDs need to be assembled in a circuit directly on the radiator. A cooler from a computer, laptop or server will do. The diodes are attached with hot glue and connected by tracks or wires. After this, connect the power source, check the operation of the light bulbs and fan. It is important to make sure that the radiator maintains a constant temperature; you can use an infrared gun to do this.

The spotlight body can be assembled from an old flashlight, bracket and aluminum pipe. You need to make a hole in the bottom of the lantern for fans. An aluminum pipe will work as a base, and an old bracket can be used as a carrying handle.

Connect to the network

After completing all the work, you need to connect the spotlight to the network and check it. It is better to do this outside in complete darkness in front of a wall. From a great distance, you need to evaluate the spot of light that the lamp gives. In the future, the device can be improved by adding a portable battery and a USB connector for charging. A convenient handle with a hook will allow you to take the lantern on hikes and fishing.

External lighting at night is not only an important component of the comfort of various households, but also a necessary element of the security system. To organize outdoor lighting, floodlights are most often used, illuminating large areas and participating in the illumination of structures. Trading platforms offer a wide range of such products, but it will not be difficult to make an LED spotlight with your own hands.

Scope and device

The word "spotlight" was borrowed from Latin. Literally, projectus means thrown forward. This concept refers to a device that emits light by redistributing and focusing the visible energy of a radiation source located inside it. The first prototype of such a device was developed by the Italian inventor Leonardo da Vinci, and it was first created by the Russian mechanic-inventor Ivan Petrovich Kulibin.

The devices in question were originally used for installation on lighthouses, protected areas and in the film industry. They used a high-power incandescent light bulb as a light source. The designs differed: large dimensions, low efficiency, increased heating.

With the development of semiconductor devices and the advent of high-power LEDs, a new era in the use of floodlights has begun. Due to their unpretentious design and economical use of energy, they began to be used not only in industrial and municipal facilities, but also in private households. Today they can be found on the facades of various residential and administrative buildings., tunnels, bridges. They illuminate architectural monuments, banners, paths, entrances and exits.

Device design

By design, an LED floodlight is not a complex device. It can use either one powerful light-emitting diode (LED) or a group of them. To fix the device on various surfaces, a bracket is used, which in most cases is an integral part of the device.

The following main elements that make up the design of an LED spotlight can be distinguished:

• frame;
• light emission system;
• driver.

When the device operates, in addition to emitting light quanta, thermal energy is also released. Therefore, to protect the emitter and control elements of the spotlight, the product body is made of heat-conducting lightweight material. The housings are mainly made of aluminum and duralumin, but for low-power devices it can also be made of plastic.

The light module is made on the basis of COB (chip-on-board) or a matrix of SMD LEDs. The first type is the most common, as it was specially designed to create directional light, while the second, according to manufacturers, has a longer operating time.

The essence of COB technology is the use of a ceramic substrate on which unpackaged emitting crystals are placed. A phosphor layer is applied on top of them. This approach to production makes it possible to reduce the cost of the product and obtain a uniform glow, in which individual points of the crystals are practically invisible.

The power of a COB matrix can reach one hundred watts, and a well-made heat sink allows one to achieve a practical light output of 100-150 lumens per watt. The service life of such a matrix, according to manufacturers, is about 30 thousand hours of operation. COB matrix technology is young, it appeared only in 2010 and continues to develop at a rapid pace.

SMD matrices are a set of LEDs placed on an aluminum substrate. Typically, the power of one such element does not exceed two watts. A large number of LEDs located close to each other allows an average illumination of 110 lumens per watt. Their declared service life reaches 50 thousand hours. A feature of floodlights with an SMD matrix compared to single-matrix ones is their greater luminous flux. This is due to the fact that single-matrix floodlights do not use LED chips with a ratio of more than 1 W per 0.9 lm.

Operating principle

The operation of the spotlight is based on the property of a p-n junction to emit light in the visible spectrum to the human eye. When voltage is applied to a radio element, charge carriers inside it pass through the contact zone of two materials with different conductivities. As a result, the charges collide, and a process occurs accompanied by the emission of light quanta.

The main parameter of the emitter is its operating current. That is, this is its strength at which the recombination process occurs. The operating temperature of the device depends on its value. High heating of the radio element leads to its degradation and failure. Therefore, it is important to limit the amount of current supplied to the light device, in other words, the supply voltage. This is what an electronic driver board is used for.

When the spotlight is switched on to a 220-volt AC network, the voltage through the contact terminals is supplied to the device driver, in which it is rectified and reduced to the desired value. Then the signal from it reaches the light source. The radiation flux is focused by a Fresnel lens or a reflector. To avoid moisture and dust getting inside the module, the housing is treated with silicone sealants. Cooling of radioelements occurs naturally due to the holes and the design of the heat sink.

Floodlight characteristics

The advantages of LED floodlights are their ease of installation, the absence of harmful substances, small dimensions and weight. The luminous flux is characterized by homogeneity and uniformity of luminescence. This type of illuminant has no pulsation or flicker. The devices are resistant to vibrations and can operate at temperatures from minus 70 to plus 45 degrees.

It doesn’t matter whether the spotlight is purchased in a store or designed independently, its main characteristics include:

Self-production

Buying an LED spotlight in a store is not a problem, but it will be much cheaper and more enjoyable to assemble it yourself. In fact, with the right approach, making this type of illuminator yourself is not particularly difficult, given that you can buy everything you need for this in stores. Here is a list of what you will need to construct a spotlight:

Some materials will need to be purchased, while others can be made from improvised materials or even removed from old unnecessary devices.

Emitter matrix and driver

There are three types of LEDs. The spotlight uses ultra-bright white LEDs on a metal substrate or LEDs. Emitters made in plastic cylindrical housings with pin types are unsuitable for the manufacture of powerful spotlights.

As soon as the required number of LEDs or diode assemblies have been purchased to obtain the required power, their installation on the substrate begins. Since the emitters get very hot during operation, you will need to mount them on a radiator. You can use any aluminum or copper plate as it. and cut out the required size from it, or you can use a ready-made radiator from a computer or other equipment.

SMD LEDs usually do not have mounting holes, so they are glued to the radiator using thermally conductive glue. Once all the elements are glued, you will need to ensure electrical contact between them. To do this, using pieces of wire, all emitters are connected in parallel or in series to each other using soldering.

If a large number of LEDs are used, then it makes sense to use series-parallel connection. To do this, branches are created consisting of an equal number of LEDs with a limiting resistor installed in series. Its calculation is simple: the LED voltage is subtracted from the supply voltage and divided by the maximum permissible current.

The last value is defined as the sum of the currents of each element in the branch. As soon as the connection of the radio elements is completed, a hole is drilled in a convenient place on the radiator through which a pair of wires is passed. One wire is soldered to the common positive of the LEDs, and the other to the negative. On the reverse side there is a reserve of about four centimeters, making it possible to freely solder the driver.

Depending on the number of LEDs, you will need to make or purchase a power supply with the required voltage to ignite them. To do this, you will need to know the characteristics of the LEDs used.

For a medium-power spotlight, you can use general-purpose power supplies with an output pulsating current of up to two amperes and a voltage 3-5 volts higher than the forward voltage of the diodes. To avoid voltage surges that can lead to LED burnout, the driver must have stabilization. It can be done using integrated circuits: LM317, LM350 and LM338.

Putting the Elements Together

As soon as the driver and matrix are ready, you will need to decide on a case in which all the elements can freely fit. You can use any unnecessary device of suitable size as it. For example, a computer power supply, an old spotlight with a light bulb. Or you can do it yourself, but this will require plumbing skills.

In this case, you should immediately provide for the possibility of attaching the case to walls or ceilings. Ordinary food foil is suitable as a reflector, and instead of protective glass, you can use transparent plastic, for example, from a CD box.

All elements are neatly placed in the middle. To secure them, the easiest way is to use not threaded fasteners, but, for example, ties or glue. But in case of repairs when elements are glued to the body, disassembling the device will be significantly more complicated. The plus from the LEDs is soldered to the plus of the driver, and the minus to the common wire. The housing has a connector for connecting to a 220 volt network or just a pair of wires.

A test run is performed. If the spotlight worked for about an hour, and its heating temperature did not exceed 50-60 degrees, then you can confidently seal the housing and begin to enjoy the device you made yourself.

: 6 parts required for assembly. How to make a spotlight

Let's make an LED spotlight together with our own hands, everything in detail

With the development of technology, lighting devices are advancing in leaps and bounds. The development of old technologies and the emergence of new ones force us to constantly adapt and modernize our lighting equipment. Now the time has come to put aside the outdated halogen spotlights, which have already become ineffective in comparison with newer LED devices.

Design features

Spotlights based on LEDs have much greater energy savings, can operate for more than ninety thousand hours, and require absolutely no maintenance. They are able to function in any weather conditions, and the quality of the emitted light has become much better.

LED spotlight device

The design of such devices is incredibly simple, which makes it easy to make an LED spotlight with your own hands at home.

The simplicity of the design allows you to avoid any serious damage, and those that may occur can be easily and quickly repaired.

The LED spotlight consists of a housing, a bracket for fixing, an LED matrix and a driver that regulates the operation and supply of electricity. The matrix consists of static diodes, which are fixed to the board and protected by special polymers from external influences.

Required parts for assembly

If you decide to make a spotlight with your own hands, then you probably have a question about what parts you need to prepare in order to make yourself a high-quality device for use.

We have prepared for you a small list of necessary parts that you need to collect in your garage or buy those that are missing:

• Of course, we need the LED matrix itself with the driver installed. You can buy it at a specialized electronics store or take it off an old flashlight. If you use LEDs from a flashlight, then make sure that their power will be enough for you.
• You can select the required housing from any materials. You can make it from plywood or metal, or take one from an old halogen flashlight. If this is not possible, you can buy a housing for the flashlight, it is very cheap. You should select it based on your preferences and how it will be used. If for decoration, then you should make a beautiful and harmonious design of the body. For simple household use, it is enough to use any nondescript floodlight body.
• Connecting wires.
• Material for creating a reflector. Thick food foil is perfect for such purposes. It can be bought at any supermarket.
• Sealant and glue.
• If you want to make a powerful spotlight, 100 watts or more, then you also need to add a radiator with a cooler for cooling.

Assembling a homemade spotlight

To make yourself a high-quality LED spotlight, you need to approach the assembly process as seriously as possible. By collecting all the necessary parts in advance, you have only done a small part of the work.

Let's take a closer look at the steps to assemble a 220-volt LED floodlight.

1. If you are using an old case, you must remove all foreign parts from it. You should end up with a completely empty case without extra cartridges, internal fasteners, etc. If you are installing a radiator and cooler, then you need to make holes in the side walls to create ventilation.
2. The next step will be to assemble 220 volt LEDs into a single structure, and secure the entire mechanism to a single base. Connect wires of the required length to the contacts so that you can easily bring them to the outside of the case.
3. We install the resulting structure in the body and secure it with glue. Thus, you can make a high-quality fastening without damaging the case and significantly saving time.
4. We take the wires out into the corresponding hole and secure them in the hole using silicone sealant. The sealant is necessary to make a sealed structure, to prevent moisture from entering and the possibility of damaging the mechanism.

If you want to make a powerful 220-volt LED spotlight, then you also need to add a radiator. We install it together with the entire LED board. You can also secure it with glue or wrap it with wire.

Connecting the lamp to the network

To connect our spotlight to a 220 volt network, it is necessary to make preliminary preparations. Think in advance about the place where the spotlight will be installed and place the electricity transmission wires there.

Don’t skimp and make them with a reserve; perhaps you want to move or adjust the installation height of the device a little over time.

You will need a power supply that will stabilize the voltage and supply not 220 volts, but 12 or 24, depending on the LEDs you use.

When connecting the power supply wires and the contacts coming out of the device, do not reverse the polarity. LEDs will not work if connected incorrectly. In the worst case, they may fail altogether, and all the work will be done in vain. Carefully insulate the connection point and preferably cover the entire wire with a special corrugation or plastic cover. It is best when it is possible to hide the connection point in the device body.

If you are installing a spotlight on the street, take care about the quality of its fastening. It is necessary to secure the device as efficiently and firmly as possible so that the mounting location can withstand gusts of wind, changing weather conditions, accumulated snow, and others.

Article rating:

proosveschenie.ru

Simple DIY LED spotlight

Today, the entire range of LED floodlights available on the market can be divided into 2 groups: inexpensive, low-quality and branded products of good quality with high cost. It is worth noting that the second group is actively counterfeited by unscrupulous manufacturers from China, which seriously complicates the choice.

In this article we will look at how to make a 220 V LED floodlight with your own hands, the quality of which is several times higher than that of cheap Chinese-made products.

Required parts and materials

All materials used in the assembly are available in hardware stores and departments selling electronic components. As a last resort, they can be ordered through online stores. The main part is the body of the halogen spotlight.

If the floodlight is planned to be used outdoors, then the degree of protection of the housing must be at least IP67.

Next you will need double-sided rectangular fiberglass foil. Its size depends on the internal dimensions of the halogen spotlight body. To attach the PCB, you will need an aluminum plate, which will also serve as a heat conductor between the LEDs and the spotlight body.

For more efficient heat removal from LEDs, it is recommended to use the thinnest fiberglass laminate.

We will install SMD 5050 LEDs in the amount of 100 pcs. To power them, you will need a set of inexpensive radio elements, the selection of which will be discussed below. To install components on a printed circuit board, you will need a standard amateur radio tool. In addition, the ability to make homemade printed circuit boards, thermal paste and wires will be useful.

Circuit and printed circuit board of a simple LED spotlight

As a power source for an LED spotlight, we will use a circuit with a quenching capacitor, as the simplest and most accessible solution for everyone. Its principle of operation has been discussed many times before. Therefore, we will indicate only the main nuances that you should pay attention to.
At the input of the power supply there is a non-polar capacitor with a capacity of 1 µF for 400 or 630 volts. A 1 MΩ resistor is connected in parallel with it. You can connect any other resistor with a power of 0.25 W or more with a resistance of 240–1000 kOhm. Next comes a diode bridge assembled on four inexpensive 1N4007 diodes (Ipr = 1 A, Urev = 1000 V). It can be replaced with a diode assembly with the same parameters. The rectified voltage is smoothed out by a 10 µF 400 V polar capacitor.

The LEDs on the floodlight's printed circuit board are divided into two series-connected groups of 50 pcs. in each. The LED circuit does not use limiting resistors.

When connecting the power source to the LEDs, a multimeter was installed between them in current measurement mode. The result showed 38 mA in both branches or 19 mA in each, which corresponds to the previously calculated data. At a mains voltage of 220 volts, the current through each LED will not exceed the nominal value of 20 mA.

The printed circuit board is manufactured in a standard way using a laser printer and does not require special precision. The reverse side of the board remains untinned for better heat dissipation. The mounting holes must be placed so as to ensure reliable contact with the radiator.

LED spotlight board in Sprint Layout 6.0 file: LED-plata.lay6

Build process

Let's start assembling the spotlight by installing LEDs on the printed circuit board. To do this, you can use either a soldering station or a simple low-power soldering iron.
Upon completion, you should check the correct installation and functionality of each LED separately, using a multimeter in test mode.

The next step in assembling an LED spotlight with your own hands is soldering the power supply using a hinged method. The location of the radio components must be thought out so that they fit in the compartment where the power cable is inserted. To avoid short circuits, we insulate the exposed areas with heat shrink tubing. We check the performance of the power supply first at idle, and then with a load (LEDs).
After a successful short-term start-up, we move on to the final assembly of the LED spotlight. First, we make a radiator in the form of a corner from an aluminum plate.
In such a way that one of its shelves is adjacent to the inner wall of the spotlight, and a board with LEDs is attached to the second.
In order to increase heat transfer at the contact points, we apply thermal paste, after which we carry out final assembly.

Pros and cons of the design

A clear advantage of the design is the ease of assembly and availability of the parts used. As a result of the operations carried out, a homemade directional LED spotlight was obtained using SMD 5050 LEDs with a luminous efficiency of 18 lm each. In total, the luminous flux of a homemade spotlight will be approximately 1600–2000 lm. The exact value of illumination must be measured with a lux meter. It depends on the load current and the color temperature of the LEDs used.

The absence of a limiting resistor is a minus of the considered electrical circuit, due to which its reliability in regions with unstable network voltage is sharply reduced. A significant voltage surge will cause the LEDs to burn out. Therefore, we recommend slightly improving your homemade spotlight by adding two 1-2 Ohm resistors to its power supply. Don't forget that LED lighting continues to progress, offering new models of solid-state light sources. In particular, the place of SMD LEDs can be taken by a COB matrix, the retail price of which is already available to a wide range of consumers. The COB matrix simplifies installation, reduces the size of the board, and reduces the overall production time of the spotlight at home.

But the heat will have to be removed from the multi-chip chip using a fan, which means the power supply will have to be modified. For these purposes, a computer cooler is suitable, for which there is enough space inside the case. But in this case, the spotlight cannot be used outdoors.

Another progressive step will be the replacement of copper-plated textolite with aluminum foil. In fact, this three-layer material is made of textolite, on one side of which copper is applied for etching printed conductors, and on the other - aluminum for heat dissipation. It is ideal for building modern high-power LED lights and floodlights.

Summing up, I would like to note that every person who is “friendly” with a soldering iron and electricity can construct a homemade spotlight using LEDs. And assembling such a homemade device will not only decorate your leisure time, but will also become an economical lighting device in the household.

Read also

ledjournal.info

LED spotlight - assemble it yourself + video instructions

Since ancient times, humanity has sought to master light and use it for its own benefit, because, unlike some animals, not possessing special night vision, man became vulnerable at night. Progress has the peculiarity of accelerating in a geometric sequence; this statement absolutely applies to the development of lighting technology. For a long time, before the invention of electricity, the only source of light was live fire, then incandescent lamps appeared, and a new era began. Gradually, new types of lamps appeared - fluorescent, halogen, until finally the most modern and technologically advanced light source appeared - LEDs. At first they were imperfect and not nearly as reliable as they are now, and they were very expensive. The situation has changed - LED modules have become affordable, reliable and of high quality. Possessing excellent technical characteristics and operational properties, they have firmly established themselves in the lighting equipment market. In this article we will talk about a very affordable and simple source of bright, uniform light based on LEDs - an LED floodlight. Characteristics of LED spotlights, how to assemble an LED spotlight with your own hands, how to connect an LED spotlight - we will touch on all this in the process of getting to know this device.

Design elements

An LED spotlight is a lighting device, the design of which consists of a voltage converter, a powerful LED, a radiator to remove excess heat and a reflector to enhance and direct the light flux. It can emit, like standard white or warm light, or be colored, with the ability to change RGB colors. The scope of application of this device is practically unlimited. LED floodlights are used for home and industrial purposes, illumination of country houses and cottages, illumination of entrances and parking lots.

Advantages of diodes over halogen, fluorescent, energy-saving and incandescent lamps

Flashlights based on LED modules have a number of technical and operational advantages over outdated lamp analogues:

• The main advantage is the low power consumption and high efficiency of devices based on LED modules. Consuming 8-12 times less electricity, LED lamps provide the same brightness of luminous flux. This is a significant cost saving, and when it comes to industrial scale, when lighting in industrial production is carried out, for example, by a hundred 500-watt flashlights that pump out energy around the clock, a 10-fold reduction in consumption will lead to colossal cost savings.
• Quality of light emission. Unlike outdated lamp-based analogues, LED lamps provide the most uniform illumination over the entire area and distance, free from twitching and flickering. This is, firstly, the most comfortable environment for the eyes, which does not pose a threat to vision or visual discomfort. Secondly, ideal and undistorted color rendering, which in many industrial production can be among the main priorities in connection with production activities.
• Durability and reliability. LED modules do not depend in operational terms on the number of switches on and off. If you are using an LED floodlight with a motion sensor, this point is very relevant. Due to the constant response to movement, the spotlight will constantly turn on and off. LED lamps are designed for 100 thousand or more hours of operation, which is many times more than any lamps. Together with the simplicity and reliability of the design, modern materials that are resistant to mechanical stress, a set of these technical characteristics makes LED lights an ideal choice for illuminating any objects, cottages, industrial production, houses, streets and squares.

• Safety and environmental friendliness. LED modules are assembled from modern environmentally friendly materials. They do not require any special disposal methods. When an LED flashlight fails, you can replace the LED module, and simply throw the old one, which has expired, into the trash. Absolutely without any fear for your health. The safety of LED lighting equipment is the highest. It works at low currents, which means that if you decide to make the connection yourself and make some mistake and possibly get an electric shock, it will not be as dangerous as with conventional lamps. As for operational technical characteristics, LED modules do not heat up above 90 degrees during operation, which makes them as fireproof as possible.
• Reliability, simplicity and flexibility of use. LED modules can operate without damage even during severe power surges. The connection is very simple, almost anyone can handle it. The design of the spotlight is also simple and reliable. In order to replace the module when it has exhausted its service life, it will be enough to unscrew a few bolts and disassemble the spotlight body. Next, guided by numerous diagrams and the help of the Internet, disconnect the old module and connect the new one. Then reassemble the housing, place the spotlight back, screwing the housing to the mount on the surface where the flashlight was installed. If you need lighting not only in the standard daytime version, just purchase a color RGB spotlight; it can change color in a very wide range of shades.

There is only one drawback

The only negative is the fairly high cost, which is more than completely outweighed by the combination of advantages. How long an LED lamp will last and the quality of the light emitted will ultimately lead to significant savings in money, nerves, and time.

What characteristics are important to know when choosing

To choose the option that suits you, it is advisable to contact a specialist, describing to him the conditions of use, the required illumination range, the required illumination intensity and other parameters that concern you (brightness and warmth of the light flux, the presence of a motion sensor, solar panels for autonomous operation, etc.) .

How to make your own LED floodlight

If you confidently hold a tool in your hands, you have an unnecessary or broken spotlight, and you don’t want to buy a “pig in a poke” by paying a small but significant amount for a cheap Chinese lantern, but don’t agree to spend a lot of money on an expensive one - assemble an LED spotlight with your own hands. You can even completely solder all the necessary boards; fortunately, there are more than enough diagrams and instructions on the Internet. But if you are not ready to resort to a soldering iron, then the next option is just for you.

Required Components

So, what do we need to make powerful LED spotlights:

the diode itself, cooling radiators, fans (the smallest computer ones will do) and a power board for them (can be taken from a charger, preferably from a high-quality adapter, because we don’t want the fans to fail), an electronic voltage converter to supply power to our diode and adjust the brightness. We will also need, as previously mentioned, an unnecessary old spotlight - as a donor housing, where the entire assembled structure will be installed.

Stage 1 – Start of assembly

We begin the assembly procedure by attaching all the elements to the cooling radiator, which is needed to remove heat from the very powerful LED. The first step is to secure the diode module with bolts using the holes in it. Press the diode firmly onto an even layer of thermal paste.

Then attach fans that will be used for additional active cooling, which will reduce the operating temperature by another 10-20 degrees and extend the already long life of the LED.

Stage 2 – Preliminary performance check and temperature measurement

After connecting all the remaining parts, connect the diode with wires to the current source (converter). Apply current to the diode through a voltage converter to check its functionality. Check the operation of the fans and measure the voltage on the power board for the batteries and the fans themselves, it should be the same. To ensure that the cooling system is operating properly, it is advisable to accurately measure the temperature using an accurate thermometer, such as an infrared temperature gun. The temperature should not be higher than 50-60 degrees.

Stage 3 – Putting the insides into the body

After checking all components for operability, you need to place the entire structure directly into the prepared housing. Don't forget to leave a decent opening at the bottom of the structure for the fans to blow out heated air, as well as at the top for air intake.

Install the board that controls the operation of the fans (I remind you, a high-quality one, possibly borrowed from the charging adapter) and connect the wires from the fans.

Step 4 – Final Functionality Check

All that remains is to check the functionality of all the elements one last time, cut out a reflector to fit the case from shiny metal (or covered with thick foil) and assemble all the elements of the case together. Having firmly tightened all the bolts connecting the housing elements together, you can begin to use the spotlight on the diode module, which you were able to make yourself. Naturally, you need to have some experience in working with electronics, circuits and boards, as well as desire - after all, for many it will be easier to buy a ready-made device. But a spotlight assembled with your own hands, in addition to causing pride in yourself, will have unique technical characteristics. If you use a powerful 100 watt module, it will replace your 600-800 watt halogen flashlight, which would be much larger, overheat and be very dangerous. The illumination range of such a spotlight, depending on the selected reflector angle, will vary from very large to enormous.

Summary of the article

So, let's summarize the above. In order to choose a floodlight, you need to decide in what conditions it will be used - for industrial (warehouse lighting, production) and domestic purposes (yard lighting, cottage lighting), you can select different floodlights in accordance with their technical characteristics, including power and color temperature . Based on them, select a design for the required illumination range; if necessary, select models with a motion sensor, solar battery or other options. If you want to make an LED spotlight yourself, select and purchase all the necessary components on the radio market and, armed with the tools, assemble exactly what you need. The main thing in both approaches is to purchase quality components or equipment from a seller with a proven reputation. This is the key to positive impressions from future use of the equipment.

Video instruction:

samosvetil.ru

How to make a spotlight - do it yourself

Dear visitors!!!

The topic will address the question: “How to make a spotlight with your own hands,” with minor changes. The photograph shows a spotlight whose light source is a linear halogen lamp. In winter, due to temperature changes and the formation of condensation in the spotlight, the disadvantage of such lamps is their frequent burnout.

Replacing a lamp in a spotlight

To get rid of the unpleasant cases of replacing lamps during the cold period, I will propose the option of converting a spotlight with a halogen lamp to a spotlight with an energy-saving lamp. For this you will need:

• energy saving lamp;
• lamp socket;
• fastening of the electric cartridge.

Lamp socket

The lamp power is selected at your discretion. To install an energy-saving lamp instead of a halogen lamp, you will need to do the following with the design of the spotlight:

• remove the electric socket for the halogen lamp in the spotlight,
• attach an ordinary cartridge to the inner end of the spotlight.

Changing the connection diagram

When making such changes to the spotlight, the reflective layer in the spotlight remains unchanged. To install the cartridge, it will be necessary to make a hole in the end part of the spotlight for the mounting sleeve.

A threaded bushing is screwed into the end part of the cartridge, then a bushing with an electric cartridge is secured inside the spotlight (Fig. 1). The figure with numbered fragments gives the following explanation:

1. cartridge;
2. threaded bushing;
3. spotlight body.

That is, in this way the electrical circuit in the spotlight is changed to connect an energy-saving lamp. This example is given from personal practice, when I had to remake a street lamp installed in one of the institutions. Such a lamp (installed in a lantern) served for about two years and I want to say that the energy-saving lamp did not burn out at all, but only a contact burned out in the lamp base. The lamp was repaired by me and is still working (illuminates the aquarium). One of the topics describes in detail the repair of this energy-saving lamp.

In a similar way, you can convert a halogen spotlight to an LED spotlight.

That's all for now. Follow the section.

zapiski-elektrika.ru

repair and how to make, LED and assembly, homemade and circuit, housing

Making an LED spotlight is quite easy, but you should first study the theory. Technologies are developing and lighting devices are developing with them. Modernization of old technologies or the emergence of new ones force us to constantly adapt to them and modernize our lighting devices. Finally, the time has come to remove the old halogen lamps and replace them with LED spotlights, which are easy to make yourself.

DIY spotlight: design features

Spotlights such as LEDs save more electrical current and can operate for more than 100 thousand hours, and there is no need for their maintenance. In addition, they can work in any weather conditions, due to the fact that the quantity and quality of the emitted light has improved.

The main components of an LED spotlight are:

1. Frame. It is made of anodized aluminum alloy. This housing ensures efficient heat dissipation.
2. Diffuser. It is made of high quality and tempered glass.
3. Reflector. It is made of aluminum. Such a reflector is capable of scattering the light stream by 120 degrees.
4. LEDs. They can be used for floodlights with a power of more than 50 watts. The use of LEDs for spotlights makes it possible to distribute thermal energy and improve heat dissipation, and this already makes it possible to use the spotlight for a long time.
5. Radiator. It acts as a heat sink from the LED matrix.
6. Driver. It performs a protection function for optimal operation of the spotlight during voltage surges.

Materials for the spotlight can be bought at a flea market or on the Internet.

The design of the LED floodlight is quite lightweight, which makes it possible for us to independently construct such a device at home.

Also, such a simple design allows us to avoid almost all serious breakdowns of the device, and if such situations arise, they can be quickly repaired.

The components of such a spotlight are as follows: housing, fixing bracket, LED matrix, driver. The driver is responsible for supplying stable voltage, even if there are power outages in the network. The matrix consists of diodes that are soldered onto the board and protected by special polymers from external influences.

LED assembly: what you need

If you decide to assemble an LED spotlight yourself, you will in any case have a question about what parts you need to prepare to make a high-quality device.

The list of necessary spare parts for self-assembly of an LED spotlight is as follows:

1. The most important part of such a spotlight is a matrix with LEDs and an installed driver. Such a matrix can be purchased at a special electronics store or simply removed from an old flashlight. If you use LEDs from a flashlight, then you need to make sure that these LEDs have sufficient power.
2. Select a body for the spotlight. You can select it from any material or make it yourself from plywood or iron, and you can also purchase it in a store. The cost of such a case is affordable for everyone. The choice of housing must be made based on the purposes for which it will be used when assembled. If it is used for decoration, then preference should be given to beautiful and harmonious cases, and for domestic use you can use the simplest case.
3. Wires for connections. Any cable with a cross-section suitable for the power can be used as wires.
4. Material for making a reflector. To make a reflector, ordinary food foil, which is sold in any store, is suitable.
5. Sealant and glue. To fasten the elements, you can use any sealant and glue that is suitable for fastening the elements of the spotlight.

If you are making a spotlight over 220 W, then you will need to install a cooler with a radiator.

When assembling an LED spotlight, everything should be done according to the instructions, which can be found on the Internet.

A homemade LED spotlight can work no worse than the Datasheet afb3hf installation from China. With your own hands, instead of the usual halogen lights, you can install a new power supply and an infrared sensor, which will turn on the lamps at a certain number of volts. The assembly can be supplemented with any detail, for example, a stand is perfect here. However, let's not forget that not only the sensor, but also the halogen unit must be assembled wisely, so you will need a diagram.

How to make a spotlight with your own hands: step-by-step instructions

To make a high-quality and durable LED spotlight, you need to approach the work with the utmost seriousness. After assembling all the necessary parts, you have already completed a small part of the work.

Assembling the LED spotlight must be done in the following sequence:

1. If you use an old spotlight, you must remove all unnecessary elements from it. As a result, you end up with a completely empty case, in which there are no cartridges or fasteners. If you are making a floodlight with a power of more than 100 W, then you need to install a cooling radiator with a cooler. To do this, we make holes in the sides of the case to make the so-called ventilation.
2. Next, we move on to assembling the LEDs into one whole circuit and securing the mechanism to a solid base. We connect short wires to the contacts, just long enough so that they can be led out beyond the body of the spotlight.
3. We install the assembled structure into the housing. The fastening of this structure can be made with glue. Using glue, you do not damage the integrity of the structure.
4. We take out the wires for connecting to the network through a special hole. After this, fill the remaining space where the wires exit with sealant. This is necessary for the tightness of the structure.

If you are making a powerful spotlight, but do not want it to quickly break down, then you need to install a radiator with a cooler in the design.

We install this mechanism in place with the LED circuit.

The number of LEDs determines the power of the spotlight

Such a device can be fixed with glue.

Homemade LED spotlight: positive aspects

This design has its positive sides.

Namely:

• Ease of manufacture and availability of spare parts;
• Since there is no limiting resistor in the design, this is a minus of such a circuit;
• Development of light source technologies.

The next step in modernizing LED spotlights could be replacing textolite ones of the same name with aluminum foil. Aluminum foil is made from three layers of textolite. On one side of such a foil, copper is applied, which removes printed conductors, and on the other side, aluminum is applied to remove heat. This material is optimally suited for the manufacture of modern LED spotlights with high power.

DIY LED floodlight repair (video)

Let's summarize. Self-assembly of such a design as an LED spotlight is becoming increasingly popular. Let us highlight the fact that it is easy to build such a device for an ordinary person who can at least somehow work with a soldering iron and with an electrician. In addition, self-assembly of such a device will save you energy consumption and embellish your leisure time.

Example of a spotlight (photo)

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6watt.ru

DIY LED spotlight

Today we will tell you how to make a homemade multifunctional LED spotlight.

Good afternoon. Today we have a new homemade product - an LED spotlight for photography, construction and other things. If frosted glass is installed on it, it can be used to illuminate the apartment - hidden in the suspended ceiling - the radiator almost does not heat up.

We take a heatsink from the computer processor and glue a 10-watt LED onto it. Radiators are available with a square and round projection.

Cut out the reflector itself from cardboard or plywood or metal
and glue foil on it.
Your spotlight is all ready.
The power driver can be hidden behind the plastic and the power cord can be connected.
I made a reflector out of cardboard. The best thing is to cut the reflector out of the mirror and glue it with silicone. The device showed LUX from a distance of 15 cm in the sun it shows only 50 units.

See also:

Jurei-678

Hi all! I develop, design and manufacture LED lamps for home, garden and plants. My plant lamps work in Norway, Russia, and the Baltic states. I can also make any lamp from metal, plastic or wood according to your sketches. 5 years of LED creative experience. My Skype is juri-1958. Mail [email protected].

New homemade products by Jurei-678 (See all)

samodelka.info

DIY LED spotlight

LED lamps and strips have long been a fashionable and stylish interior item. But their disadvantage is their high cost. Many people would like to install LED devices, but the price is too high, plus a misunderstanding of the principles of their operation. We invite you to assemble an alternative and interesting light source with your own hands.

In order to assemble an LED spotlight yourself, you do not need any special knowledge or skills. Just 30-40 minutes of free time, a kit for LED lamps, a couple of simple tools and your desire - that’s all. Please note that most of the commercially available LED devices, in particular kits, have inflated characteristics from manufacturers. Note that using just such a set as a base you can make an excellent spotlight or flashlight.

This spotlight can be used to highlight the landscape of a summer cottage or private house with light. Also for placing home lighting accents, for illuminating objects at a distance of about 20 - 30 m when using external surveillance cameras. To realize any of your lighting fantasies and ideas! But, the most important thing is efficiency and low power consumption. So your floodlight will use only 6 watts of electrical power.

The process of creation

So let's get started! Take an LED lamp, and carefully study its description and characteristics from the manufacturer. This lamp will be used to create an LED spotlight. It is better to take a lamp that will shine at least 180 degrees with a light dispersion angle of about 30 degrees. This way you will scatter the light flux to the sides and direct it to the sky. This is the most suitable option for creating a spotlight. After all, with the same LED power, you can illuminate objects that are further away! As a housing, we use the housing from any unnecessary spotlight. If you have just a little extra money, you can buy a new case, which is very cheap, or use a case from a kit. You need to attach a new cartridge under the base to the center of the case, preferably with silicone sealant. If you have time and desire, you can attach it using a mechanical cartridge fastener. We cut out a small hole in the center of the reflector into which the base of the LED lamp of your choice should fit. It is important to know that in order to control the direction of the light flow from the lamp, you need to assemble the spotlight until the sealant dries. In addition, the LED lamp with the socket must fit exactly in the housing and with the glass closed, pressing it slightly. Try to route the wires coming out of the socket into the installation box, which is located on the body of the spotlight. We recommend sealing or sealing all gaps and possible leaks with transparent glue - sealant. After completing assembly, check the correct operation of the spotlight. Connect the lamp to the network. Tip/recommendation: if you want to increase the brightness, you can install two LED lamps. There should be enough space in the spotlight housing! As you can see, everything is simple and easy! So you assembled an LED spotlight with your own hands without much effort.

New generation lighting devices are radically different from older models. They are economical, demonstrate high power and require virtually no maintenance.

The steady demand for high-quality light sources has caused the appearance on the market of a large number of products from Southeast Asian countries that are neither reliable nor durable.

A DIY LED spotlight will allow you to get a fairly high-quality product. Let's look at how to make a cheap and fully functional spotlight from improvised materials.

The design of the LED floodlight is simple. The main elements of the device are:

1. Driver.
2. Light-emitting diode.

A driver is a block or power source that receives standard 220 V and converts it into the power needed to operate the LED flashlight. A feature of drivers that distinguishes it from adapters is the emphasis not on voltage or power, but on stable current (for adapters, the main parameter is voltage).

Attention! When purchasing a driver, you need to pay attention to the main indicator. If the value is indicated in volts (for example, 24 VDC), then this is an adapter.

The LED in this case is not a separate element, but an assembly of several units with the same characteristics. They are manufactured using a special technology that allows one to obtain identical crystals. A set of crystals connected in series and parallel makes up an LED matrix or LED-cheap. A distinctive feature of the matrix is ​​the large release of heat, which destroys the crystals and requires cooling or removal using radiators.

In addition to the main components, the spotlight consists of the following elements:

1. Frame.
2. Reflector.
3. Lens.

The purpose of the body is clear without explanation. The focusing lens creates a compact and directed light flux, more concentrated and dense. The role of the reflector is somewhat different than in conventional spotlights. The original LED optics produce a beam of light with an opening angle of 120°. Therefore, the function of the reflector is not so much to reflect multidirectional rays as to compress the flow.

Required materials and parts

You can make a homemade LED spotlight from parts that you have on hand or purchased at a specialized store. It is necessary to think through the design so that all elements match each other as much as possible. It is not necessary to purchase the necessary materials; you can use an old lamp, take LEDs from a broken street lamp, etc. Let's look at what elements are needed to assemble a powerful LED spotlight.

Lamps

The easiest option is to purchase a ready-made LED lamp with a standard base and connect it to the network. But such a homemade product can hardly be called a spotlight. The best option is a matrix based on SMD 5050 LEDs, inexpensive and high-quality, providing a bright, powerful beam of light. They are mounted on a thin fiberglass laminate mounted on a thick aluminum plate, which serves as a heat sink. You can use ready-made radiators with a large number of plates, the efficiency of which is much higher, but the dimensions do not always allow them to be placed in the limited space of the spotlight body.

Read also Choosing an infrared (IR) LED floodlight for video surveillance

Housing material

The body can be any metal or plastic box of appropriate shape and size. The best option is to use a ready-made housing from a halogen spotlight. It is sealed, designed for outdoor use, and is the right size. For people with the skills and capabilities, it will not be difficult to make the case themselves from sheet aluminum. This option will allow you to place a high-quality radiator and ensure the installation of the most effective reflector with an optimal opening angle. You should also consider the installation of switches and the method of attaching the housing - make a socket for the bracket or a mounting strip attached to the outside.

Power supply

Purchasing a ready-made driver will help you make a spotlight with your own hands much faster, but for people who are trained and have certain skills, it is not difficult to make a power source yourself. The main task is to ensure stable current and voltage.

Important! If you have doubts about your abilities, it is better to refuse to make a driver yourself and purchase a ready-made one. Errors in calculation or assembly can lead to fire.

Circuit and printed circuit board of a simple LED spotlight

There are a large number of power supply circuits of varying degrees of complexity. The easiest (and most reliable) way is to use the classic version of the circuit with a quenching capacitor:

This option is a transformerless type of power source, allowing you to get a very compact device assembled from inexpensive and accessible parts that does not require complex setup. The input non-polar capacitor with a capacity of 1 μF is paralleled with a 1 mOhm resistor, which can be replaced with any other sample with a capacity from 240 to 1 mOhm and a power of 0.25 W. They are connected to one arm of a diode bridge, which is assembled using 4 1N4007 diodes. The rectified voltage is further smoothed by a 10 µF 400 V polar capacitor. The LEDs are divided into 2 groups connected in parallel. Each group has 50 units connected in series. Each branch carries a current of 19 mA, which corresponds to the nominal value.

The printed circuit board does not require high precision and can be produced on a laser printer.

To effectively remove thermal energy, the reverse side is left untinned. The location of the mounting holes is selected to ensure the tightest possible contact with the heat sink plate or radiator.

Spotlight assembly procedure

Let's look at how to assemble an LED spotlight with your own hands.

1. Assembly begins by soldering the LEDs onto the circuit board. To do this, use a low-power soldering iron or station. After completing the work, it is necessary to check each LED individually and the entire matrix for functionality.
2. Then the driver is assembled. Usually they use a mounted method (without a mounting plate), since there are few parts. Their location must be carefully considered so that they fit freely in the compartment. Make sure to leave enough space for the power cord.
3. To avoid short circuits, the leads of the parts should be insulated with cambric or heat-shrinkable tubing. The assembled power supply is checked for functionality, first separately using a multimeter, then with a load (a test connection of the LEDs is performed). Detected deficiencies are eliminated.
4. After a successful test switch-on, the final assembly of the spotlight begins. The matrix with LEDs is tightly attached to the radiator. If you don’t have a ready-made one, you can use an aluminum corner bent from a thick (about 5 mm) plate. One shelf of the corner is screwed to the body of the spotlight, the matrix is ​​attached to the second. It is necessary to apply thermal paste between it and the plate for better removal of thermal energy.
5. Then install the reflector. If you don’t have a ready-made one, you can get by with installing aluminum foil, a structure made of mirror plastic or other materials with high reflective abilities. The best option is the use of rigid sheet materials that make it possible to produce a durable structure with a given configuration.
6. The assembly is completed by installing the protective glass or focusing lens. Glass is most often used, since the lens is much more difficult to find and its price is quite high. If you plan to use the spotlight for street lighting, all joints around the perimeter should be sealed from water with sealant.