Kilowatt is a multiple unit derived from "Watt"

Watt

Watt(W, W) - system unit of power measurement.
Watt- a universal derived unit in the SI system, which has a special name and designation. As a unit of power, "watt" was recognized in 1889. Then this unit was named after James Watt (Watt).

James Watt - the man who invented and made a universal steam engine

As a derived unit of the SI system, "watt" was included in it in 1960.
Since then, the power of everything is measured in Watts.

In the SI system, in Watts, it is allowed to measure any power - mechanical, thermal, electrical, etc. The formation of multiples and submultiples from the original unit (Watt) is also allowed. To do this, it is recommended to use a set of standard SI system prefixes, such as kilo, mega, giga, etc.

Power units, multiples of watts:

• 1 watt
• 1000 watts = 1 kilowatt
• 1000,000 watts = 1000 kilowatts = 1 megawatt
• 1000,000,000 watts = 1000 megawatts = 1000,000 kilowatts = 1 gigawatt
• etc.

Kilowatt hour

There is no such unit of measure in the SI system.
Kilowatt hour(kW⋅h, kW⋅h) is a non-systemic unit that was developed solely to account for the electricity used or produced. In kilowatt-hours, the amount of electricity consumed or produced is taken into account.

The use of "kilowatt-hour" as a unit of measurement in Russia is regulated by GOST 8.417-2002, which clearly indicates the name, designation and scope for "kilowatt-hour".

Download GOST 8.417-2002 (downloads: 3051)

Extract from GOST 8.417-2002 “State system for ensuring the uniformity of measurements. Units of quantities”, clause 6 Units not included in the SI (fragment of table 5).

Non-systemic units acceptable for use on a par with SI units

What is a kilowatt hour for?

GOST 8.417-2002 recommends using "kilowatt-hour" as the basic unit of measure for accounting for the amount of electricity used. Because "kilowatt-hour" is the most convenient and practical form that allows you to get the most acceptable results.

At the same time, GOST 8.417-2002 absolutely does not object to the use of multiple units formed from "kilowatt-hour" in cases where this is appropriate and necessary. For example, during laboratory work or when accounting for the generated electricity at power plants.

Educated multiples of "kilowatt-hour" look, respectively:

• 1 kilowatt hour = 1000 watt hour
• 1 megawatt hour = 1000 kilowatt hour
• etc.

How to write kilowatt-hour?

Spelling of the term "kilowatt-hour" according to GOST 8.417-2002:

• the full name must be written with a hyphen:
  watt hour, kilowatt hour
• short designation must be written with a dot:
  Wh, kWh, kWh

Note. Some browsers misinterpret the HTML code of the page and display a question mark (?) or some other shorthand instead of a dot (⋅).

Analogs GOST 8.417-2002

Most of the national technical standards of the current post-Soviet countries are linked to the standards of the former Soviet Union, therefore, in the metrology of any country in the post-Soviet space, you can find an analogue of the Russian GOST 8.417-2002, or a link to it, or its revised version.

Designation of power of electrical appliances

A common practice is to mark the power of electrical appliances on their case.
The following designation of the power of electrical equipment is possible:

• in watts and kilowatts (W, kW, W, kW)
  (designation of the mechanical or thermal power of an electrical appliance)
• in watt-hours and kilowatt-hours (W⋅h, kW⋅h, W⋅h, kW⋅h)
  (designation of the consumed electrical power of the electrical appliance)
• in volt-amperes and kilovolt-amperes (VA, kVA)
  (designation of the total electrical power of the electrical appliance)

Units of measure for indicating the power of electrical appliances

watt and kilowatt (W, kW, W, kW)- units of power in the SI system Used to indicate the total physical power of anything, including electrical appliances. If there is a designation in watts or kilowatts on the body of the generating set, this means that this generating set, during its operation, develops the specified power. As a rule, in "watts" and "kilowatts" the power of the electrical unit is indicated, which is a source or consumer of mechanical, thermal or other types of energy. In "watts" and "kilowatts" it is advisable to designate the mechanical power of electric generators and electric motors, the thermal power of electric heaters and units, etc. The designation in "watts" and "kilowatts" of the produced or consumed physical power of the electrical unit occurs on the condition that the use of the concept of electrical power will disorient the end user. For example, for the owner of an electric heater, the amount of heat received is important, and only then - electrical calculations.

watt hour and kilowatt hour (W⋅h, kW⋅h, W⋅h, kW⋅h)- off-system units of measurement of consumed electrical energy (power consumption). Power consumption is the amount of electricity consumed by electrical equipment per unit of time of its operation. Most often, "watt-hours" and "kilowatt-hours" are used to refer to the power consumption of household electrical equipment, according to which it is actually chosen.

volt-ampere and kilovolt-ampere (VA, kVA, VA, kVA)— Units of measurement of electrical power in the SI system, equivalent to watts (W) and kilowatts (kW). Used as units of measure for apparent AC power. Volt-amperes and kilovolt-amperes are used in electrical calculations in cases where it is important to know and operate with electrical concepts. In these units of measurement, you can designate the electrical power of any AC electrical appliance. Such a designation will best meet the requirements of electrical engineering, from the point of view of which all AC electrical appliances have active and reactive components, so the total electrical power of such a device should be determined by the sum of its parts. As a rule, in "volt-amperes" and multiples of them, they measure and designate the power of transformers, chokes and other purely electrical converters.

The choice of units of measurement in each case occurs individually, at the discretion of the manufacturer. Therefore, you can find household microwaves from different manufacturers, the power of which is indicated in kilowatts (kW, kW), in kilowatt-hours (kWh, kWh) or in volt-amperes (VA, VA). And the first, and the second, and the third - will not be a mistake. In the first case, the manufacturer indicated the thermal power (as a heating unit), in the second - the consumed electrical power (as an electrical consumer), in the third - the total electrical power (as an electrical appliance).

Since household electrical equipment is low enough to take into account the laws of scientific electrical engineering, then at the household level, all three numbers are practically the same

Given the above, we can answer the main question of the article

Kilowatt and kilowatt hour | Who cares?

• The biggest difference is that kilowatt is a unit of power while kilowatt hour is a unit of electricity. Confusion and confusion arises at the household level, where the concepts of kilowatts and kilowatt-hours are identified with the measurement of the produced and consumed power of a household electrical appliance.
• At the level of a household electrical converter, the difference is only in the separation of the concepts of energy produced and consumed. In kilowatts, the output of thermal or mechanical power of the generating set is measured. In kilowatt-hours, the consumed electrical power of the generating set is measured. For a household appliance, the figures for generated (mechanical or thermal) and consumed (electrical) energy are almost the same. Therefore, in everyday life there is no difference in what concepts to express and in what units to measure the power of electrical appliances.
• Linking units of measurement of kilowatts and kilowatt-hours is applicable only for cases of direct and reverse conversion of electrical energy into mechanical, thermal, etc.
• It is absolutely unacceptable to use the unit of measurement "kilowatt-hour" in the absence of an electricity conversion process. For example, in "kilowatt-hour" you cannot measure the power consumption of a wood-fired heating boiler, but you can measure the power consumption of an electric heating boiler. Or, for example, in "kilowatt-hour" you cannot measure the power consumption of a gasoline engine, but you can measure the power consumption of an electric motor
• In the case of direct or reverse conversion of electrical energy into mechanical or thermal energy, you can link a kilowatt-hour with other units of energy measurement using the online calculator of the site tehnopost.kiev.ua:

Convert kilowatt to megawatt:

1. Select the desired category from the list, in this case "Power".
2. Enter the value to convert. Basic arithmetic operations such as addition (+), subtraction (-), multiplication (*, x), division (/, :, ÷), exponential (^), parentheses, and π (number of pi) are currently supported .
3. From the list, choose the unit that corresponds to the value you want to convert, in this case "kilowatt [kW]".
4. Finally choose the unit you want the value to be converted to, in this case "megawatt [MW]".
5. After the result of the operation is displayed, and whenever appropriate, there is an option to round the result to a certain number of decimal places.

With this calculator, you can enter the value to be converted along with the original measurement unit, such as "416 kilowatts". In this case, you can use either the full name of the unit of measure, or its abbreviation, for example, "kilowatt" or "kW". After you enter the unit of measure to be converted, the calculator determines its category, in this case "Power". It then converts the entered value to all relevant units of measure that it knows. In the list of results, you will undoubtedly find the converted value you need. Alternatively, the value to be converted can be entered as follows: "26 kilowatts to megawatts", "58 kW -> MW", or "12 kW = MW". In this case, the calculator will also immediately understand in which unit of measure the original value needs to be converted. Whichever of these options is used, it eliminates the hassle of finding the desired value in long selection lists with countless categories and countless units of measure supported. All this is done for us by a calculator that does its job in a fraction of a second.

In addition, the calculator allows you to use mathematical formulas. As a result, not only numbers such as "(26 * 41) kW" are taken into account. You can even use multiple units of measure directly in the conversion field. For example, such a combination might look like this: "416 kilowatts + 1248 megawatts" or "85mm x 73cm x 76dm = ? cm^3". Units of measurement united in this way, of course, must correspond to each other and make sense in a given combination.

If you check the box next to the option "Numbers in scientific notation", then the answer will be presented as an exponential function. For example, 1.2959999882064×1024. In this form, the number representation is divided into the exponent, here 24, and the actual number, here 1.295999988206 24. In particular, it makes it easier to see very large and very small numbers. If this cell is not checked, then the result is displayed using the normal notation for numbers. In the example above, it would look like this: 1,295,999,988,206,400,000,000,000. Regardless of how the result is presented, this calculator has a maximum precision of 14 decimal places. This accuracy should be sufficient for most purposes.

Measurement calculator that can be used to convert among other things kilowatt V megawatt: 1 kilowatt [kW] = 0.001 megawatt [MW]

Kilowatt is a multiple unit derived from "Watt"

Watt

Watt(W, W) - system unit of power measurement.
Watt- a universal derived unit in the SI system, which has a special name and designation. As a unit of power, "watt" was recognized in 1889. Then this unit was named after James Watt (Watt).

James Watt - the man who invented and made a universal steam engine

As a derived unit of the SI system, "watt" was included in it in 1960.
Since then, the power of everything is measured in Watts.

In the SI system, in Watts, it is allowed to measure any power - mechanical, thermal, electrical, etc. The formation of multiples and submultiples from the original unit (Watt) is also allowed. To do this, it is recommended to use a set of standard SI system prefixes, such as kilo, mega, giga, etc.

Power units, multiples of watts:

• 1 watt
• 1000 watts = 1 kilowatt
• 1000,000 watts = 1000 kilowatts = 1 megawatt
• 1000,000,000 watts = 1000 megawatts = 1000,000 kilowatts = 1 gigawatt
• etc.

Kilowatt hour

There is no such unit of measure in the SI system.
Kilowatt hour(kW⋅h, kW⋅h) is a non-systemic unit that was developed solely to account for the electricity used or produced. In kilowatt-hours, the amount of electricity consumed or produced is taken into account.

The use of "kilowatt-hour" as a unit of measurement in Russia is regulated by GOST 8.417-2002, which clearly indicates the name, designation and scope for "kilowatt-hour".

Download GOST 8.417-2002 (downloads: 3051)

Extract from GOST 8.417-2002 “State system for ensuring the uniformity of measurements. Units of quantities”, clause 6 Units not included in the SI (fragment of table 5).

Non-systemic units acceptable for use on a par with SI units

What is a kilowatt hour for?

GOST 8.417-2002 recommends using "kilowatt-hour" as the basic unit of measure for accounting for the amount of electricity used. Because "kilowatt-hour" is the most convenient and practical form that allows you to get the most acceptable results.

At the same time, GOST 8.417-2002 absolutely does not object to the use of multiple units formed from "kilowatt-hour" in cases where this is appropriate and necessary. For example, during laboratory work or when accounting for the generated electricity at power plants.

Educated multiples of "kilowatt-hour" look, respectively:

• 1 kilowatt hour = 1000 watt hour
• 1 megawatt hour = 1000 kilowatt hour
• etc.

How to write kilowatt-hour?

Spelling of the term "kilowatt-hour" according to GOST 8.417-2002:

• the full name must be written with a hyphen:
  watt hour, kilowatt hour
• short designation must be written with a dot:
  Wh, kWh, kWh

Note. Some browsers misinterpret the HTML code of the page and display a question mark (?) or some other shorthand instead of a dot (⋅).

Analogs GOST 8.417-2002

Most of the national technical standards of the current post-Soviet countries are linked to the standards of the former Soviet Union, therefore, in the metrology of any country in the post-Soviet space, you can find an analogue of the Russian GOST 8.417-2002, or a link to it, or its revised version.

Designation of power of electrical appliances

A common practice is to mark the power of electrical appliances on their case.
The following designation of the power of electrical equipment is possible:

• in watts and kilowatts (W, kW, W, kW)
  (designation of the mechanical or thermal power of an electrical appliance)
• in watt-hours and kilowatt-hours (W⋅h, kW⋅h, W⋅h, kW⋅h)
  (designation of the consumed electrical power of the electrical appliance)
• in volt-amperes and kilovolt-amperes (VA, kVA)
  (designation of the total electrical power of the electrical appliance)

Units of measure for indicating the power of electrical appliances

watt and kilowatt (W, kW, W, kW)- units of power in the SI system Used to indicate the total physical power of anything, including electrical appliances. If there is a designation in watts or kilowatts on the body of the generating set, this means that this generating set, during its operation, develops the specified power. As a rule, in "watts" and "kilowatts" the power of the electrical unit is indicated, which is a source or consumer of mechanical, thermal or other types of energy. In "watts" and "kilowatts" it is advisable to designate the mechanical power of electric generators and electric motors, the thermal power of electric heaters and units, etc. The designation in "watts" and "kilowatts" of the produced or consumed physical power of the electrical unit occurs on the condition that the use of the concept of electrical power will disorient the end user. For example, for the owner of an electric heater, the amount of heat received is important, and only then - electrical calculations.

watt hour and kilowatt hour (W⋅h, kW⋅h, W⋅h, kW⋅h)- off-system units of measurement of consumed electrical energy (power consumption). Power consumption is the amount of electricity consumed by electrical equipment per unit of time of its operation. Most often, "watt-hours" and "kilowatt-hours" are used to refer to the power consumption of household electrical equipment, according to which it is actually chosen.

volt-ampere and kilovolt-ampere (VA, kVA, VA, kVA)— Units of measurement of electrical power in the SI system, equivalent to watts (W) and kilowatts (kW). Used as units of measure for apparent AC power. Volt-amperes and kilovolt-amperes are used in electrical calculations in cases where it is important to know and operate with electrical concepts. In these units of measurement, you can designate the electrical power of any AC electrical appliance. Such a designation will best meet the requirements of electrical engineering, from the point of view of which all AC electrical appliances have active and reactive components, so the total electrical power of such a device should be determined by the sum of its parts. As a rule, in "volt-amperes" and multiples of them, they measure and designate the power of transformers, chokes and other purely electrical converters.

The choice of units of measurement in each case occurs individually, at the discretion of the manufacturer. Therefore, you can find household microwaves from different manufacturers, the power of which is indicated in kilowatts (kW, kW), in kilowatt-hours (kWh, kWh) or in volt-amperes (VA, VA). And the first, and the second, and the third - will not be a mistake. In the first case, the manufacturer indicated the thermal power (as a heating unit), in the second - the consumed electrical power (as an electrical consumer), in the third - the total electrical power (as an electrical appliance).

Since household electrical equipment is low enough to take into account the laws of scientific electrical engineering, then at the household level, all three numbers are practically the same

Given the above, we can answer the main question of the article

Kilowatt and kilowatt hour | Who cares?

• The biggest difference is that kilowatt is a unit of power while kilowatt hour is a unit of electricity. Confusion and confusion arises at the household level, where the concepts of kilowatts and kilowatt-hours are identified with the measurement of the produced and consumed power of a household electrical appliance.
• At the level of a household electrical converter, the difference is only in the separation of the concepts of energy produced and consumed. In kilowatts, the output of thermal or mechanical power of the generating set is measured. In kilowatt-hours, the consumed electrical power of the generating set is measured. For a household appliance, the figures for generated (mechanical or thermal) and consumed (electrical) energy are almost the same. Therefore, in everyday life there is no difference in what concepts to express and in what units to measure the power of electrical appliances.
• Linking units of measurement of kilowatts and kilowatt-hours is applicable only for cases of direct and reverse conversion of electrical energy into mechanical, thermal, etc.
• It is absolutely unacceptable to use the unit of measurement "kilowatt-hour" in the absence of an electricity conversion process. For example, in "kilowatt-hour" you cannot measure the power consumption of a wood-fired heating boiler, but you can measure the power consumption of an electric heating boiler. Or, for example, in "kilowatt-hour" you cannot measure the power consumption of a gasoline engine, but you can measure the power consumption of an electric motor
• In the case of direct or reverse conversion of electrical energy into mechanical or thermal energy, you can link a kilowatt-hour with other units of energy measurement using the online calculator of the site tehnopost.kiev.ua:

Power is expressed not only in watts, but also in derived units: micro- and milliwatts, ah, megawatts. Designations « mW” and “MW” are unequal: the first stands for milliwatts, and the second for megawatts.

Instruction

If the first letter in the designation "MW" is capitalized, the condition of the problem is to convert kilowatts to megawatts. One kilowatt is equal to one thousand watts, and one megawatt is equal to a million watts, which means a thousand kilowatts. Thus, to convert power expressed in kilowatts to megawatts, divide the desired value by a thousand, for example: 15 kW=(15/1000) MW=0.015 MW.

If in the designation " mW» the first letter is capitalized, the condition of the problem is to convert kilowatts to milliwatts. One milliwatt is one thousandth of a watt, so to convert the power expressed in kilowatts to milliwatts, multiply the desired value by one million, for example: 15 kW=(15*1000000) mW=15000000 mW.

Do not express power (and other physical quantities) in unsuitable units of measurement unless necessary. Units are considered unsuitable when expressed in terms of which the numbers are too small or too large. It is inconvenient to carry out mathematical operations with such numbers.

If the value still needs to be expressed in inappropriate units, use the exponential method of representing numbers. For example, the number 15000000 from the previous example can be expressed as 1.5*10^7. It is in this form in relation to the value of power or other quantity that it is convenient to carry out calculations using a scientific calculator, which, unlike the usual one, is adapted to work with such a representation of numbers.

If you are solving a problem where at least some of the quantities (voltage, current, resistance, power, etc.) are expressed in off-system units, first convert all the data to the SI system (in particular, convert power to watts), then solve the problem, and only then convert the result to convenient units. If this is not done in advance, determining the order of the result and the units in which it is expressed becomes much more difficult.

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1 kilowatt [kW] = 0.001 megawatt [MW]

Initial value

Converted value

watt exawatt petawatt terawatt gigawatt megawatt kilowatt hectowatt decawatt deciwatt centiwatt milliwatt microwatt nanowatt picowatt femtowatt attowatt horsepower horsepower metric horsepower boiler horsepower electric horsepower pumping horsepower horsepower (German) int. thermal unit (IT) per hour Brit. thermal unit (IT) per minute Brit. thermal unit (IT) per second Brit. thermal unit (thermochemical) per hour Brit. thermal unit (thermochemical) per minute Brit. thermal unit (thermochemical) per second MBTU (international) per hour Thousand BTU per hour MMBTU (international) per hour Million BTU per hour ton of refrigeration kilocalorie (IT) per hour kilocalorie (IT) per minute kilocalorie (IT) per second kilocalorie (thm) per hour kilocalorie (thm) per minute kilocalorie (thm) per second calorie (thm) per hour calorie (thm) per minute calorie (thm) per second calorie (thm) per hour calorie (thm) per minute calorie (thm) per second ft lbf per hour ft lbf/minute ft lbf/second lb-ft per hour lb-ft per minute lb-ft per second erg per second kilovolt-ampere volt-ampere newton-meter per second joule per second exajoule per second petajoule per second terajoule per second gigajoule per second megajoule per second kilojoule per second hectojoule per second decajoule per second decijoule per second centijoule per second millijoule per second microjoule per second nanojoule per second picojoule per second femtojoule per second attojoule per second joule per hour joule per minute kilojoule per hour kilojoule per minute Planck power

More about power

General information

In physics, power is the ratio of work to the time during which it is performed. Mechanical work is a quantitative characteristic of the action of a force F on the body, as a result of which it moves a distance s. Power can also be defined as the rate at which energy is transferred. In other words, power is an indicator of the machine's performance. By measuring the power, you can understand how much and how fast the work is done.

Power units

Power is measured in joules per second, or watts. Along with watts, horsepower is also used. Before the invention of the steam engine, the power of engines was not measured, and, accordingly, there were no generally accepted units of power. When the steam engine began to be used in mines, engineer and inventor James Watt began to improve it. In order to prove that his improvements made the steam engine more productive, he compared its power to the performance of horses, since horses have been used by people for many years, and many could easily imagine how much work a horse can do in a certain amount of time. In addition, not all mines used steam engines. On those where they were used, Watt compared the power of the old and new models of the steam engine with the power of one horse, that is, with one horsepower. Watt determined this value experimentally, observing the work of draft horses at the mill. According to his measurements, one horsepower is 746 watts. Now it is believed that this figure is exaggerated, and the horse cannot work in this mode for a long time, but they did not change the unit. Power can be used as a measure of productivity, as increasing power increases the amount of work done per unit of time. Many people realized that it was convenient to have a standardized unit of power, so horsepower became very popular. It began to be used in measuring the power of other devices, especially vehicles. Even though watts have been around for almost as long as horsepower, horsepower is more commonly used in the automotive industry, and it's clearer to many buyers when a car's engine power is indicated in those units.

Power of household electrical appliances

Household electrical appliances usually have a power rating. Some lamps limit the power of the bulbs that can be used in them, for example, no more than 60 watts. This is because higher wattage bulbs generate a lot of heat and the bulb holder can be damaged. And the lamp itself at a high temperature in the lamp will not last long. This is mainly a problem with incandescent lamps. LED, fluorescent and other lamps generally operate at lower wattage for the same brightness and if used in luminaires designed for incandescent lamps there are no wattage problems.

The greater the power of the electrical appliance, the higher the energy consumption and the cost of using the appliance. Therefore, manufacturers are constantly improving electrical appliances and lamps. The luminous flux of lamps, measured in lumens, depends on the power, but also on the type of lamps. The greater the luminous flux of the lamp, the brighter its light looks. For people, it is high brightness that is important, and not the power consumed by the llama, so recently alternatives to incandescent lamps have become increasingly popular. Below are examples of types of lamps, their power and the luminous flux they create.

• 450 lumens:
• Incandescent lamp: 40 watts
• Compact fluorescent lamp: 9-13 watts
• LED lamp: 4-9 watts
• 800 lumens:



• Incandescent lamp: 60 watts
• Compact fluorescent lamp: 13-15 watts
• LED lamp: 10-15 watts
• 1600 lumens:
• Incandescent lamp: 100 watts
• Compact fluorescent lamp: 23-30 watts
• LED lamp: 16-20 watts

From these examples, it is obvious that with the same luminous flux created, LED lamps consume the least electricity and are more economical than incandescent lamps. At the time of this writing (2013), the price of LED lamps is many times higher than the price of incandescent lamps. Despite this, some countries have banned or are about to ban the sale of incandescent lamps due to their high power.

The power of household electrical appliances may differ depending on the manufacturer, and is not always the same when the appliance is in operation. Below are the approximate capacities of some household appliances.



• Household air conditioners for cooling a residential building, split system: 20–40 kilowatts
• Monoblock window air conditioners: 1–2 kilowatts
• Ovens: 2.1–3.6 kilowatts
• Washing machines and dryers: 2–3.5 kilowatts
• Dishwashers: 1.8–2.3 kilowatts
• Electric kettles: 1–2 kilowatts
• Microwave ovens: 0.65–1.2 kilowatts
• Refrigerators: 0.25–1 kilowatt
• Toasters: 0.7–0.9 kilowatts

Power in sports

It is possible to evaluate work using power not only for machines, but also for people and animals. For example, the power with which a basketball player throws a ball is calculated by measuring the force she applies to the ball, the distance the ball has traveled, and the time that force has been applied. There are websites that allow you to calculate work and power during exercise. The user selects the type of exercise, enters the height, weight, duration of the exercise, after which the program calculates the power. For example, according to one of these calculators, the power of a person with a height of 170 centimeters and a weight of 70 kilograms, who did 50 push-ups in 10 minutes, is 39.5 watts. Athletes sometimes use devices to measure the amount of power a muscle is working during exercise. This information helps determine how effective their chosen exercise program is.

Dynamometers

To measure power, special devices are used - dynamometers. They can also measure torque and force. Dynamometers are used in various industries, from engineering to medicine. For example, they can be used to determine the power of a car engine. To measure the power of cars, several main types of dynamometers are used. In order to determine the engine power using dynamometers alone, it is necessary to remove the engine from the car and attach it to the dynamometer. In other dynamometers, the force for measurement is transmitted directly from the wheel of the car. In this case, the car's engine through the transmission drives the wheels, which, in turn, rotate the rollers of the dynamometer, which measures engine power under various road conditions.

Dynamometers are also used in sports and medicine. The most common type of dynamometer for this purpose is isokinetic. Usually this is a sports simulator with sensors connected to a computer. These sensors measure the strength and power of the whole body or individual muscle groups. The dynamometer can be programmed to give signals and warnings if the power exceeds a certain value. This is especially important for people with injuries during the rehabilitation period, when it is necessary not to overload the body.

According to some provisions of the theory of sports, the greatest sports development occurs under a certain load, individual for each athlete. If the load is not heavy enough, the athlete gets used to it and does not develop his abilities. If, on the contrary, it is too heavy, then the results deteriorate due to overload of the body. Physical activity during some activities, such as cycling or swimming, depends on many environmental factors, such as road conditions or wind. Such a load is difficult to measure, but you can find out with what power the body counteracts this load, and then change the exercise scheme, depending on the desired load.

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