What is the best way to build an extension to a house? Affordable house extension projects are the only solution for small and cramped houses

An extension requires a building permit, which is issued by the municipality

Is it important for honor to legitimize the project?

1. Town planning legislation regulates the placement of buildings on the site, because you live next to your neighbors, and they also have their own rights.
2. With an extension to the house, its design, area, and finally, the size of the shares changes if the house has several owners.
3. In addition to the legal aspects of protecting the interests and rights of other persons from the law, there are also security issues, which primarily concern the residents themselves. After all, if you want to make an extension, you interfere with the design of the house, its communications, and make other changes that are not in the project.
4. Finally, without obtaining permission for the extension, you will not be able to subsequently sell, exchange the house or conduct other transactions with it. In addition, the illegal construction may sooner or later be required to be legalized or demolished, obliging you to also pay a fine.

What kind of extension could it be?

• veranda;
• balcony;
• terrace;

How to legalize a non-permanent extension?

A package of documents and an application are submitted to the local government body (architectural or construction bureau or municipal department). If there are no violations, local self-government authorities will issue consent.

How to legalize an extension to a private house

There are many reasons why people add an extension to their house - for example, there may be a need to increase living space, correct some architectural flaws in the project, or simply protect a wall from the wind. Not everyone knows that an extension needs documentation just as much as the construction of the main house. Therefore, contrary to the law, owners sometimes build additional structures without permits and, after construction is completed, think about how to legalize the extension. This is not always possible and sometimes ends in the demolition of the new structure. We will tell you how to correctly draw up documentation during construction or how to legalize an extension that has already been built.

Is it important for honor to legitimize the project?

There is a widespread and erroneous opinion that if you are the owner of a plot, then it is your personal business what exactly you will add to your private home. Legal requirements are not a whim of the legislator, but an urgent necessity. And there are several points that limit the independence of the owner of the house. Including:

What is included in the extension category?

An extension is a reconstruction of an existing structure. When it is carried out, you make an addition to the house that was not planned by the previous project, attaching a secondary structure to one or more common walls of the main house. The extension can be of any number of floors, size, etc. In any case, like any reconstruction, it requires a building permit, which is issued by the municipality.

What kind of extension could it be?

Extensions can be auxiliary in nature and do not require additional land. Such buildings are called non-permanent, they include:

• veranda;
• balcony;
• terrace;
• other structures with these characteristics.

All other structures attached to a private house are capital if their construction requires additional land and they are planned for residential use.

How to legalize a non-permanent extension?

Non-permanent structures can be easily legitimized at any time, even if they were made a long time ago. To do this, you need to take the documents home to the local BTI and write an application for changes to the technical documentation. The same should be done if you have just completed construction. The acceptance committee will come to you and draw up a certificate stating that you have completed the renovation of the house.

When you have the documents with all the indicated additions and changes in hand, you can consider the issue resolved.

Important: In order to legalize an extension to a house for several owners, you will need to obtain their written consent to your work.

Procedure for registration of house reconstruction

Now about how to legalize a permanent extension.

You can register it after construction, but in this case you will have to register it in court as an unauthorized construction. Therefore, to avoid problems, it is better to take care of this at the preparation stage.

To do this, you need to prepare the following documents:

• confirmation of ownership of the land for development and the house in which reconstruction is planned;
• plan and technical passport of the home ownership, cadastral plan of the land plot;
• extension project (in the form of a plan or sketch);
• written applications from other home owners for reconstruction;
• written consent of neighbors to add an extension to your house;
• conclusion of resource supplying organizations (gas, water and sewerage services, energy companies, etc.) confirming the safety of connection to communications. If no connections are made, then no permissions are required.

In addition, in some cases, permits may be required from the SES, architectural department, firefighters, etc.

A package of documents and an application are submitted to the local government body (architectural or construction bureau or municipal department). If there are no violations, local self-government authorities will issue consent.

This document gives you the right to begin construction. Having completed it, you will have to invite the state commission to draw up an acceptance certificate, in which specialists will assess whether the structure complies with the project, sanitary standards and rules. You will be given a statement of compliance, with which you will go to the BTI and again make changes to the technical documentation for the house.

The procedure for legitimizing an unauthorized extension

Despite the fact that it is easier to make documents for an extension at the very beginning, many homeowners solve this problem after it occurs. And sometimes years later, when you suddenly need to formalize an inheritance or make other manipulations with real estate. All this is impossible without obtaining construction permits. Therefore, the owner has to register the extension as unauthorized through a court decision, where he acts as a plaintiff, and the municipal authority as a defendant.

Important: In court, you can not only legitimize an unauthorized structure, but also protest the decision of the local administration to refuse to issue a permit for the planned construction of an extension. This is possible even if the local authority has given a written refusal indicating the reasons for the refusal.

The documents for filing a claim must be collected almost the same as those described above, accompanied by a properly completed statement of claim.

The court decides to recognize the legal extension that was built earlier. To do this, the court must make sure that the case has all the necessary permits and approvals.

Finally, having a positive court decision in hand, the owner of the house registers the extension and pays the fee.

How to avoid problems with the legalization of an unauthorized extension?

The court may refuse to recognize an unauthorized building; accordingly, then the owner will not acquire ownership rights to it, and the building must be demolished, and at the expense of the developer himself. The owner will also pay a fine. At the same time, the court comes to a similar opinion in situations where the new extension is unsafe or violates someone’s legal rights. Another reason for refusal may be simply poorly prepared documentation. Therefore, when starting to prepare documents for the court, pay attention to the following points:

• for the completeness of the package of documents with permits from various regulatory and resource supply organizations;
• availability of all documents on property rights;
• try to eliminate all possible violations of architectural standards and sanitary rules, if any were committed during the construction of the extension;
• use materials during construction that meet safety requirements and are certified.

Today we have not an ordinary homemade project, but a very complex project: we will tell you how, with the help of straight hands, you can make an extension to your house yourself!

First of all, construction begins with a floor plan. Having calculated the required area, I marked the ground measuring 3 m by 5 m and dug a trench for a strip foundation 50 cm deep and 40 cm wide. Then I laid a bunch of reinforcing rods and welded brackets to the rods. Further in the article there will be a description and photographs of why I made these staples. I don’t even want to remember the process of manually mixing concrete with a shovel and pouring it)) I’ll just say one thing: it would be better if I called a mixer with ready-made concrete and poured it))). Having placed the formwork from the boards, I brought the foundation 20 cm above ground level and leveled it. M-400 grade cement was mixed with sand screenings in a ratio of 1 to 3. The strength result was impressive.
After the concrete had hardened, I began pouring a concrete podium for installing a gas boiler measuring 1m by 1m, laying it in two places with a mesh and placing the formwork.

Having filled the brackets protruding from the foundation with concrete, I received cushions for laying timber for the floors (joists) on them. I needed the staples to avoid the pillows from sinking into the ground and, as a consequence, the floors from being skewed. I placed them in accordance with the recommendations for floor installation. That is, at a certain distance from each other and strictly according to level.

At this point the foundation work was completed. Then I started building the walls. First of all, I waterproofed the wall material from the foundation by spreading roofing felt over the entire area. After all, concrete conducts moisture very well, and if moisture insulation is not made, then mold may appear on the walls, and the walls themselves may crack.
My next step was marking the wall itself. The distances of the sides from the wall to the opposite wall did not differ and the diagonals of the corners were the same. Having outlined the corners, I began laying foam blocks measuring 20x40x60 cm.

The plans included finishing the exterior walls with siding, so I used a beacon strip and a corner from the siding to position the block in such a way that after finishing, the siding of the extension would not “dance” from the siding of the house. To bind the blocks together, a mixture of cement and sand was used in a ratio of 1 to 3. Special mixtures and glue are also sold. Before laying on the mortar, the blocks were wetted with water. This greatly simplifies the laying process. The blocks were pressed into place using a rubber hammer.

Any masonry is built from the corners, so I was no exception and followed the recommendations exactly, adjusted for doorways. To obtain blocks of shorter length, an old hacksaw was used) She did her job perfectly. But there are special saws available for sale.


To connect the walls with the main house, I made T-shaped brackets from reinforcement and, having drilled through the wall, drove them in with the expectation that they would fit into the seam between the blocks.
I erected walls taking into account window and door openings using a building level one and a half meters long and a plumb line. Those. the blocks were laid strictly vertically and horizontally. This is especially important for door and window openings. The thickness of the seam can be used to adjust the height of the blocks relative to each other.


When the height of the walls reached the required level, U-shaped channels were made from a metal corner measuring 5 cm by 10 cm for laying blocks above the door and window openings. The length of each was the sum of the length of the opening plus 40 or 60 cm for laying on the wall. To do this, I placed the corners on the block with the long side facing each other and welded them together using a welding machine and fittings to obtain a gap between them. The gap is needed for screwing self-tapping screws into blocks during the installation of doors and windows.



Next, I simply placed the channels on the blocks and screwed them with self-tapping screws for complete fixation. It would be possible to turn them over differently and put the blocks on top, but I put a board in them from below for attaching window frames and doors.


Having laid the foam blocks on top of the channels, I sawed a 100x150 cm beam and laid it on top. I screwed it to the foam blocks with 200 mm self-tapping screws and fastened the beams together with reinforced corners. It is necessary for ceiling beams and rafter system.



Screwing a 50x75 mm block to the wall of the house. I received support for the ceiling beams. Important!!! For each roof, the thickness of the beams and rafters for the roof, as well as the distance between them, is calculated individually. Beams 50x75 mm. screwed it to the beam with corners.

Since the height of the extension was the same as the level of the house, after installing the beams I had to remove part of the slate above the house to obtain a roof slope over the extension. After this, the rafters were assembled. To fasten the rafters, 250 mm nails were used.

I laid a sheathing of boards measuring 25 mm by 150 mm on the rafters, laid a thermal vapor barrier on the rafters and began laying the metal tiles.

The metal tiles were purchased almost from the factory and had the length I needed. It didn’t even have to be cut or adjusted to length. Laying the sheets on the roof and sliding them under the old slate, I aligned them with each other and the walls. After fastening, I cut off the excess parts of the sheathing.

I laid the logs on the pillows and laid the floors from 40 mm thick boards.
Next, the doors were installed and

Some time after the construction of a house, there is often a need to expand the usable area. The only way out of this situation is to build an extension to a wooden house. With proper design of the structure and selection of appropriate materials, this activity can be completed independently.

What do you need to know?

The construction of any object requires the creation of a project that is based on calculations. The construction of an extension to a wooden house is no exception. In this case, a design solution should be provided that would eliminate the occurrence of cracks. When choosing the architectural form of the extension, we must not forget about the need to create a complex that is uniform in style.

In addition, it should be understood that the construction of the extension must be approved by the relevant organization and have all the necessary accompanying documentation. Otherwise, the constructed facility will be considered an unauthorized construction and in the future the developer will have to resolve the issue of legalizing it.

Types of extensions

Before starting the construction of an extension to a wooden house, you should study possible design options and technological features of their construction. After analyzing the information, the choice of materials and work technology is greatly simplified. This approach will allow the extension to be harmoniously connected to the existing building.

Canopy. This is the simplest extension design. It is necessary to protect the porch and people from sunlight and bad weather. In addition, under the canopy you can spend leisure time and receive guests.

The construction of a canopy does not necessarily require the construction of a powerful foundation. Installing pillars that act as supports can provide a fairly solid foundation. A frame is mounted to them, and the surface of the walls is designed depending on the taste preferences of the developer.

A wooden house may need an extension

Summer room. It is often built out of an extension. The room is intended for relaxation and serves as a place for friendly feasts. As the foundation of such an extension, a strip or column foundation is constructed. The material used for the walls of the frame structure is plywood, boards or brick.

In order to create better illumination, the walls are made partially glazed. The roof of a summer room can have one or two slopes, and it is undesirable to make its structure heavier. Insulating or creating a heating system in such a room is impractical.

Living room. The construction of a full-fledged living room implies a full construction cycle. When constructing the foundation, a block or monolithic structure is used. Brick, foam blocks or timber are used to build walls. When building a roof, a layer of waterproofing is required. The entire structure of the structure must also be properly insulated.

Kitchen. Arranging an extension indoors is quite a complex undertaking. This is due to the fact that in addition to the construction of a capital structure, all communications are required, including sewerage and ventilation.

Garage. This structure is built on a surface on which walls made of bricks or blocks are located. A reliable roof is also constructed from slate, metal tiles or corrugated sheets. In addition, the room must be well ventilated.

Porch. Often, when constructing various structures of extensions, it is necessary to build a porch. The material can be concrete, timber or metal. If the porch is of significant height or has a turn, railings must be installed.

Installation features

The construction of an extension to a wooden house largely depends on how the room is intended to be used and whether it will be residential. If capital construction is necessary, it is necessary to build a reliable foundation, separate from the base of the main building and the wall. It is also necessary to lay communications.

The main problem with building an extension is connecting it to the house. If there are omissions at this stage, then the formation of cracks in the structural elements of the structure is inevitable.

There are the following methods of connecting structures:

• Construction of an independent building. The method is used in the case of construction on moving soil. The base is arranged closed around the perimeter, having no points of contact with the main foundation. The gaps between the surfaces of the walls of buildings are provided with reliable hydro- and thermal insulation. The roof is constructed using a similar technology.
• Integration of the extension into the main structure. Carrying out work using this method is associated with certain difficulties. To connect structures, anchors or pieces of reinforcing steel are installed in the foundation of the house. Then, using welding, a connection is made to the frame of the base of the attached structure. At the end of this event, they begin to pour the monolithic type foundation. Connecting the walls of two structures becomes possible by partially dismantling the frame of the house. To integrate the roof structures, the rafter system of the house is dismantled and connected to the extension. Moreover, the fastening occurs both to the rafters and to the beams of the main building. After this, the roof covering is laid so that it represents a single surface.

When building a foundation for an extension, it is necessary to take into account the type of foundation under the house. This is due to the fact that different types of foundations on the same soil give different shrinkage. To prevent this phenomenon, identical base designs should be used.

Construction of an extension

Calculation and purchase of materials

At the design stage of an extension to a wooden house, the purpose of the object, its number of storeys and design features are taken into account. This allows you to make the optimal choice of material and draw up a construction estimate.

The following materials can be used for its construction.

timber

Using timber to build an extension to a wooden house is the best option. Moreover, the timber can be of any kind: glued, rounded or planed. Standardized material dimensions greatly simplify installation.

As a rule, timber is produced by specialized enterprises, each product has strictly defined dimensions, and the quality of the wood meets the standards. In the factory, the material goes through all the necessary stages of protective treatment, which increases the service life of the wood. If necessary, the finished product undergoes heat treatment to give the wood a certain shade. Natural wood is an environmentally friendly material, which has a beneficial effect on the health of people living in the house.

In addition to the described qualities, the versatility of the timber should be noted, since it can be used to create an extension not only to a wooden house.

If the cost of timber exceeds the construction estimate, then you should pay attention to other materials.

The most difficult thing is to connect the extension to the house

Frame extension

A good option from an economic point of view is the construction of a frame structure for the extension. It is characterized by the ability to carry out work on the existing foundation, which significantly reduces construction time.

The technology for constructing an extension involves the construction of a metal frame or wooden structure. To create the surface of the walls, the frame is sheathed on both sides using chipboard or OSB boards. Between them is placed a layer of thermal insulation made of available heat-insulating material. There must be vapor and moisture insulation on top of the insulation.

The frame structure of an extension to a wooden house is easy to install and is available for self-assembly.

Brick

When using brickwork when constructing the walls of an extension to a wooden house, you can get a permanent structure. The material has good thermal insulation properties, so the extension can have both economic and residential purposes.

To maintain the integrity of the architectural style, it is recommended to move the brick extension out of sight. However, its location on the rear side of the building is not excluded. Brickwork has a significant mass, so a reliable foundation is built that can withstand the loads from the walls.

The cost of construction in this case increases not only due to the increase in the price of materials and additional costs for constructing the foundation, but also due to the costs of finishing work.

Main stages of construction

Foundation installation

The base for an extension to a wooden house is selected depending on the design features of the structure. If you plan to create a residential building, then construction is mandatory. At the same time, its depth should be the same as that of the main building. Reliable connection of two structures occurs due to reinforcement.

The progress of work on the construction of the foundation occurs in the following order:

• carry out marking;
• dig a pit or trench of appropriate depth;
• formwork is installed;
• produce a bundle of reinforcement cage;
• pour .

At this stage, protection from moisture should be performed.

Light extension on a columnar foundation

Wall installation

The construction of the walls of an extension is no different from the technology of constructing a house from timber or other lumber. In this case, the resulting expansion joint must be sealed using polyurethane foam.

When using the same materials to build an extension and a house, the walls are connected using different fasteners. Dowels are made in the timber. Screws and plates are used, as well as staples to fix the walls.

Roof installation

In cases where the height of the extension is less than the height of the wooden house, the roof is made with a significant slope. This will allow precipitation to be removed without hindrance. In this case, the connection of both roof structures is not necessary.

When constructing a two-story warm extension, it is recommended to connect the roofs of the structures. For this purpose, the roof of the main house is partially dismantled and the ceilings are tied together with metal corners. After that, waterproofing is installed and the roof is laid. A unified drainage system must be organized.

It is better to make the roof from the same material as the main building

How to cut costs?

You can reduce the cost of building an extension to a wooden house if you take into account the following recommendations:

• the cost of timber is lower if purchased in winter;
• independent construction of the foundation will allow you to achieve savings of about 20%;
• use available materials;
• use the frame construction method.

A good extension to a wooden house can not only increase its usable area, but also emphasize style and originality.

Wooden houses continue to be popular even now. Wood can compete with the most modern building materials without being inferior to them.

We will build

Sometimes, over time, a house needs to be expanded. Some people do not have enough living space or, due to the addition to the family, they need another bedroom, children’s room or bathroom, others want an open summer veranda with a transparent roof, and others need access to the garage directly from the living room.

Everyone’s desires are different, but all of them can be equally easily realized. An extension to a room, veranda or garage is done in almost the same way - it is not difficult to build it with your own hands.

Despite the fact that the house itself is wooden, construction can be carried out using any material. Whatever material is chosen for the construction of the extension, the work begins with the project.

The project is needed to take into account all the nuances on paper and avoid mistakes in the work.

It is necessary to sketch a plan to scale and calculate the consumption of materials. You can make several options and then choose the best one.

When drawing up a project, all building codes and regulations must be observed, since finished projects must be approved by the BTI and the housing sector.

If it is impossible to draw up a project and draw a plan yourself, then you can turn to specialists for help.

Once the project has been drawn up and approved, construction can begin. The law does not currently prohibit starting construction even before the project has been approved, however, if errors or violations of building codes are found in the project, the owner may be required to demolish the unauthorized building.

When adding non-permanent structures - an open veranda, a terrace - the project will not need to be coordinated; this only applies to permanent structures.

Finally, the paperwork is done and the project is signed. The first step is to inspect the wall to which the building will adjoin and the adjacent part of the foundation.

If something needs to be strengthened or patched up, then this must be done before the main construction begins.

If you plan to add a full-fledged room, then the finishing and plaster from the wall must be removed.

In the case of adding a garage or terrace, this can also be done, but not necessary. When the extension is provided with an entrance from the house, it must also be cut through before construction begins.

This must be done correctly so as not to damage the strength of the wall or weaken it.

The basis of the future is, of course, the foundation. The quality and durability of the structure depends on it.

Laying the foundation for an extension occurs in the same way as laying the foundation for a separate building.

But there is one subtlety here: it is important to correctly connect the new foundation to the foundation of the old house.

Both parts must be a single monolithic structure. If this cannot be achieved, then the difference in the foundation will cause cracks in the walls, and in a few years the extension may collapse.

Therefore, when starting construction, it is very important to pay due attention to the foundation connection.

To do this, you need to completely free the foundation from finishing and dig it to its full depth.

After this, it is necessary to drill holes in the foundation with a diameter of at least 10 centimeters and a depth of about half a meter.

These holes should be located at a distance of 40 - 50 centimeters from each other. In addition to these connecting holes, it is necessary to drill holes for the reinforcement.

The reinforcing wire inserted into them must be welded to the frame of the future foundation. Before pouring concrete, the foundation of an old house is thoroughly wetted with water - this will ensure the best bonding quality.

After the solution has dried and the fences have been removed, the new foundation will be tightly tied to the old one. On it you can create any desired extension with your own hands.

What material can the extension be made from?

Without a doubt, wood goes best with wood. But, despite the fact that the house is wooden, an extension to it can be made with your own hands from any material, and not just from wooden beams.

There is only one detail that needs to be given due attention when building with your own hands - the extension must have a permanent connection with the old house.

This single requirement can be met using any material. Some materials will be easier to work with, while others will be a little more difficult. Here you need to choose what will be more convenient to work with.

The following options may be considered:

• construction made of wooden beams;
• brickwork;
• frame extension;
• construction from foam blocks;
• aerated concrete and other materials.

The easiest way to build a veranda, terrace, or summer kitchen is to use a frame structure.

The frame extension is erected a little faster than other projects, but is practically not inferior in quality to them.

The frame of the extension itself can be assembled from either wood or metal. Reliably connecting it to the old building seems to be the simplest.

The frame beams are connected to the load-bearing wall of the house using bolts or long screws. The parts of the metal frame are welded together. If the frame is wooden, then it is fastened with self-tapping screws.

After assembling the frame, it is insulated with glass wool, foam plastic or penoplex. The insulation can be placed in several layers, as it must fill the entire area of ​​the frame. The joints can be fastened using construction tape or other means.

After insulation, the frame building is sheathed with any selected material. Outside, it is good to use siding, lining or other finishing materials.

Typically, the same materials that were used in the main construction are used to finish the extension.

However, when building a veranda on a frame basis, the materials may be different to emphasize the individuality of the structure.

Inside, plasterboard, plywood or other options are used for cladding.

The roof of the veranda can be made of translucent polycarbonate roofing, but if the room is permanent, then the new roof should be connected to the old one.

The roof can be either gable or single-pitch, the main thing is that the connection is reliably sealed.

The roof is covered with metal tiles, slate or any other type of roofing material, except, perhaps, corrugated sheeting. Corrugated sheeting is a rather cold material and practically does not insulate sounds.

Photo:

The connection of buildings made of wooden beams is made using a channel. The size of the channel must be selected based on the size of the timber used - so that it fits into the channel quite tightly.

First, the channels are secured to the walls of the house with bolts, and only then a new beam is attached to them.

You can use self-tapping screws for this. To protect against rust, metal channels are primed. The joints between timber and metal are sealed using polyurethane-based sealant.

Adding a veranda made of wooden beams with your own hands is a fairly reliable structure. If the insulation of timber walls is carried out correctly, the room can be used all year round.

A little about blocks and bricks

If construction is carried out from brick, foam blocks or aerated concrete, then the connection can be made with steel reinforcement. Metal rods must be cut into pieces of at least a meter in advance.

After laying out a row of blocks, the reinforcement is driven into the logs of the old house so that its free half falls strictly into the seam between the rows of material.

After the construction of the walls is completed, the gap between the old and new walls must be properly sealed.

A brick extension to a wooden house is strong and durable. Load-bearing walls must be laid with at least three bricks. In the case of adding a veranda, the walls can be laid with one and a half bricks.

Since brick is colder than wood, such an extension must be properly insulated.

To insulate an extension with your own hands, you can use the following materials:

• Styrofoam;
• polystyrene;
• glass wool

If the extension is made of foam blocks or aerated concrete, then they do not need additional insulation.

Buildings made of aerated concrete, foam blocks and other blocks based on foamed concrete are themselves quite warm due to the air contained in the pores of the material.

A significant disadvantage of such blocks is that they all absorb water to a greater or lesser extent. Therefore, it is not worth saving on external waterproofing of a building made of foam blocks.

Which blocks are best to make an extension from? If we compare between aerated concrete and foam blocks, then although they look similar, they have different qualities.

Photo:

Aerated concrete blocks are much stronger than foam blocks and practically do not shrink. A structure made of foam blocks can shrink up to three millimeters per meter.

However, the absorption capacity of aerated concrete is much higher than that of foam blocks, so due attention should be paid to their waterproofing.

On the other hand, a building made of foam blocks or any other concrete blocks also needs to be waterproofed, so the question remains open.

Everyone has the right to decide for themselves. Foam blocks are somewhat cheaper than aerated concrete blocks, which can play a decisive role in the choice of material.

Many owners of country houses and dachas from time to time redevelop their plots with their own hands. But sometimes you have to touch the house too. If it needs expansion, then an extension is an ideal option to increase the usable area. At the same time, it can perform completely different functions and be located not only at the main entrance. Projects for extensions are developed taking into account the specific features of their operation.

Types of buildings

Before choosing an extension project with your own hands, you should decide on its functional purpose. Typically the following types of buildings are attached to a house:

For each type of extension, it is necessary to calculate the amount of materials and draw up a plan.

Types of residential extension structures

There are several basic options for DIY home extensions:

The first option is considered not only the easiest from a technical point of view, but also the most budget-friendly. He assumes that the roof of the main building remains in place, only slightly extending by the size of the extension to the house. The main building is being completed on one side or both. Then a passage is made between them so that the total area of ​​the building increases by the size of the new building.

An attic-type room will be more expensive, since it is planned to carry out an extension.

The third option for adding a house extension with your own hands involves your own roof. Otherwise, the structure resembles a side structure. A separate roof increases the consumption of material, so the extension will cost more and will take a little longer to build.

An extension to the second floor is carried out only if the foundation of the house allows it. If the building was not initially planned to be multi-story, then problems with its completion are possible. The foundation may simply not be able to withstand the additional load. In some cases it can be strengthened.

Designing a new premises

By law, any functional room is considered a do-it-yourself addition to a house. A balcony, loggia, winter garden or extra bedroom - all this will be considered an extension. The required elements of its design are:

• foundation;
• walls.

Unlike the main building, there may be no ceilings. Do-it-yourself design solutions for roofing an extension are as follows:

It is recommended to build the foundation of the building separately, since the structures are operated under different loads.
At the design stage, it is very important to consider the compatibility of the new building with the old one. A do-it-yourself extension should not create obstacles to the communications that run through the site. If you plan to make multi-level buildings, then you need to take into account that this will delay snow masses. Therefore, they should be further strengthened to avoid subsidence of the foundation.

Base design

When increasing the usable area of ​​an existing building in the horizontal direction, it is unprofitable to build a slab or strip buried foundation. The most economical base designs are:

If preference is given to a pile or columnar foundation, then it is necessary to provide additional protection for the lower part of the structure from freezing. For this purpose, you can use basement siding with an inner layer of insulation in the form of basalt wool or expanded polystyrene.

Wall design

When drafting an extension, you should decide in advance on the material for the walls. For a frame or panel structure, a sandwich is used:

• OSB sheets with a layer of expanded polystyrene or stone wool;
• internal membrane for vapor barrier;
• external film for waterproofing.

Laying lightweight blocks - aerated concrete or foam blocks - will cost a little more. If preference is given to the latter, then it should be taken into account that even walls made of the highest quality foam concrete are often covered with a network of cracks. Therefore, the facade will need to be plastered over the reinforcing mesh with a special compound.

Roof design

When designing an extension to a house with your own hands, you need to calculate the reliability of the elements of the rafter system, their configuration and select a step for their placement. If the height of the walls is the same, then the supports can be based on existing load-bearing structures. The rafters of a lower extension to a two-story building should rest on columns located near the walls of the main building.

Most often, the roof slope of the house closest to the extension is dismantled. Elements of the rafter system are replaced with new ones that are longer.

Alternatively, you can disassemble the roofing pie, but do not dismantle the rafters. For a new building, a pitched roof is being erected. You can strengthen the rafter system with racks.