What grew in the Russian garden before potatoes? What grew to potatoes in the Russian garden Solve the crossword puzzle about what grows in the garden.

Surely many have seen the strange shaggy oblong headdresses of Russian Cossacks. At the same time, not everyone knows where the mysterious fur hat came from, what it is called and what it is for. In fact, with this hat, not everything is as simple as it might seem at first glance. It's time to learn more about one of the most striking attributes of Russian cavalrymen.

The “shaggy” fur cylindrical hat, which can be seen on Russian Cossacks, is called a papakha. As you might guess, it is not a native Russian headdress. The wardrobe item was borrowed from the peoples of the Caucasus and Central Asia, where the Russian Empire had been expanding for several centuries. Papakha is one of the most striking borrowings of successful inventions by alien peoples, from indigenous peoples.

It is believed that Russian soldiers began to wear hats while serving in the Caucasus and Central Asia around 1817. This headgear quickly gained popularity due to its outstanding characteristics and, above all, convenience. However, then there was no talk of the official concept of a hat as an item of military equipment. It happened only in 1855. Then the hat was officially installed in the Russian army, and only in the Cossack units.

At the same time, hats in the Russian imperial army were very different. The appearance of papakh could vary greatly depending on the region of service of a particular unit. Most of the Cossack dads were tall, with short fur and black in color. At the same time, the Ural, Transbaikal, Amur and Ussuri units wore hats with long fur. In the Siberian Cossack formations, hats were already shortened, with short fur and black. Representatives of the retinue and personal protection of His Majesty wore (as a rule) high white hats with short fur.

This headdress in the Russian army became a uniform item of clothing and, in fact, performed two functions. Firstly, it reflected the belonging of the cavalryman to the Cossack formation. Secondly, it was just a comfortable winter headdress. Suffice it to say that the hat turned out to be such a comfortable hat that it was able to survive in the imperial army.

In 1913, a provision was adopted in the Russian Empire that established a hat as a headdress for all the country's ground forces. True, it did not have time to get really widespread. Firstly, because a new hat was already being prepared, which later received the name “Budyonovka”. Secondly, because in 1917 there was a revolution. By the way, the revolutionaries also loved the hat, as a distinction they sewed a red ribbon to it. During the Civil War, hats were used by literally everyone: red, white, green. They wore both imperial caps of the 1910 model and traditional Caucasian headdresses.

In 1922, in Soviet Russia, the hat was officially withdrawn from mass use. However, already in 1936, by order of the USSR NPO No. 67 of April 23, the famous headdress returned again. According to the order, the soldiers of the Cossack formations as part of the Red Army could use the hat as an output uniform. So, the Caucasian Cossacks wore Ossetian hats (“Kubanki”), and the Don Cossacks preferred the traditional high hat. 4 years later, in 1940, a new order was issued that allowed the use of a hat as a winter headdress for generals and marshals of the Soviet Union. And after some more time, the hat was allowed to be worn by the colonels of all branches of the military, instead of a hat with earflaps.

After the collapse of the Soviet Union in 1995, the papakha got it. The new order banned the headgear for use in the army. However, 10 years later, in 2005, by decree of the President of the Russian Federation of 05/08/2005 No. 531, the Caucasian headdress once again returned to the troops. Today it relies on generals and colonels, as in the days of the USSR.

Potato? Back in the middle of the 19th century, only 1.5% of the country's agricultural land was occupied by it. Tomatoes? They appeared in Europe on beds and tables only towards the end of the 19th century. Carrot? Yes, it was actively eaten in Rus', but not at all the Dutch bright orange variety that is common now. Kramola portal restores historical justice and talks about what grew in the old Russian garden.

Undoubtedly number one. The most important Russian (and not only Russian - he played the same role of "second bread" before the appearance of potatoes, for example, in Central Asia) vegetable, experienced gardeners managed to harvest two crops in a summer. In early spring, white turnips were sown - more early, but not so well stored and not so sweet. Having removed it in the middle of summer, they sowed the yellow turnip, already more familiar to us, which kept in the ground until frost. It is perfectly stored in the cellar until Christmas.

Onions, our ancestors grew many varieties - first green onions and leeks, then onions, shallots and batun. All these varieties are known now, but the cube onion is forgotten. Bred by Rostov gardeners from ordinary onion, it is devoid of pungency and can be used like an ordinary vegetable.

A hybrid of turnip and cabbage. It is similar in taste to the first, but much more nutritious and unpretentious than turnips, therefore it was especially actively grown in the northern and northwestern regions of the Russian Empire. Parsley root, parsnips, beets, radishes and radishes were grown no less actively in Russian gardens (all this is still there, but they forget about rutabaga) - root crops are well stored, and this is extremely important in long and cold winters.

The head cabbage familiar to us was grown only by wealthy peasants - after all, it occupied much more space in the beds than leafy or gray cabbage, which grew with a continuous leaf cover. Not as sweet and juicy as cabbage, this whole cabbage was used to make crumble. For him, the cabbage was finely chopped, placed with coarse salt in barrels, the bottom of which was sprinkled with rye flour. All winter, cabbage soup, called kholopsky, was cooked from kroshev.

The young greens of these flowers with a philosophical and automobile name were grown for salads, stuffing for botvinia, turi and other summer dishes with greens.

It is unpretentious, undemanding, grows literally like a weed - but from its stems they prepared wonderful kissels and fruit drinks, jams and fillings for sweet pies. Look carefully - perhaps among the burdocks and dandelions in your dacha, rhubarb also grows.

The main oilseed crop in central Russia, now banned due to overseas unnatural consumption. Hemp oil was seasoned with porridge and kissels, fried on it, they ate greens or just fresh rye bread with it.

Spicy greens, reminiscent of the taste of mustard and horseradish at the same time. Mustard leaf was added to okroshka and botvinia and eaten like that, with other greens. The grain mustard known to us appeared in Russia only at the end of the 18th century, when German mustard cuttings were grafted into wild mustard. The Germans, in fact, did just that.

He is an oatmeal. However, it has nothing to do with oats - it is a relative of ordinary garden asters. Long white, with a slight fishy flavor, the roots of the plant were collected by the peasants in the fall, boiled, stewed and fried, like other numerous root crops.

Crossword with answers "What grows in the garden?" for younger students

Shilkina Tatyana Anatolyevna, educator of the State Budgetary Institution KO "Meshchovsky Social and Rehabilitation Center for Minors", Meshchovsk, Kaluga Region.

Description: this crossword puzzle will be useful to class teachers, educators of extended day groups, teachers of additional education. It can be used in individual or group work in lessons on the outside world, extracurricular activities.

Target: development of children's interest in the plant world.
Tasks:
- deepen and expand children's knowledge about vegetables;
- learn to solve crossword puzzles;
- Develop children's curiosity and creativity.

“What does the green garden dream about?”
What does the green garden dream about?
For us, for people, this is a mystery, a riddle.
I will tell you this strange secret,
I heard her in the garden by accident.
The cabbage said: “I dream - in cabbage soup.
After all, you go look for people like me!
I know that cabbage soup is not possible without me,
Living without cabbage is unspeakably difficult!
Grumbled displeasedly big tomato ...
“What nonsense are you, madam!
To live without cabbage is a mere trifle!
But without me - that's for sure - nothing!
I dream of getting into the autumn salad,
Said the dark brown grouchy tomato.
Boastful carrot with girlfriend parsley
They laughed at them (because here are laughter!):
“The people will manage without you, gentlemen,
And without root crops - alas - nowhere!
The pointless argument was stopped by potatoes:
"Friends, stop! Cool down a little!
We are all important to a person - this is a fact:
Cabbage, carrot, parsley, tomato.
After all, we have vitamins, useful protein.
On the table to the person we will appear on time.
Believe that our dreams will come true
And we'll hit our turn in the bellies."
I heard such a conversation in the garden,
And I realized that we will be in perfect order,
After all, they themselves want vegetables in the kitchen,
To feed adults and funny guys.

Vegetables are a piggy bank of vitamins (from the Latin word "vita", which means "life"). Thanks to their healing properties, vegetables become "doctors" of sick people. Carrots and beans treat anemia for those guys whose cheeks need to turn pink. Pepper escorts scurvy out of the body, that is, it heals the gums. And lettuce and tomato makes fat people lose weight. Cabbage heals stomach ulcers, while turnips, zucchini, eggplant and watermelon help those with liver pain. Grandparents who have high blood pressure turn to pumpkin, parsley and beets for help.
In the gardens of our planet, more than 120 types of vegetable crops and 70 garden crops are grown.

Crossword "What grows in the garden?".

Horizontally:
1 - What vegetable is also called "blue"?

2 - Both green and thick
A bush has grown in the garden
Dig a little:
Under a bush...
3 - Yellow chicken
It puffs up under the tyn.

4 - Round, not a ball,
With a tail, not a mouse,
yellow like honey
But the taste is not the same.
5 - There is a house without doors, a thousand soldiers inside.

6 - And green and thick -
A bush has grown in the garden
Started to pinch -
They began to cry and sob.

7 - This vegetable is called "snake grass". He repels snakes.

8 - Without arms, without legs,
Crawls on the boat.
9 - The red maiden has grown into the ground.

Vertically:
1 - Our piglets grew up in the garden
Side by side to the sun
Crochet ponytails.

2 - And curly, and magnificent,
And emerald green
Not in the garden, gentlemen,
I'm more beautiful, ode!

3 - There is one beauty -
And blush and slim,
Though he lives in a dugout for a century,
And great respect from all,
Who passes near
Bows low.

4 - What vegetable is both sweet and bitter?

5 - The caftan on me is green and the heart is like a kumach,
Tastes like sugar, sweet
It looks like a ball.
6 - Which vegetable is called "extraordinary berry". Its name is translated from Italian as "golden apple".

7 - What is red outside,
white inside,
With a green tuft on his head?

Answers to the crossword "What grows in the garden?".
Horizontally: 1 - eggplant;
2 - potatoes;
3 - pumpkin;
4 - turnip;
5 - cucumber;
6 - bow;
7 - garlic;
8 - peas;
9 - beets.
Vertically: 1 - zucchini;
2 - cabbage;
3 - carrots;
4 - pepper;
5 - watermelon;
6 - tomato;
7 - radish.

Thank you for your attention!(1) It is a waste of time to try to evaluate the relationship, to painstakingly and closely analyze what separates us. (2)Basic

Still, there is another question to which we must find an answer if we want to improve or save our relations: "What unites us?".

(According to E. Sikiric*)

* Elena Anatolyevna Sikirich

Among the proposals

5-10 find a sentence with a separate circumstance. Write the number of this offer.

Word: more accurately names objects, signs, actions? OR names objects, signs, actions, points to someone, something, serves to connect words? OR ra

an expressed thought ringing? OR expresses a thought, a feeling, a semantic question.

Phrase: more precisely names objects, signs, actions or names objects, signs. actions, points to someone, something, serves to connect words? OR develops a pronounced thought? OR expresses a thought, a feeling, a semantic question.

Suggestion: more precisely names objects, signs, actions or names objects, signs. actions, points to someone, something, serves to connect words? OR develops a pronounced thought? OR expresses a thought, a feeling, a semantic question.

Text: more precisely names objects, signs, actions or names objects, signs. actions, points to someone, something, serves to connect words? OR develops a pronounced thought? OR expresses a thought, a feeling, a semantic question.

(1) It is a waste of time to try to evaluate the relationship, to painstakingly and closely analyze what separates us.

(2) Still, the main question is another question that we must find an answer to if we want to improve or save our relations: “What unites us?”.

(3) The wise have rightly said that our relationships with other people will last as long as what unites us will exist. (4) If we are connected by a house, a summer residence, money, external attractiveness, or any other short-term things that exist today and not tomorrow, then with the very first problems in this area our relationships will also be jeopardized. (5) Relationships in which people no longer have anything in common are similar to Potemkin villages, where outwardly everything is fine, but behind a beautiful facade there are only problems and emptiness. (6) Often such formal connections are worse than loneliness.

(7) People are united by the difficulties experienced together and the moments of crisis. (8) If, in overcoming obstacles, in finding solutions, all parties equally make efforts and fight to become better, this not only strengthens any relationship, but also gives rise to new, deeper, amazing states of mind that open up new horizons
and directing the development of events in a completely different direction.

(9) You need to learn how to take the first step without losing yourself and your inner dignity. (10) For a relationship, two are needed, and any of our steps should cause a resonance, a response from another person, followed by his reaction, his reciprocal steps towards us. (11) If after our long efforts this does not happen, then one of the conclusions suggests itself: either we are taking the wrong steps, or our relationships are built on shaky ground, because they are kept only by one person and one person is trying to drag everything on himself, and this is already absurd and artificial.

(12) The success of any relationship requires that both parties try to overcome feelings of possessiveness and selfishness. (13) Very often we do not see the individuality, the uniqueness of the people we love, and continue to consider them as a reflection of our own views, requirements, ideas about what they should be. (14) We should not try to educate and remake people in our own image and likeness. (15) Love requires a feeling of air and freedom of the soul. (16) People who love each other do not dissolve in each other and do not lose their individuality; they are two columns supporting the roof of one temple.

(According to E. Sikiric*)

* Elena Anatolyevna Sikirich (born in 1956) is a modern publicist, philosopher, psychologist, public figure.

Indicate the type of subordination in the phrase THIS DOES NOT HAPPEN (sentence 11).

what signs indicate that there are spellings in words with missing letters? Insert the missing letters and select where you need the test words.

vowels are drawn to the voiced song
Can cry and close
can cradle a child in a cr-cotton
but do not want to s-stet and grumble

And consonants. agree
Sh-flatter sh-ptat creak-sing
Even snort and sh-sing
but they don't want to sing.

Look at the pictures and solve the easiest crossword about vegetables:

View answer

Answers: 1. Pumpkin, 2. Carrot, 3. Potato, 4. Pea, 5. Beetroot, 6. Tomato, 7. Onion, 8. Cucumber.

Horizontally:
1. Before we ate it, everyone had time to cry.
3. Green branches grow in the garden, and red children are on them.
5. Grass above the ground, burgundy head under the ground.
6. A red nose has grown into the ground, only a green tail is on top.
8. In summer - in the garden, fresh, green. And in winter - in a barrel, strong, salty.
10. Although he did not see the ink, he suddenly became purple, and very important shines with praise ...
Vertically:
2. They dug it into the ground in May and did not take it out for a hundred days, and in the autumn they began to dig not one, but ten.
4. Green, red, yellow fruits, who are they, do you recognize them?
7. This vegetable is a pumpkin brother - it also looks fat. He lay down under a leaf on a barrel between the beds ...
9. In the garden - a yellow ball, but it does not run galloping, it is like a full moon, seeds are delicious in it.
11. One hundred clothes and all without fasteners

View answer

Answers: 1. Bow; 2. Potato; 3. Tomato; 4. Pepper; 5. Beets; 6. Carrots; 7. Zucchini; 8. Cucumber; 9. Pumpkin; 10. Eggplant; 11. Cabbage.

Horizontally
1. Almost a potato, but sweet, it grows in America.
3. It grows very long and occupies the floor of the garden. This pumpkin vegetable is a brother, in the summer everyone eats it.
5. This pumpkin is exotic, it grows in the tropics on a liana.
8. Red cheeks, white nose. I sit in the dark all day long. And the shirt is green, she is all in the sun.
9. Even though she grew up in the garden, she knows the notes “sol” and “fa”.
10. What kind of strange zucchini is a barrel all in hems, maybe I had a dream? It's simple…
Vertically:
2. This vegetable is the commander. If you cooked it, do not forget to take off your uniform ...
4. Cabbage turnip.
6. Our piglets grew up in the garden, sideways towards the sun, crochet tails. These little pigs are playing hide and seek with us.
7. There is a freak in the middle of the garden, evil to everyone, but sweet to everyone.