Heating the greenhouse in winter. Heating a greenhouse: ways to heat a greenhouse in winter and early spring

A greenhouse with high-quality heating allows you to grow various plants at any time of the year. Greenhouse heating can be implemented by several methods using various heat carriers. When choosing an option, it is necessary to take into account the purpose of the greenhouse, dimensions and available energy resources.

One of the best options to warm up a greenhouse is to lay a heating line under a layer of soil. Source zaggo.ru

It is imperative to calculate which particular coolant will be economically beneficial for the installed greenhouse or structure to be erected. Consider the availability of energy resources and their cost, in what periods the greenhouse will be operated - only in spring and summer or all year round. When choosing a furnace, one must remember about the functionality of the design and thermal power. By making the right calculations and using high-quality materials, you can get an excellent and durable result. Thanks to even a small greenhouse, you can provide yourself with fresh herbs and vegetables all year round. When installing large greenhouses, it becomes possible to start your own business.

Heating options

Most heating systems are powerful enough and it is advisable to use them only in those structures that are used not only in early spring, but throughout the year.

Common Heating Methods:

• heating cable;

  gas gun;

• electric heaters.

The water heating system is more often used for large greenhouses Source stroyfora.ru

Gas guns are considered a good way of heating, which are small in size, quickly warm up the room with minimal fuel consumption, are safe to operate and very efficient. Using electricity, the main heating element is recommended to use infrared heaters that do not dry the air. For year-round and large greenhouses, it is preferable to use brick ovens, as they heat up longer, but hold heat well and then cool down for a long time, maintaining a stable temperature. The air will not dry out, the humidity remains at the required level. The metal heats up quickly, but as long as there is a fire, and such a furnace has a small heat capacity, it dries the air, it is additionally recommended to use a water circuit.

Metal ovens

mobility and the possibility of using for several months, and then it can be removed;

no foundation required, occupy a minimum of space;

favorable cost material;

connectivity water circuit;

simple and fast installation.

Mobile metal furnace for air heating Source th.decorexpro.com

However, it is impossible to automate the processes and it is necessary to heat manually, it is required to install a container with water. Installation of the furnace is carried out inside the structure or in a separate room with the output of the circuit. The chimney can be located in the greenhouse, the slope is at least 15 degrees. For this, an uninsulated metal pipe is used; heat-insulated boxes are installed in the roof for the exit.

The furnace is installed in several stages:

ground preparation;

installation of the furnace on the base;

connection of the chimney using a heat-resistant sealant, the narrowing of the chimney must not be allowed;

loop connection, if required.

Furnaces that are equipped with a water heat exchanger must not be operated without a filled system.

brick ovens

Heating for a greenhouse using a brick stove is mainly used for year-round use. This heating model is effective even in very cold weather due to its high heat capacity. Any stove can be used, but its thermal power is fully consistent with the heated area.

A brick oven is a capital structure designed for many years of operation. Source teplicno.ru

Brick laying occurs according to the following scheme:

creation of high-strength foundation with reinforcement, for this part of the soil is removed, the bottom is covered with sand, formwork is made, it takes at least three weeks to dry, the surface must be constantly moistened;

masonry furnace, ashpit, smoke channels.

The masonry stage has its own difficulties and peculiarities, therefore, it is necessary to entrust the work to a qualified specialist who has the appropriate experience. In the process of work, it is necessary to install doors, dampers.

On our website you can find contacts of construction companies that offer the service of installing stoves and fireplaces.

Water heating

This option can be implemented in several ways - installing a separate boiler or connecting to a house system. In the second case, a separate circuit is made to turn it off and drain the water. If a separate system is installed, then it will be necessary to install the boiler taking into account the available and profitable fuel.

Gas models are the most convenient and economical, they can maintain the set temperature. Combustion products are removed by a coaxial chimney. Solid fuel models may have different modifications. Also an economical option, but there is practically no possibility of automation and constant monitoring is required. Electric models that maintain the temperature around the clock have high automation indicators. They are small, safe and completely silent. However, there is a downside - the cost of electricity.

Whatever furnace is used, the principle of operation of water heating remains unchanged. Source fermer.ru

Such heating in the greenhouse occurs according to one scheme, regardless of the boiler. Availability required the following items:

filters, safety group, pump;

radiators, pipes, expansion tank;

balancing valve;

heat accumulator.

Connection is carried out according to the following scheme:

Chimney. For gas and solid fuel models only.

Radiators. Heating elements.

Tank. Used for forced system, installed in front of the pump or boiler outlet.

Security group. Includes air vents, valves, gauges, manifolds and couplings. It is installed behind the boiler, where the highest pressure and temperature values ​​\u200b\u200bare noted.

Pump. Maintains pressure in the entire system, mounted in front of the boiler on the return line.

Crimping air.

If the system has passed the test, then the coolant is poured into it and the boiler and a test run is carried out, air is bled, and balancing is carried out.

Video description

About the water heated floor in the winter greenhouse, see the video:

Choosing the optimal boiler

It is necessary to choose a boiler model taking into account the size of the installed greenhouse, as well as the crops grown. If there is gas, then it is better to use gas models. For year-round models, solid fuel boilers are a good option. For small greenhouses with periodic use, the installation of a solid fuel boiler is not suitable. It is much more profitable to put an electric low-power one. It does not require space and the construction of a chimney, the cost of electricity is minimal.

When using radiators, a number of calculations are required. To achieve a good result and maintain a constant microclimate, you should contact a specialist. In this case are taken into account:

dimensions buildings;

thermal power;

quantity radiators.

Sections must be distributed throughout the greenhouse in several rows. It is better to opt for low radiators for good soil heating.

Source th.decorexpro.com

Electric heating

Basically, special infrared-type heaters are used, they warm up the soil, maintain the temperature and are distinguished by minimal costs. Sometimes other options may be used. The calculation should be carried out by a specialist, taking into account all the features of the greenhouse and plant varieties. Elements are evenly distributed throughout the room. Selected models are suspended from the ceiling and connected to the network. When using temperature sensors, you can fully automate the heating process and save additional money.

Source m.yukle.mobi

Solar batteries and biological heating

If you are interested in the simplest heating of a greenhouse, then you should choose solar batteries. This is the cheapest option, which uses only solar energy. The greenhouse is located in an open area where there is no shade from other buildings or trees. The greenhouse itself is built from polycarbonate with a cellular structure, creating a greenhouse effect. All cells are insulated and contain air. Glass can also be used. The greenhouse must be erected in an arched type, and it must be placed on the east-west line.

When used correctly, greenhouse bioheating shows excellent results. Source plantu.ru

The following works are carried out around the greenhouse:

digging a pit WxD 30x40 cm;

insulation is laid, for example, polystyrene foam;

sand is poured, film and earth are on top.

The design accumulates heat, but this method can only be used on sunny days.

The second option is biological materials and the principle of their decomposition. Horse manure is often used, it is heated to 70 ° C and maintains this temperature for at least 4 months. Straw is added to lower the temperature.

Source vse42.ru

Cable heating

It does not take up space inside the structure, the cable is laid as for a warm floor, warms up the soil well, allows you to maintain different temperature conditions, which increases productivity. It features easy installation and ease of temperature control with minimal power consumption. Mainly used in industrial greenhouses.

Electric underfloor heating - fully automated heating system Source istroyka.com

Heat guns

It is considered a simple option without the need to develop and implement complex structures. Suspended from the ceiling and connected to the network, after which it can be used immediately. The air does not harm plants, it is distributed by a fan. There are various types of guns that run on gas, diesel or electricity.

Most often, heat guns are still used as a temporary solution, because the earth warms up weakly with such heating. Source klimasklep.pl

air heating

A primitive version with the installation of a pipe that leads to greenhouses, and on the other hand a fire is made. The length of the pipe must be at least 3 m, and the diameter must be 30 cm. The pipe can be made longer and additionally perforated, carried further inward for greater effect. The big disadvantage is the need to constantly maintain the fire, so the option is mainly used as an emergency. Such a heating system does not warm the soil, since pipes are mounted under the ceiling to protect plants from hot air.

This method of heating differs from heat guns only in a more uniform distribution of heat. Source prostanki.com

Thermal fans

A fan can be installed to distribute the air, eliminating the need for a piping system. The air warms up quickly enough, the fan can be moved throughout the greenhouse or several pieces can be installed. However, currents of very hot air can burn plants, and the fan itself is able to heat small areas, so it is necessary to install several fans that consume a lot of electricity.

Another “emergency” heating method to be used with caution Source tarlasera.com

A good greenhouse with the right calculations will allow anyone to not only grow herbs and vegetables for their table, but also run their own business. Materials and technologies will make it possible to operate the greenhouse all year round even in severe frosts. But the main requirements remain a good heating system and lighting, the only way to get a good result.

Modern advances and industry offer a wide range of ways to heat greenhouses. Some options are only suitable for warm regions, others can be used all year round. They differ in installation features, costs, fuel used. When choosing a heating option, it is required to carry out certain calculations, take into account the area of ​​\u200b\u200bthe greenhouse and the crops grown. The greenhouse can be used not only for seedlings or early harvest, but also for the cultivation of flowers and seedlings.

Additionally, the greenhouse can be equipped with automatic irrigation and a temperature control system.

Video description

The option of combining stove heating and fans in the following video:

Even on our website you can find contacts of construction companies that offer the service of arranging winter gardens. You can directly communicate with representatives by visiting the exhibition of houses "Low-Rise Country".

Conclusion

It is very important when building a greenhouse, choosing a heating system, plants and heating elements, be sure to consult with experts on all issues. Remember that the slightest mistake can lead to negative results - a poor harvest and slow development of plants. It is also important to choose the right materials from which the structure will be built. Consider absolutely all the factors that can affect the operation of the greenhouse. Consider which heating option is best for you, available resources and fuels.

Ecology of consumption. Manor: Heating a greenhouse in winter is probably the biggest expense item. Consider how to organize the heating of a greenhouse in winter, if possible without investing large amounts of money.

Without a doubt, a greenhouse on a personal plot is a necessary building.

This building, indispensable for the gardener, acquires even greater value when the possibility of heating it is provided.

Growing early vegetables, herbs, strawberries and seedlings, and with year-round use of a heated greenhouse - and obtaining such products in the winter - is this not an obvious benefit?

Especially for those who make money in this way: vitamins in winter and early spring are not cheap pleasure and the demand for them is great.

The ability to harvest 2-3 crops makes this business even more profitable.

The cultivation of tropical and ornamental plants has now become a fashionable hobby. And to provide them with appropriate climatic conditions throughout the year is possible only in a greenhouse or winter garden, where there is heating.

How to build a greenhouse with heating? or make heating in an existing one?

How to make heating in a greenhouse?

There are many ways to heat a greenhouse with your own hands. For these purposes, different schemes are used:

• greenhouse heating furnace
• greenhouse gas heating
• greenhouse electric heating
• steam heating in the greenhouse
• hot water

It is possible, for example, when laying the foundation of a greenhouse, to fix an electrical circuit in it using heating cables for underfloor heating. This option practically does not occupy the space of this building, while providing good heating, both air and soil.

But the use of electric heaters is not a very convenient solution.

The fact is that in the absence of normal air circulation, the area of ​​\u200b\u200bthe greenhouse will warm up unevenly, that is, if one part of the space turns out to be excessively overheated, then the heat will not reach the other at all.

You can normalize the movement of air flow by mounting a fan. However, the very process of its operation also leads to air cooling. There is another negative point here - the cost of electricity will increase significantly.

To make the heating of the greenhouse with your own hands rational, to create comfortable conditions for the growth of plants, especially if you are heating the greenhouse in winter, you should choose a type of it that will provide full heating of the soil and air.

Choosing a heating system

Choosing a greenhouse heating system should take into account:

• building dimensions
• method of heating the house itself
• their financial capabilities.

Each option has its own advantages and disadvantages.

It is important that the heating system is combined with the type of greenhouse.

It is known that heating film greenhouses, for example, requires more heat than heating greenhouses made of polycarbonate - a material that itself is a worthy heat insulator.

It is necessary to take into account the features of the system. For example, some of them, due to their high cost, are completely unsuitable for standard, small area greenhouses. Other systems require professional installation and configuration.

This is especially important when it comes to heating industrial greenhouses, where advanced technologies are used, such as heat pumps, infrared heating and others.

Having decided on home-made heating of the greenhouse, the first thing you need to do is to “feel” the entire technology of the process, take into account all the pros and cons of the chosen heating system.

It is necessary to correctly calculate the heating of the greenhouse in order to achieve the most rational distribution of heat in this room.

Now briefly about each method of heating.

Water heating

It is possible to install hot water heating of the greenhouse, operating both on electricity and on gas.

The heat source is hot water circulating through pipes that run inside the greenhouse or under the floor.

The scheme and principle of operation of water heating of a greenhouse is as follows: a coolant (heated water) circulates through pipes closed in the system, which, having given off heat to the atmosphere, again enters the boiler, where it is reheated.

A larger number of pipes allows you to lower the temperature of the water heating. It should be noted that the pipe system tends to heat up rather slowly.

The boiler is the main element of such heating for greenhouses. Its choice is determined by the specific situation.

In the area where the gas pipeline is laid, gas boilers are more often in demand, as the most economical option.

While the heating is powered by the mains, the following happens: the water heated in the boiler is fed through a circulation pump into pipes that can be laid along the walls of the greenhouse or between plants.

When installing a water heating system, copper, steel and plastic pipes are used. The latter is just what is needed in this case. They are light, affordable and do not rust.

The circulation of water in the system is usually forced, which is facilitated by the installed pump, less often - natural.

When connecting thermostats to pipelines and radiators, it becomes possible to maintain a certain temperature automatically.

When laying pipes for underground heating, it must be borne in mind that steel is not suitable for these purposes. Metal corrosion will destroy and disable such a heating system.

The disadvantages of hot water heating of a greenhouse include the complexity of installing a pipe system, a high price and the need for constant monitoring.

The positive side is that there is a simultaneous heating of air and soil.

Connection to an existing heating system

Before doing anything, you need to make sure that the boiler can provide the required pressure.

In addition, it makes no sense to connect to an existing system if the greenhouse is located at a distance of more than 10 m from the house.

And since the pipes laid to it must be insulated, then it will cost quite a lot. It is also necessary to take into account the fact that most of all heating is needed for a greenhouse at night. Just at this time, adjustable heating systems can lower the temperature. It is important to take into account the priority of connecting to the greenhouse.

infrared heating

For infrared heating of greenhouses use:

• infrared lamps for greenhouses
• infrared heaters

If we take into account the fact that such an energy carrier as electricity is the most expensive, then it becomes clear why the plan heating system is gaining momentum.

With high efficiency, they heat plants and soil without heating the air.

Then, the already heated soil and the structure of the room give off heat to the surrounding atmosphere. Moreover, it is warmer below, that is, the soil warms up well.

Savings become possible because the infrared heater does not work constantly. It can be equipped with a thermostat that controls the temperature. The infrared heater is turned on only to maintain the required temperature.

It is essential that infrared radiation is completely harmless to humans and plants. Using infrared heating in a greenhouse, you can create different temperature bands for different types of plants, which is very comfortable for planting.

Such heating is ideal when it is required to raise the temperature in the greenhouse in a short period of time. Heaters reach the set temperature in just ten minutes.

air heating

Do-it-yourself air heating of a greenhouse is easier to build than water heating.

This method uses air as the heat carrier.

It is injected between the walls of the boiler and the furnace, while heating up, and then it is distributed through the duct system.

A polyethylene perforated sleeve is laid around the perimeter of the entire room. Warm air flows through it, which evenly warms the soil.

The advantage of this method is the rapid heating of a greenhouse of any area.

The disadvantage of this heating system is that you have to constantly monitor the humidity in the greenhouse. This method of heating contributes to a sharp decrease in it.

wood heating

When choosing a heating option for a greenhouse, taking into account the growth in electricity and gas tariffs that is happening with an enviable regularity, you should pay attention to an alternative method - heating the greenhouse with wood.

Furnaces such as Buleryan are very suitable for this purpose. Their use allows you to organize the heating of the greenhouse in such a way that night trips for the next laying of firewood are not required. The room quickly heats up, and the temperature is maintained at a given level for a long time.

One bookmark of firewood is enough for 6-8 hours. The body of the stove does not heat up, which fully ensures safety.

You can build a stove for heating greenhouses with your own hands, as an option, a stove with a horizontal chimney.

Its device is as follows: a firebox is made of bricks in the vestibule, and in the greenhouse, in its entire length, a chimney is laid under the racks. It is through it that carbon monoxide passes and leaves the room through a pipe on the other side.

The heat released at the same time heats our building.

Combined heating method

Combined boilers are used quite widely. They are convenient in that they make it possible to instantly respond to changing operating conditions.

At the same time, the disadvantages of one heating method can be successfully closed by the advantages of another. For example, a power outage will not take you by surprise if heating is provided that operates on wood, gas, coal.

When there is a backup heat source, you can safely calculate the future profit from a rich harvest.

Which way to heat the greenhouse to choose, everyone decides for himself.

In order to choose the optimal method of heating, which is so necessary in a suburban area, structures, each available option should be carefully calculated. And in the end, to understand for yourself what kind of heating is better for the greenhouse, more economical, more profitable and more convenient. published

P.S. And remember, just by changing your consumption, we are changing the world together! © econet

Our climate is characterized by a cold and frosty winter, usually long, so for every gardener the question of how to heat a greenhouse is hardly an idle one. And it doesn’t matter if you are professionally engaged in gardening in order to sell the harvest, or just indulge, as they say, for the soul and your goal is fresh fruits and vegetables on the table in the frosty season.

A heated winter greenhouse has long been the hallmark of a zealous owner, a sign of productivity and fertility of the economy. Indeed, in our country, many gardeners prefer to use greenhouse structures during the cold season to grow heat-loving crops. Today we’ll talk about how to properly equip a greenhouse and how to heat a greenhouse in winter.

Which design to choose

You can place an order and buy a ready-made factory version, but you can also design it on your own. What is needed for this?

Not so much. 6-8 arc-shaped steel profiles with a cross section of 3-5 cm will be enough, you will also need a rectangular lower base and one upper or side transverse section, which is designed to strengthen the structure during strong gusts of wind and protect it from the mass of snow.

Polycarbonate will become a reliable coating. This material has excellent strength characteristics and its use in the creation of such structures can be considered a reference.

If we talk about ready-made solutions, the so-called “bread box” designs have proven themselves well. This type of indoor garden has earned its popularity due to its compactness and mobility. Due to its small dimensions, it can be freely moved if necessary. It also has a very simple characteristic “open-close” mechanism, thanks to which it got its name.

A heated winter greenhouse is the dream of every gardener. And we will talk about how and with what it is better to heat a greenhouse in the next chapter of our review.

How can you heat your indoor garden in winter?

So how do you heat a greenhouse in winter? There are several ways to organize a heating system inside a greenhouse. All of them have their pros and cons, all differ from each other, both in terms of cost and reliability.

natural way

Heating the interior of the greenhouse with solar energy. The simplest and, under certain conditions, quite effective option.

The mechanism of its application is extremely simple:

1. The sun's rays, bypassing the transparent polycarbonate roof and walls, penetrate into the greenhouse and heat the air inside it.
2. At the same time, polycarbonate does not allow heat to leave the frame of the greenhouse, and the difference between the temperature indicators of the external environment and the soil inside the greenhouse can be 4 ° C and 12 ° C, respectively.

With the use of sunlight in clear weather, you can heat the inside, as they say, "cheap and cheerful." However, this option is best used in combination with more reliable other methods, since it is very unreliable due to the dependence on the clarity of the winter period. Of even greater importance is the "hardness" of winter, because in severe frosts the sun's rays will not save the crop from the destructive cold.

Biological

One of the most ancient ways, which is still used everywhere. This is especially true for private non-profit farms and small businesses. Biological fuel is used here as a source of heat generation.

In the process of decomposition, organic matter tends to release thermal energy. In agriculture, it has long been customary to use materials such as:

• rotten straw,
• tree bark and foliage,
• fruits of trees and bushes unsuitable for consumption,
• bird droppings and animal manure.

Superiority among organic sources of heat generation is rightfully occupied by horse manure. This material has unsurpassed qualities of heat generation among this kind of organics. It is able to warm up within 5-7 days.

The heating temperature during the decomposition of horse manure can reach 70°C and it tends to persist throughout the growing season.

For reference! How to deal with biofuels? Previously, manure was brought to the site, as they say, in finished raw form. Now these are more aesthetic and less fragrant dry briquettes, but just as effective.

1. The first step will be warming up, that is, the launch of biofuel, for which it is dropped into the ground for a week by several centimeters. The soil before this is well loosened with a pitchfork.
2. As soon as you notice the steam emanating from the beds, it can be buried in the soil. To do this, dig trenches 50-55 cm deep. Spread manure or briquettes in a dense layer, layer thickness 40 cm.

If straw is added, the effect will be longer, but the temperature will be lower.

1. Then sprinkle manure with earth to the top of the bed (10 cm) and after 5-7 days you can start planting.

Heating a greenhouse in winter with the use of biofuels is a centuries-old method. However, in this case, this method will be defined only as an auxiliary one. For high-quality and uninterrupted heating of a greenhouse under any external weather conditions, more serious heat sources are required.

Water heating system

A heated winter greenhouse using heated water is by far the best option among all existing ones.

The principle of operation of this method is no different from the boiler method of heating residential buildings. To install a water heating system for a greenhouse, several pipes and a boiler for heating water should be purchased. Installation can be carried out both on their own and with the involvement of specialists.

Pipes can be laid not only in the interior of the room for air heating, but also in the ground under the parent soil layer.

The use of such a heating method, firstly, will provide the greenhouse with the necessary temperature indicators, and secondly, it will not hit the wallet hard. Although, of course, this is already a complete and reliable heating system, and its arrangement and maintenance in any case will cost money.

Use of electrical appliances

Another technical heating method. One of the most popular, because in our country there is not a single settlement left without electricity.

Numerous special electrical appliances are used to heat the inside of the greenhouse. These include:

• special convectors;
• heat guns;
• fans;
• infrared lamps;
• infrared heaters UFO,

that is, all those units that are designed to heat the air inside the structure. Heating mats and electric cables for underground heating are also very often used.

This is a very reliable and effective method of heating a greenhouse in the winter. However, buildings heated by this method can afford only well-to-do enterprises.

How to make warm beds

These devices are considered the most economical compared to other electric heating options.

1. For the arrangement, it is necessary to dig trenches 55-60 cm deep in the beds, the bottom is covered with insulating material. This is necessary so that all the heat rises up to the roots of the plants, and does not “spread” to nowhere.
2. A 5-cm layer of sand is poured onto the insulation, it is compacted tightly, covered with a fine mesh.
3. They lay out heating mats or an electric cable with polypropylene insulation with a diameter of 6 mm, a bending radius of at least 35 mm.

To obtain a sufficient amount of heat, it is necessary to proceed from a certain cable power. On average, this is 75-100 W / sq.m., but at the same time, the linear power should not be higher than 10 W / sq.m., so as not to overheat the roots.

1. They make another 5 cm sand layer with obligatory tamping.
2. The sand is covered with a mesh so that it does not mix with the soil.
3. The soil is poured with the last layer by 35-40 cm. Planting can be started immediately.

Heating a greenhouse in winter using electricity for non-commercial purposes is very expensive and unprofitable for the average gardener.

Gas heating

Along with the water method, this method can also be called optimal. If the greenhouse is small, bottled gas can be used. If the greenhouse has an industrial scale, natural main gas should be used. To do this, you need to obtain permission, buy equipment (burner and pipes) and carry out installation work.

It is profitable to use gas, because it is cheaper than electricity. However, when using such a resource, you should definitely equip the greenhouse with a good ventilation system. This somewhat reduces the efficiency of the greenhouse in comparison with the use of water heating, while the gas heating system remains one of the most popular and financially profitable.

VIDEO: Heating the earth in a greenhouse with air. Air pipes as thermal insulation

How to save on fuel

It is clear that an economical heated winter greenhouse is of interest to everyone - both ordinary summer residents and businessmen. We offer 2 very simple, but quite effective ways to save on heating.

1. High beds - with biofuel where a 40-cm layer of soil rises above the heat source. Convenient, inexpensive, practical. Moreover, such ridges are easier to care for.
2. Electrical heating cable. Frankly, it is hard to imagine that a modern heated winter greenhouse could do without such a simple, but very rational way of heating.

As we could see, a heated winter greenhouse will become a true and reliable friend for every gardener who wants to keep up the pace of production of his household even in the cold winter period. Moreover, its presence is simply necessary when running an agricultural business, because a properly equipped and heated greenhouse will save the entrepreneur from the scourge of seasonality.

VIDEO: Do-it-yourself heating in a greenhouse is easy: Bubafonya stove

Many gardeners are interested in ensuring that the greenhouse does not stand idle during the cold season. But for growing plants in winter, a temperature regime of at least + 18 ° C is required. Farmers face a difficult task - to think over the heating of the greenhouse in order to collect several crops and have fresh fruits and vegetables on the table all year round.

To get an excellent result, you need to take care of the heating in the greenhouse

Arrangement of a year-round greenhouse

On sale for a long time there are ready-made greenhouse structures with high-quality heating provided. This is necessary in harsh climatic conditions for both farmers and private traders. If desired, you can prepare an ordinary greenhouse for use in the winter.

Heating in a greenhouse will help grow crops in winter

It is advisable to insulate the base so that hypothermia of the soil does not lead to a decrease in yield:

1. The foundation can be a wooden platform. It is treated with an antiseptic and covered with a waterproofing material.
2. The second option is pouring concrete with further insulation with foam.

A high-quality foundation base will significantly reduce heat loss in winter. But no less important role is played by the covering material for greenhouses. Most often it is glass or polycarbonate. Despite the external similarity, they have large differences in characteristics.

Glass perfectly transmits light, but its weight and inability to bend complicates installation, and high thermal conductivity does not allow maintaining a stable temperature during the day. Polycarbonate greenhouses are the highest quality constructions for year-round use. Having made heating in a polycarbonate greenhouse with your own hands, you can be sure of good early harvests.

In this video you will learn how to insulate a greenhouse:

Heating options

When choosing a heating method, it is necessary to take into account the peculiarities of using your greenhouse, its area, climate, seedling varieties, types of heating in a residential building and financial possibilities. In a small greenhouse, it is impractical to install an expensive heating system.

It is also necessary to understand the main sources of heating:

• solar;
• biological;
• furnace;
• electric;
• gas;
• air.

Having chosen the appropriate method, you can mount the heating of the greenhouse with your own hands.

Natural Ways

Simple and economical natural heating methods are auxiliary. These are solar energy and biofuels.

The sun is the most economical form of energy

Solar heating is suitable for regions where the climate is mild and the average winter temperature does not drop below zero. For colder regions, this method has been used since March-April. In order for the plants to receive a sufficient amount of light and heat, the greenhouse must be placed in a well-lit place without drafts.

The transparent rounded roof warms up better in the sun. Such an arcuate shape of greenhouse structures is the most resistant to winds and various loads.

Warming organics

The use of biofuels has been proven for centuries. The old folk method is based on the ability of organic matter to release a large amount of heat during decomposition. Experienced gardeners use this to set up warm beds by mixing pet manure with compost made from rotted straw, bark residue, grass, leaves, or unusable fruit. Horse manure heats up especially quickly.

Manure will fertilize, and at the same time warm the soil

Instead of manure, you can use special dry briquettes that do not have a specific smell, but are just as effective. To start, biofuels are added a little bit into well-loosened soil. When steam begins to flow from the beds a week later, they can be covered with fertile soil and seedlings can be planted. High warm beds are convenient and practical in terms of caring for them.

Natural cheap methods are auxiliary, because solar energy is not always enough to heat the greenhouse, and biofuel begins to decompose only at a certain temperature.

In case of frost, such heating will not save the plants, so it is impossible to do without capital heat sources in winter. Having studied the basic systems, you can make home-made heating in the greenhouse.

More about winter heating:

Basic heating systems

There are different ways to maintain the optimum temperature in the greenhouse. The easiest is to install a greenhouse over a heating main laid in the ground. The main rule for all heating systems is the uniform distribution of warm air flows around the entire perimeter of the room.

It will not be difficult to make air heating a greenhouse with your own hands. To do this, a piece of steel pipe is inserted into the greenhouse at one end, and the other is left outside. A fire is kindled under it, warming the air in the pipe, which will be distributed throughout the greenhouse. This is an easy way, but not very convenient, since you need to constantly monitor the fire.

Gas heating has its advantages in terms of constant supply and affordable price. It will be more economical for owners of private greenhouses to purchase bottled gas than to carry it from home to the greenhouse. The main disadvantage of this method is the release of a large amount of carbon dioxide, which will inhibit the growth of plants. In this case, it is necessary to consider an exhaust hood for combustion products. Small gas guns are effective and safe to use. They can quickly heat a greenhouse with minimal gas consumption.

Warm beds can be made with your own hands

For heating by means of electricity, a variety of devices are used: radiators, infrared lamps, heaters, heat guns, cable equipment. The most economical way is to lay a special electrical cable along the beds. It is buried in the soil by 10 cm, after which it will heat the plants, consuming electricity depending on the power. Sometimes the cable is laid in the walls, which prevents the entry of cold. The heating cable is often installed as an additional source of heating.

The "grandfather" version of heating - stove - is very common among gardeners in rural areas. It does not depend on the supply of gas and electricity sources. The fuel for the stove can be wood, coal. It is not recommended to install a metal potbelly stove near the walls due to strong heating, because. because of this, the material of the greenhouse structure may be damaged. Such an oven must be installed in the center of the room on a solid foundation. Metal furnaces equipped with a water or air circuit can be located anywhere.

A brick oven is preferable, which keeps heat well and does not dry out the air. A special pipe with access to the street is designed to remove smoke and gases. A brick oven is great for heating a greenhouse on frosty days. The disadvantages of this method are the constant monitoring of the furnace and the quality of the fuel.

Heating of this type will warm both the air and the ground

Water heating is considered the most efficient and economically beneficial. This requires a solid fuel or gas boiler for heating water and several pipes. As an option - heating water with a boiler, followed by pumping into pipes using a pump. In this way, both air and soil can be heated. Do-it-yourself installation of water heating for a greenhouse is quite within the power of economic gardeners and farmers. You can also connect to a common heating system with a separate circuit for autonomy.

All heating methods have their pros and cons. Each gardener can find for himself the least expensive option in terms of finances and efforts. It is possible that this will be a whole heating system designed for many years of operation. Knowing the installation features of popular heating methods, having calculated the amount of cash investments, it is quite possible to make heating in a greenhouse with your own hands.

How to make heating in a greenhouse with your own hands:

A heated greenhouse is a great way to extend the growing season and fruiting of vegetables. There are several ways to equip a heating system, the choice depends on the area of ​​\u200b\u200bthe greenhouse and its purpose, as well as the resources available to you. You can install the heating system with your own hands.

It is advisable to install heating systems in year-round greenhouses or during early spring planting of vegetables, herbs and flowers.

Effective ways to heat greenhouses include:

• furnace heating, including with air and water circuit;
• water heating based on a solid fuel, gas or electric boiler;
• heating with a gas gun;
• electric heating with convectors or infrared heaters;
• heating the soil with a heating cable or water heating pipes.

The methods can be combined, for example, by installing stove heating as the main source of heating and a heating cable as an additional one.

When installing a boiler and installing a water heating system, soil heating is also done with water, connecting pipes with a separate circuit.

Heating with gas guns is quite effective - the room warms up quickly, and the gas consumption is small. The gun takes up little space and is quite safe to use.

When using electric heating as the main one, it is recommended to use infrared heaters - they heat the soil and the plants themselves without drying out the air. Convectors heat the air, while in the lower part of the greenhouse - in the root zone - the temperature remains low, and at the top - excessively high. For this reason, convectors are usually used only for temporary heating.

Prices for heat guns

heat guns

Furnace heating of the greenhouse

Furnaces for greenhouses can be metal or brick. The second option is preferable - the brick heats up longer, but at the same time it retains heat well and cools down for a long time, and the temperature in the greenhouse remains stable. When heated with a brick oven, the air does not dry out, the humidity remains at an acceptable level.

Metal stoves warm up quickly, but have a low heat capacity and heat only as long as the firewood is burning. At the same time, the walls of the devices become very hot and dry the air. For this reason, metal furnaces are often equipped with a water circuit with registers or radiators - the heated water in them cools down gradually, smoothing out temperature fluctuations.

Metal stoves for greenhouses

• metal stoves are mobile, they can be installed for several cold months, and removed in summer;
• they do not require the arrangement of the foundation and do not take up much space;
• by choosing a suitable model, you can connect a water circuit;
• the price of metal furnaces is not too high;
• installation and installation can be done by hand, even without the skills of laying furnaces.

Disadvantages of metal furnaces:

• the heating process cannot be automated, the furnace will have to be heated manually;
• metal stoves dry the air, so it is necessary to install water containers in the greenhouse to humidify the air.

You can install the stove both in the greenhouse itself, and in the vestibule or utility room, bringing the air or water circuit into the greenhouse. The chimney from a metal stove can be placed in the space of the greenhouse, setting it at an angle of at least 15 degrees - this will provide additional heating. In this case, an uninsulated metal pipe is used. To pass through the roof or wall of the greenhouse, it is necessary to use special heat-insulated boxes.

Long chimney creates additional heating

Note! When installing the stove, it is important to take care of its stability! If the stove topples over, it may cause a fire or damage to the greenhouse!

An overview of popular and inexpensive models of metal furnaces is shown in Table 1.

Table 1. Furnaces for heating industrial greenhouses.

Models, illustrations	Short description
	Compact and inexpensive furnace with the simplest possible design. Thermal power of 4 kW allows heating a greenhouse up to 80 m3, that is, an area of ​​25-30 m2. The body of the stove is made of steel, firewood is used as fuel. The surface of the stove can be used as a stove, for example, to heat water for irrigation or humidification.
	A small stove made of heat-resistant steel, equipped with side convectors that distribute warm air. Power 6 kW, designed for greenhouses up to 60 m2 in size. The firebox door has a viewing window with glass, which allows you to control the process of burning firewood. On the top surface there is a burner on which you can heat water. Fuel - firewood or incinerated garbage.
	Stove with a power of 5 kW for heating greenhouses with an area of ​​up to 50 m2. Equipped with a casing with convection holes that contribute to uniform heat transfer. There is a burner on the surface. Fuel is wood. Differs in stability, the small sizes and weight.
	Power 6 kW, greenhouse area - 60-80 m2. The sides of the oven are protected by casings, so that they do not heat up to temperatures that are dangerous for plants. Casings are equipped with convection openings. The door is firmly locked, which eliminates smoke. A convenient ash box allows you to collect it and use it as fertilizer.
	Power 6 kW, area - up to 60 m2. The furnace is made according to the type of gas generator and has two combustion chambers. In the first one, firewood is burned, in the second, afterburning of flue gases takes place. The walls of the furnace are formed by hollow pipes. Cold air enters there from the bottom, heats up when the stove is fired and exits through the top. Due to constant air exchange, the stove does not overheat. Air ducts can be connected to the pipes, and the oven itself can be installed in an adjacent room. The furnace has a long burning mode - up to 10 hours.
	A 6 kW furnace for heating a greenhouse up to 60 m2 is equipped with a water jacket located around the walls of the furnace. Connected to the water heating system. The furnace works like a gas generator, equipped with a long burning mode. It has a compact size and high efficiency. As fuel, you can use any firewood, woodworking waste, branches, cardboard. Easy to maintain and safe.

Note! The choice of furnaces for greenhouses is very large, when choosing, you need to pay attention to thermal power and functionality.

Installation of a metal furnace in a greenhouse

Step 1. Prepare a solid base of paving slabs, bricks or tightly packed earth. It is better to place the stove in the center of the greenhouse so that the heating is more even. Furnaces with an air or water circuit are placed in any convenient place, observing the fire-prevention distances indicated in the passport.

Step 2 Install the stove on the prepared surface, check whether it will be convenient to load firewood and remove ashes. If there is a main wall, the furnace is installed with the back wall to it.

Step 3 Connect the chimney of the desired diameter to the chimney using a heat-resistant sealant. The installation of the chimney must be carried out in accordance with the diagram. Narrowing of the chimney is not allowed.

Step 4 If necessary, connect a water or air circuit.

Note! Furnaces with a water heat exchanger must not be fired without a filled heating system, as this will damage it.

Brick stoves for greenhouses

Brick heating stoves are usually used in year-round greenhouses. Brick ovens can effectively heat a greenhouse even during the frosty winter months due to their increased heat capacity. Any heating stove is suitable for a greenhouse, the main thing is that the heat output matches the area. Below is the laying technology of a simple brick oven.

To build a brick oven you will need:

• solid ceramic brick - 220 pcs.;
• fireclay bricks - 80 pcs.;
• clay masonry mortar - 80 l;
• chamotte masonry mortar - 30 l;
• concrete for the foundation - 0.25 m 3;
• finished cast iron products - grate, furnace, blower and cleaning doors, smoke damper;
• scraps of roofing material or glass isol.

A sectional drawing of the furnace is shown in the figure. The height of the furnace to the chimney is 215 cm, the structure can be placed in almost any greenhouse of standard sizes. The horizontal dimensions of the furnace are 51x77 cm.

Step 1. Foundation arrangement. A solid foundation is required for any brick oven. It is made of reinforced concrete with a thickness of at least 20-30 cm. Under the foundation, soil is removed from an area of ​​70x100 cm to a depth of 35-40 cm. The bottom is leveled with coarse sand with a layer of 20 cm, formwork from boards is installed around the perimeter. Reinforcement bars Ø12 mm are laid in the form of two rows of lattice with a step of 20 cm. Concrete is mixed and poured into the prepared pit. The foundation is dried for at least three weeks, moistening the surface from time to time.

Step 2 Ash pan and furnace masonry. Start laying the furnace according to the scheme. The first 4 rows are laid out of red brick on clay masonry mortar. Install the ash pan door, fixing it in the masonry with a wire.

Fastening the legs to the frame of the furnace door: 1 - door; 2 - frame; 3 - paws.
Overlapping of the furnace door: A - overlap; B - "to the castle"; B - wedge-shaped brick

Rows from 5 to 12 are laid out of fireclay bricks on a refractory mortar. In the 5th row, a grate is laid. In 6.7 and 8 rows, a furnace door is installed. Rows 9 to 12 form the vault of the firebox.

Step 3 Rows from 13 to 15 are also laid from fireclay bricks on a refractory mortar. Rows 13 and 14 cover the vault of the firebox, and a cleaning door is installed in 15. From the 16th row, the laying is again carried out with red brick. In the 16th row, the installation of the cleaning door continues. Rows 17 to 21 form smoke channels. In the 22nd row, they put the first smoke damper.

Step 4 Rows 23 to 27 continue the smoke channels. In the 28th row, the narrowing of the channel is laid out; in the 29th, a second smoke damper is installed. Rows 30 and 31 form the roof of the oven. Starting from the 32nd row, they lay a chimney of the desired height from 4 bricks with dressing.

The process of laying the furnace is shown in detail in the video.

Brick prices

Video - Laying a small heating stove

Note! For greenhouses of low height, it is possible to build a stove with horizontally located smoke channels.

Water heating in the greenhouse can be done in two ways: by connecting the greenhouse to the heating system of the house or by installing a separate boiler. The connection to the common system is performed by a separate circuit so that it can be turned off and the water drained.

In the case of installing a separate heating system, a boiler is installed in the greenhouse.

Depending on the most accessible and cheap fuel, this can be a boiler:

• gas;
• solid fuel;
• electric;
• universal.

A gas boiler is considered the most economical and convenient to use. It maintains the set mode automatically, while heating the greenhouse is inexpensive. To remove combustion products from gas boilers, a coaxial chimney is used, the surface of which practically does not heat up.

Solid fuel boilers, depending on the modification, can run on wood, coal and pellets. This fuel is also inexpensive, but the level of automation of most solid fuel boilers is low, they require constant monitoring and loading.

Electric boilers are characterized by a high level of automation, they can maintain the temperature in day and night mode. They are compact, silent and completely safe. They have only one drawback - the high price of electricity.

How to choose a boiler for a greenhouse

The choice of a boiler for a greenhouse depends primarily on its size and the type of crops grown. If there is gas on the site, it is more profitable and more convenient to heat a greenhouse of any area using a gas boiler. In non-gasified areas, you have to choose between other types of boilers.

In a year-round greenhouse with an area of ​​​​more than 50 m 2, with available firewood, it is better to install a solid fuel boiler. In this case, the cost of its installation and installation of the chimney will pay off in 1-3 years.

In a small greenhouse with occasional use, it is not advisable to install a solid fuel boiler. It is easier to install a low-power electric boiler - it does not require a specially designated place and installation of a chimney, and the energy costs in this case will be low.

Polycarbonate winter greenhouses have long ceased to be a rarity: modern technologies make it possible to create the necessary microclimate in them and grow greens, vegetables and even berries for your table or for sale. Read more.

Calculation of the number of radiators

To ensure a favorable microclimate in the greenhouse, it is necessary to first determine the required number of radiators. The calculation for greenhouses with a height of less than 3 meters can be carried out according to a simplified scheme - by area.

The area is determined by the formula:

S = a*b

WhereS - greenhouse area, m 2;a andb - length and width of the greenhouse, m.

The calculated thermal power of the greenhouse is determined by the formula:

P = S * 120,

WhereP is the calculated thermal power, W;S - greenhouse area, m 2.

Calculation of the number of radiator sections:

n=P:p,

Wheren is the number of radiator sections of the selected type;p is the thermal power of one section of the radiator, indicated in the data sheet, W.

The resulting number of sections is evenly distributed throughout the greenhouse, distributing them over several radiators.

Note! For greenhouses, it is better to choose radiators of minimum height - this way the root space and soil will fully warm up.

Installation of a water heating system

Regardless of the type of boiler chosen, the greenhouse water heating system is installed according to the same scheme.

In addition to the boiler, the system includes:

• pipes and radiators;
• circulation pump;
• expansion tank;
• security group;
• coarse filter;
• balancing valve
• in the case of heating several circuits - a collector unit.

For solid fuel boilers and high power greenhouses, it is also recommended to install a heat accumulator. The heating circuit connection diagram is shown in the figure.

Step 1. Boiler installation. To install a solid fuel boiler, it is better to equip a vestibule or boiler room. Gas and electric boilers are located directly in the greenhouse.

Depending on the type, the unit is installed on the floor or hung on a solid wall. For floor installation, it is necessary to prepare a solid horizontal base - a concrete foundation or paving slabs laid on a sand cushion.

Step 2 Chimney connection. This step is performed for solid fuel or gas boilers. For solid fuel boilers, a stainless steel sandwich chimney is used. It is brought out through the roof or wall in accordance with the scheme.

For gas boilers use a coaxial chimney. It is taken out directly through the wall at the installation site of the boiler. Due to the complete combustion of gas in boilers, the output is water vapor and carbon dioxide with a small content of other elements, so the smoke from gas boilers is not dangerous for the walls of the greenhouse and the respiratory organs of people.

Step 3 Connecting radiators to the heating system. Radiators are mounted on the walls, evenly distributing them throughout the greenhouse. An air valve is installed on each radiator - a Mayevsky tap, as well as valves with which you can block the flow of water into the radiator. Radiators are mounted according to the selected scheme. For the heating system, pipes Ø20-Ø25 mm are used.

Step 4 Expansion tank installation. For a forced circulation system, an expansion tank of a closed membrane type is usually used. It does not have strict requirements for the installation site. The membrane expansion tank is a sealed cylinder, the interior of which is separated by a polymer membrane. One part of the tank is filled with air, the other - with a coolant. With excessive heating and expansion of the coolant, the membrane bends, and the air in the other chamber is compressed. This equalizes the pressure in the system.

The tank is mounted in the system anywhere, usually immediately after leaving the boiler or in front of the circulation pump. Connection is made from below through the valve.

Step 5 Installation of the security group. The safety group consists of a pressure gauge, a safety valve and an air vent, which are placed on a steel manifold equipped with a coupling for connecting to the system. The safety group is connected immediately after the boiler in a place with maximum temperature and pressure.

Step 6 Installation of the circulation pump. The circulation pump is necessary to maintain a stable pressure in the system. It is installed on the return pipe before entering the boiler. A coarse filter must be placed in front of the pump.

Step 7 Pressurization with air. It is carried out to identify defects in equipment and installation. After the installation is completed, a special compressor is connected to the system, all Mayevsky valves and taps are closed, then the pressure indicated in the passport for the boiler and radiators is applied. After stabilizing the pressure, inspect all joints and nodes, check them with soap foam: apply it with a sponge to the joints and make sure that there are no bubbles.

After successful pressure testing, the boiler and the system are filled with coolant, and a trial run of the boiler is carried out. Air is bled using Mayevsky taps and the system is balanced using balancing taps on radiators.

Note! Gas and electric boilers with a high level of automation can be equipped with a circulation pump, expansion tank and safety devices. Before installing the system, carefully read the instructions for the boiler.

Prices for the circulation pump

circulation pump

Electric heating of the greenhouse

Infrared heaters are usually used to heat a greenhouse: they heat the soil and create a feeling of warmth, while objectively the temperature in the greenhouse can be moderate, and electricity costs are low. In some cases, other types of heaters are also used.

The calculation of the required number of infrared heaters is carried out according to a simplified scheme: for every 10 m 2 of a greenhouse, 1 kW of heater power is needed. For example, for a greenhouse with an area of ​​30 m 2, heaters with a total power of 3 kW are needed. This power is evenly distributed to several devices.

Infrared heaters are suspended from the greenhouse frame on brackets and connected to the electrical network. If necessary, heating can be automated by connecting temperature sensors located at a height of 80-100 cm. Light from heaters should not fall on the sensors, otherwise measurement errors may occur.

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