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  • Kushkin in alexander Nevsky. Unknown Alexander Nevsky: Whether she was "ice", whether the prince of Ordans and other controversial issues bowed

    Kushkin in alexander Nevsky. Unknown Alexander Nevsky: Whether she was

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    Prince Alexander Nevsky and his era. Research and materials. Ed. Yu. K. Begunov and A. N. Kirpichnikova. St. Petersburg: D. Bulanin, 1995. 214 p. (City Hall of St. Petersburg. Russian Academy science Institute of Material History). Content: Sobchak A.A. Alexander Nevsky - Patron of St. Petersburg (P. 3-5). From editors - with. 7-11. Likhachev D.S. The word about Alexander Nevsky (P. 13-14). W As Kolsky I. P. Nevskaya Battle of 1240 in the light of the data of modern science (P. 15-23). Bricks A.N. Nevskaya Battle of 1240 and its tactical features (p. 24-30). Spit A.B. The editorial art of Prince Alexander Yaroslavich in the Nevsky Battle (P. 31-37). Sokolov Yu.F. Alexander Nevsky: the formation of personality and tradition (P. 38-43). Lind D. G. Some considerations about the Nevsky Battle and its meaning (P. 44-54). Runners Yu.K. Russian sources about the Nevsky Battle. Several comments on the report of John Linda (P. 55-58). Mathewerova S. Alexander Nevsky and his era (P. 58-64). Hesh E. Eastern Politics of the German Order in the XIII century. (P. 65-74). CERNAK K. Alexander Nevsky and "Window to Europe" (P. 75-80). Beletsky St., Satyreva D.N. Pskov and the Order in the first third of the XIII century (P. 81-85). Oakov I. V. Pereyaslavl-Zalessky - Motherland Alexander Nevsky (P. 86-92). Froyanov I.Ya. About the princely power in Novgorod IX - the first half of the XIII century (P. 93-99). Andreev V.F. Was the princely domain in the Novgorod land of the XII-XV centuries? (P. 100-107). Lebedev G.S. North-West of the Novgorod Land: Stages and results of development by the middle of the XIII century (by archaeological data) (P. 108-113). Saksa A.I. Northern Baltic-Finnish tribes in the era of Alexander Nevsky (P. 114-122). Ryabinin E.A. Waterland of Veliky Novgorod and Alexander Nevsky. Historical and archaeological realities (P. 123-127). Yanin V.L. Berbrist certificates about the defense of Novgorod Rubbers in the XIII century (P. 128-133). Jackson TN. Alexander Nevsky and Khakon Old: Embassy Exchange (P. 134-139). Khoroshevich A.L. "Equestrian prints" of Alexander Nevsky and the tradition of modern spragistry (P. 140-145). Ziborov V.K. About the new copy of Alexander Nevsky's seal (P. 146-150). Johnishyan O.M. XIII century in the history of the ancient Russian architecture. The main trends in the development of the architectural process (P. 151-156). Blanks J. "The Word about the regiment of Igor", the lives of Alexander Nevsky and the embroidery of Queen Matilda from Bayo as a reflection of the life of the feudal society (P. 157-162). Runners Yu.K. The lives of Alexander Nevsky in Russian literature of the XIII-XVIII centuries (P. 163-171). Runners Yu.K. The iconography of the holy prince Alexander Nevsky (P. 172-176). Moiseeva G.N. The image of Alexander Nevsky in the work of M. V. Lomonosov (P. 177-180). Bratchikova EK Alexander Nevsky and the art of Palekh icon painters (P. 181-184). John O.M., Thomsinsky C.B. Report on the exhibition "Alexander Nevsky in the monuments of Russian culture in the State Hermitage" (P. 185-186). Runners Yu K. Edition without a textologist. [Review) (P. 187-189). Texts. Sources and biography. Life of Alexander Nevsky. First edition. 1280s. Translation and comments; The chronicle story about the battle on the Neva (P. 190-204). The genealogy of Alexander Nevsky (P. 205). Chronicle of the life and activities of Alexander Nevsky (P. 206-209).

    Prince Alexander Nevsky. Materials of scientific and practical conferences 1989 and 1994. Ot. Red.: Yu. K. Runners and A. N. Bricks. St. Petersburg, 1995. 111c. (Administration of the Kolpinsky district of St. Petersburg, Krapitsa). Content: Part One. The introductory word of the head of the administration of the Kolpinsky district V.D. Colossian (p. 4). Bricks A.N. Prince Alexander Nevsky. History and modernity (P. 5-8). Runners Yu.K. Alexander Nevsky and Russian Statehood (P. 8-12). Dubov I.V. The role of the historical and cultural environment in the formation of the personality of Alexander Nevsky (P. 12-19). Krivosheev Yu.V. Russian princes and rational khans (P. 19-21). Mayorov A.B. Alexander Nevsky and Daniel Galitsky (to the question of the relationship between Russian princes with Tatars) (P. 21-24). Sazanov sv. About the monastic name of Alexander Nevsky (P. 25-27). Shishkin A.A., Glyaev Yu.N. Alexander Nevsky and Glenchevy-Kutuzov (P. 27-30). Sorokin P.E. From the history of wooden churches Ust-Izhora (P. 31-33). Toropov G.V. Izhora tradition (p. 33-35). Sushko A.M. Alexander Nevsky in the work of Evgenia Orlova (P. 35-38).

    Part two. Alexander Nevsky: Personality and Acts. Materials of the scientific and practical conference. Leningrad. December 6, 1989 Martyugov GM Memorial of the Nevsky Battle of Ust-Izhora (P. 40). Appeal to compatriots in connection with the 750th anniversary of the Nevsky Battle (P. 41-42). Runners Yu.K. Alexander Nevsky and modernity (P. 42-48). Bricks A.N. 750th anniversary of the Nevsky battle and her historical meaning (P. 48-55). Lebedev G.S. Crusades of Swedes in Finland, Ingrey and Karelia - Head of the Prehistory of St. Petersburg (P. 55-61). Ø ac Negole Ki I. P. Battle on the Neva (to the 750th anniversary) (P. 61-69). Ziborov V. K. Monuments of the Old Russian writing is the main source of our knowledge about the era of Alexander Nevsky (P. 69-73). Gumilev L.N. Alexander Nevsky and Eastern Christianity (P. 73-78). Degtyarev A.Ya. Do you not change the battleship? (P. 78-82). Roses A.A. Memorial complex "Nevsky Battle" (P. 83-85). Runners Yu.K., Sapunov B.V. The history of the relics and cancer of the Holy Prince of the Grand Duke Alexander Nevsky (P. 85-90). Applications. Cost. Yu.K. Runners. The story of the battle on the Neva from the lives of Alexander Nevsky first edition. 1280s. Reconstruction text. The chronicle story about the battle on the Neva. From the synodal list of the XIV century Novgorod 1st annals of the elderly. Tree of memory. A. Mikey. In the city in 1263. The chronology of the life and activities of Alexander Nevsky. Brief bibliography (P. 91-109).

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    Brief life-in-law of Russian saints, compiled by Archimandrite Ignatius. St. Petersburg., 1875.

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    Ice breaking 1242 years. Proceeds of an integrated expedition on clarifying the place of ice travel. M.; L., 1966. 254 p. (Academy of Sciences of the USSR. Institute of Archeology).

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    Matusov V.I., Pashutu V.T. Message of Pope Innocent IV Prince Alexander Nevsky // Studia Historica in Honorem Hans Kruus. Tallinn, 1971. Since 136-138.

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    Pashutu V.T. To disputes about the reliability of Alexander Nevsky's love // \u200b\u200bHistory of the USSR. 1974. No. 1. P. 208-209.

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    Transferring the relics of the Holy Prince of St. Alexander Nevsky from Vladimir to St. Petersburg // Vladimir Diocesan Vedomosti. Vladimir, 1868. No. 17. Part of neopic. P. 843-856.

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    Crazy MD Alexander Nevsky Lavra at Peter Great (for the upcoming two hundred anniversary of St. Petersburg // Wanderer. SPb., 1903. № 4. No. 569-597. No. 6. P. 41-861. No. 7. P. 16-30.

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    Saint and Blessed Great Prince Alexander Nevsky. Cost. T. A. Sokolova. M.: Novator, 1998 (Series "Ross"). 392 s, ill. Content: The word about the death of the Russian Earth (P. 9-10). The story of life and about the courage of the glory and grand prince Alexander. Translation V. I. Huncant (P. 11-18). Saga about Hakone, son of Hakon (passage). Translation T. N. Jakson (P. 19-20). Mikhail Heathrov. Saint Blessed Great Prince Alexander Yaroslavich Nevsky (P. 21-213). Nikolay Karamzin. The Sun of Fatherland. From the "Story of the Russian State" (P. 214-247). Apollo Maikov. The victory of Alexander Nevsky over the Swedes (1240) (P. 248-251). Nikolay Klepinin. Saint and Blessed Great Prince Alexander Nevsky (P. 252-364). George Vernadsky. Two feathers sv. Alexander Nevsky (P. 365-380). High-High-Grass John, Metropolitan of St. Petersburg and Ladoga. Blessed husband (holy blessed prince Alexander Nevsky) (P. 381-387). Events from the life of St. Alexandra (P. 388).

    Saint Alexander Nevsky. Collection of articles to the 760th anniversary of the Nevsky Battle, executing in 2000 / compiler A.M. Sushi Co. Ot. ed. Yu. K. Runov. Ust-Izhora, 1999. 99 p. Content: Runners Yu.K. Saint Alexander Nevsky (P. 3-5). Runners Yu.K. The choice of Alexander Nevsky and the importance of choice for the fate of Russian statehood and civilization (P. 6-17). Levintov A. I. Nevskaya Battle (P. 18-24) Titov S. The Battle of Knights (once again about the progress of the ice entrance) (P. 25-44). Sapunov B. V. Raka Alexander Nevsky (P. 45-49). Sushko A.M. What I see the future of Ust-Izhora (Museum and Park Zone) (P. 50-53). Sorokin P.E. Ust-Izhora. The program of creating a museum-reserve (P. 54-67). Sokolov P.a. Alexander Nevsky, Nevskaya Battle, Ice Battle: Panorama of Opinions (P. 68-83). Runners Yu.K. The chronology of the life and activities of Alexander Nevsky (P. 84-94). Runners Yu.K. Falsification of Professor Colucci (P. 95-97). The genealogy of Alexander Nevsky (P. 98).

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    Pillars - Warrior of the Earth and the Church of the Russian, Saint Blessed Great Prince Alexander Nevsky. Life, exploits and miracles of the Blessed Prince and His Bagranogenic Supports: Vasily, Konstantin, Feodora, David and Konstantin The Wonderworkers of Yaroslavsky. M., 1901. Reprint: Mytishchi, b. G.

    Pages of combat past: essays of the military history of Russia. M., 1968.

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    FICTION

    Alexander Nevskiy. Collection ... N. Chmarev. Alexander Nevskiy. B. Klepikov. Alexander Nevskiy. Historical novels. M.: New School, 1996.

    Belov V. I. Alexander Nevsky. Piece // Soviet drama. M., 1988. No. 1. P. 112-152.

    Grigoriev 3. About the film "Alexander Nevsky". M., 1938. 32 s, Ill.

    Makarichin V.P. Vityaz North Rus. Tale about Alexander Nevsky. M., 1993.

    Mosiyash S.P. Alexander Nevskiy. Trilogy. L.: Dettle, 1982. 272 \u200b\u200bp. Perepisd.: Chisinau: ArtistiCE literature, 1888. 416 p. ill. M., 1993, 1994.

    Naumov N. Alexander Nevsky. 1220-1263. Filmcenerable. M., 1993.

    Nibeva I. V. [Cantata] "Alexander Nevsky" Prokofiev. M. 1968. 50 s.

    Pavlenko P.A., Eisenstein S.M. Alexander Nevskiy. Filmcenerable. M.: Goskinoizdat, 1938. The same // Banner. M., 1937. № 12. Same: Pavlenko P.A. Alexander Nevskiy. Film // Pavlenko P.A. Cathedral cit. in six volumes. M., 1954. T. 4. P. 225; Eisenstein S.M. Selected articles. M., 1955. Fees: Tikhomirov M.N. Identka above the story (about the "Rus" scenario) // Historic-Marxist. M., 1938. No. 2. Literary newspaper. M., 1938. 26.04. № 23 (730) (response P. Evstafieva).

    Sayanov V. Zhiya Alexander Nevsky // Heroic Poetry of Ancient Russia. L., 1944. Since 81-92.

    Subbotin A.A. For the land of Russian! Roman about Alexandra Nevsky. M., 1957; 1963; 1988.

    Tikhomirov O.N. Guarding Russia. The word about the campaigns of Alexander Nevsky. M., 1982. With 4-33.

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    Khokhlenko Y. Tale of the ancestors of Pushkin. M., 2000.

    Yugov A. K. Ratoborets. Daniel Galitsky. Alexander Nevsky // Sovar. cit. A. K. Yugova. M., 1985. T. 3. Roman was published in 1949, 1956, 1962, 1972, 1978, 1983, 1986

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    The battle took extremely stubborn character. In the end, the auxiliary troops of the Crusaders scored from Esta, and ran down the battle. The Germans ran behind them. Victory on April 5, 1242. On the ice of the Church of the Lake Russian regiments was complete. In the same year, the Germans sent an embassy in Novgorod, which entered into peace with Prince Alexander. The Order refused all his conquests 1240-1241. In the Novgorod Earth, let go of Pskov hostages and broke through the prisoners. The conditions for this contract were valid even in the XV century. The victory of Alexander Nevsky in the ice, the Order of the Order I remember for a long time. "

    "The life of Alexander Nevsky broke early. He was not even fulfilled forty-three years. But this life from adolescence was filled with major events, complex diplomatic negotiations, bold campaigns, decisive battles. As a commander Alexander Nevsky hardly has equal among other princes of medieval Russia. But he was a man of his era, in whose character was bizarrely combed cruelty to trarners and silence with the negative of the princely struggle and the desire to ease the position of the people conquered by the foreigners. It should be especially emphasized that Alexander, unlike grandfather, father, native brothers, even his own children never participated in bloody internecine fights. Internal conflicts were; To solve them, Alexander collected troops, however, it did not reach open actions, the threat of the use of force decided, and the power itself. It is quite obvious that this was a conscious policy of Alexander Nevsky, who perfectly understood that in conditions after the Batiev of the pogrom of Russian lands and alien domination, internal wars, even in the case of a complete victory of one of the parties, can only lead to the general weakening of Russia and the destruction of her labor and military population. Biographer of Alexander Nevsky, who wrote his life, who was not only the "Self-Share" of the Prince of Prince, but also an eyewitness to at least the consequences of Mongolian conquest, specifically drew attention to the fact that Nevsky, becoming the Grand Duke Vladimir, "Churches invalagna, Holds Power, People Cable in my houses. " Ensuring borders, preservation of the integrity of the territory, care for its population is the main features of the activity of Prince Alexander at that critical period of Russian history. About Alexandra Nevsky briefly, we can say with the words of the chronicler of the XIII W.: "Having worked for Novgorod and for the whole Rusie land" ".

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    Brief life-in-law of Russian saints, compiled by Archimandrite Ignatius. St. Petersburg., 1875.

    Krivosheev Yu.V. Mongols in Novgorod in 1257-1259. // Petersburg readings-97. Petersburg and Russia. Materials of the Encyclopedic Library of St. Petersburg-2003. St. Petersburg., 1997.

    Krivosheev Yu.V. Rus and Mongols. Research on the history of Northeast Rus X1I-XIV centuries. St. Petersburg., 1999. p. 140, 159, 162, 166, 170-171, 174-175, 178, 187-189, 192, 196-199, 203, 236-237, 240, 246, 310, 317, 331 , 348, 373, 376, 379, 384.

    Krivosheev Yu.V. "Tamgi" and "Tusk": to events 1257-1259. In Novgorod // Past Novgorod and Novgorod land. Abstracts of reports and reports of the Scientific Conference on November 12-14, 1996 Novgorod, 1996.

    Krotkov S. Nevskaya Battle and Ice Bare. M., 1897.

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    Kuchkin V.A. Mongol-Tatar Igo in the lighting of the Old Russian scribes (XIII - the first quarter of the XIV century) // Russian culture in conditions of foreign invasions and wars. X - the beginning of the XX century. M., 1990. Issue I. P. 36-39.

    Kuchkin V.A. About the date of birth of Alexander Nevsky // Questions of history. M., 1986. No. 2. P. 174-176.

    Kuchkin V.A. Rus under the yoke of Tatar-Mongols. How it was? M., 1995.

    Kuchkin V.A. Hard years of Alexander Nevsky // Eastern Europe in antiquity and Middle Ages. Ancient Rus in the system of ethnopolitical and cultural ties. Memory reading ... V. T. Pashutu. Abstracts reports. M., 1994.

    Kuchkin V.A. Formation of the state territory of Northeast Russia in the X-XIV centuries. M., 1984.

    Ice breaking 1242 years. Proceeds of an integrated expedition on clarifying the place of ice travel. M.; L., 1966. 254 p. (Academy of Sciences of the USSR. Institute of Archeology).

    Lerberg A.H. Studies that serve to explain the ancient Russian history. SPb., 1819. P. 125-126.

    Limonov Yu.A. Vladimir-Suzdal Rus. L., 1987.

    Lipitsky S.V. Battle on the Ice. M., 1964.

    Likhachev D.S. Galitsky literary tradition in the life of Alexander Nevsky // Proceedings of the department of Old Russian literature. M.; L., 1947. T. V. P. 49-52.

    Lukovsky I.V. Alexander Nevskiy. 1220-1263. L., 1942.

    Lurie A.Ya. Alexander Nevskiy. M., 1939.

    Lurie Ya.S. Criticism of the source and probability of news // Culture of ancient Russia. M., 1966. P. 123-125.

    Lurie Ya.S. Russia Ancient and Russia New (Favorites). St. Petersburg., 1997.

    Mavrodin V.V. Battle on the Ice. M., 1941.

    Madansky A. Russian chronograph. All Orthodox Russia times from Rurik to Nikolai H. M., 1999. P. 103-117.

    Macarium (Bulgakov), Mitre. History of the Russian Church. St. Petersburg., 1886. T. 5. P. 147-150; T. 7. SPb., 1891. P. 438-439, 442-443.

    Maksimov V. Holy Warrior Alexander // Soviet Russia. M., 2000. 1.06. № 62 (11957). P. 5.

    Malinina History of Novgorod Land in Old Russian Pewing Art // Music culture of the Middle Ages. M., 1990.

    Malyshev V.I. The life of Alexander Nevsky (according to the manuscript of the middle of the XVI century. Combs of the Kovka Old Believer community in Riga) // Proceedings of the department of Old Russian literature. M.; L., 1947. T. V. P. 185-193.

    Mansicka V.I. Life of Alexander Nevsky. Demonstration analysis and text. Monuments of ancient writing and art. T. CLXXX. St. Petersburg., 1913. 137 p. REC.: Bugoslavsky joint venture. To the question of the initial text of the life of the Grand Duke Alexander Nevsky // News of the Office of the Russian Language and Literature Imp. Academy of Sciences. St. Petersburg., 1914. T. XIX. No. 1. P. 261-290.

  • 5. Political fragmentation of Russia 12-14 centuries. Features of the development of individual Russian lands. (Vladimir-Suzdal, Galico-Volyn Principalities, Novgorod Boyar Republic).
  • 3. Novgorod feudal republic. Vladimir-Suzdal Principality
  • Galico-Volyn Principality.
  • Novgorod feudal republic
  • 6. Culture of Kiev Rus.
  • 7. Alexander Nevsky - a warlord and statesman.
  • 8. The invasion of Mongol-Tatars into Russian lands in the 18th century. Relationship between Russia and Horde.
  • 10. Moscow Rus in the second half of the 15th - early 16th centuries. Folding a single Russian state and its features.
  • 11. Ivan 4. Reforms of the 50s. Official.
  • 12. The main directions of the foreign policy of Ivan the Terrible.
  • 13. Culture and life of 14-16 centuries.
  • 14. "Smoot" in Russia at the beginning of 17 V.: Causes, ways to overcome.
  • 15. New phenomena in the socio-economic development and political life of Russia in the 17th century. The formation of absolutism.
  • 16. State reforms of Peter 1., restructuring of central and local governments.
  • 17. Foreign policy of Russia in the first quarter of 18 V .. Military reform of Peter 1.
  • 18. "The Epoch of Palace Dobor" at 18 V.
  • 19. Ekaterina 2. The policy of "enlightened absolutism".
  • 20. The main directions of the foreign policy of the Russian state in the second half of the 18th century.
  • 21. Culture and life of the 18th century.
  • 22. Domestic policy in Russia in the first quarter of 19 V. Alexander 1 and tendency to liberal politics.
  • 23. Patriotic War of 1812: Causes, Stages, Results.
  • 24. The movement of the Decembrists: Causes, Stages, Values.
  • 25. Internal policy of Nicholas 1.
  • 26. Public movement in Russia in the second quarter of the 19th century.
  • 27. Foreign policy of Russia in the second quarter of the 19th century. Crimean War.
  • 28. Culture of Russia 19th century
  • 29. Cancellation of serfdom in Russia: preparation, character, results.
  • 30. Liberal reforms of the 60s, 70s. 19th century, their meaning.
  • 31. The main directions of Russia's foreign policy in the second half of the 19th century. Folding military-political blocks in Europe.
  • 32. Education of political parties in the early 20th century.
  • 33. Revolution 1905 - 1907: Causes and main stages.
  • On June 3, 1907, a new electoral law was published simultaneously with the manifesto on dissolution of the II of State Duma. June is considered the last day of revolution 1905-1907.
  • 34. P. A. Stolypin and the modernization program of Russia.
  • 35. Russia's participation in the First World War: the causes, the main stages, the exit of Russia from the war.
  • 36. February bourgeois-democratic revolution. Deliciousness and its essence. Armed uprising in Petrograd in October 1917.
  • 37. Organization of the Soviet management system. Policy "Military Communism".
  • 38. Civil war and intervention in Russia: reasons, main stages, lessons.
  • 39. The formation of the SSR. National-state construction in the 20s - 30th.
  • 40. NEP: Essence, contradictions, results.
  • 41. Industrialization and collectivization in the USSR: Tasks, contradictions, results
  • 42. Political development of the country in the 30s. Approval of totalitarianism.
  • 43. International Position of the USSR in the 20s - 30s. Contracted of the foreign policy of the USSR on the eve of the Great Patriotic War
  • 44. Causes, character and main stages of the Great Patriotic War
  • 45. The root fracture during the Great Patriotic War
  • 46. \u200b\u200bForeign policy of the USSR during the Great Patriotic War
  • 47. The country's interior in 1945 - 1953.
  • 48. Socio-economic and political development of the Soviet society in the second half of the 50s - the first half of the 60s. Controversial nature of transformations.
  • 49. Soviet society in the mid-60s - early 80s. The increase in crisis phenomena. Socio-economic and socio-political life
  • 50. The controversial nature of the Perestroika policy (1985-1991)
  • 51. The collapse of the USSR. Education of the CIS. Polician crisis 1993
  • 52.Russia at the present stage of development.
  • 53. Culture and Gen. 17B.
  • 54. Peasant Wars in Russia 17 - 18 centuries. Stepan Razin and Emelyan Pugachev.
  • 55. Publication in Russia: the main stages and directions, place and role in the social movement of Russia in the 2nd half of the 19th century.
  • Conservative direction
  • Liberal revolutionary direction
  • Socio-revolutionary direction
  • Anarchist direction
  • 56. Essence and forms of historical knowledge
  • 7. Alexander Nevsky - a warlord and statesman.

    Russian State Affairs, Commander, Prince Novgorodsky (1236-51), Grand Duke Vladimirsky from 1252, son of Prince Yaroslav Vsevolodovich.

    He headed Russian troops, stood up the northwestern lands of Russia from capturing Swedish and German feudals. After disembarking the Swedish knights when the Izhora River is shifted in R.neva, Alexander Nevsky with a small squad, connecting with Ladodians, 15240 suddenly attacked the Swedes and completely defeated their numerous army, finding exceptional courage in battle.

    In the Nevskaya battle of 1240, Alexander Nevsky won a major victory, which lost their losses. The threat of enemy invasion from the north was prevented. For this battle, the people nicked him "Nevsky".

    This victory, increasing the political influence of Alexander Nevsky, at the same time contributed to the exacerbation of his relationship with a boyars, as a result of clashes with whom Alexander was forced to leave Novgorod. However, after the invasion of Livonian knights, the Novgorod residents sent to Alexander a delegation, in spring 1241. Alexander Nevsky returned and quickly created a strong army, stealing invaders from Russian cities (storming of Covenia and Pskov - an example of high military art of mastering fortresses).

    Against Alexander Nevsky made a big horse army led by Master of the Order, the victims of a decisive defeat on April 5, 1242 on the Ice of the Church of the Lake (Ice Bare).

    The victory in this battle put Alexander in a number of the largest military leaders.

    The aggression of German knights on Russia was stopped. Alexander Nevsky continued to strengthen the northwestern borders of Russia: the parcel of the embassy to Norway, which was the result of which was the first peace agreement between Russia and Norway (1251), a successful trip to Finland against the Swedes who made a new attempt to close the Russians to the Baltic Sea (1256).

    Alexander showed himself a cautious and far-sighted politician. He strongly rejected the attempts of Panish Kuria to cause Rus War with the Golden Horde, because I understood the unsuccessfulness of the war with the Tatars at the time.

    Alexander Nevsky's skillful policy contributed to the prevention of the ruinous invasions of the Tatar on Russia. I traveled several times in the Horde, I achieved the liberation of Russians from the obligation to perform the army on the side of Tatar khans in their wars with other peoples.

    Under Alexander Nevsky began the ousting of the agents of the Hannai power in Russia and the transfer of their functions to the Great Prince. Alexander made a lot of effort to strengthen the grandeur in the country to the detriment of the influence of the boyars, at the same time strongly suppressed anti-refortion speeches (uprising in Novgorod 1259).

    He died in the city, returning from the Golden Horde. By order of Petrai, the remains of Alexander Nevsky were transported to St. Petersburg. In pre-revolutionary Russia, on May 21, 1725, the Order of Alexander Nevsky was established. 29 Iyulya 1942 V. The honor of Alexander Nevsky was established by the Soviet Military Order of Alexander Nevsky.

    8. The invasion of Mongol-Tatars into Russian lands in the 18th century. Relationship between Russia and Horde.

    In 1243, Great Han made the elders among Russian princes Yaroslav Vsevolodovich Vladimirsky. After his death in 1246, the struggle for the Vladimir table began, in which the Ordans intervened, who ruined the Suzdal Earth. In Vladimir, Sela Alexander Nevsky. For political purposes, he helped Horde to lay Rus Tan. In 1262, in the Suzdal Earth, the uprisings against the Tatars broke out, but Alexander convinced Khan not to smash the rebellious cities. In 1263 he died. Later, Tatars have repeatedly attacked Russia, interfering in the princes. At this time, Tver and Moscow was raised, with Daniel Alexandrovich, which became independent principalities. Soon the struggle for the Vladimir table between Yuri Danilovich Moscow and Mikhail Yaroslavich Tversky began. Horde intervened in the dispute. In 1327, Tver rebelled against Tatars. In the defeat of the uprising, Ivan Kalita participated, the prince of Moscow, who received Vladimir Prince and the right to collect Dani from the Russian lands. He acquired a number of land (Belozero, Uglich, Galich Merry). Metropolitan moved to Moscow to Moscow, which increased its influence. In Dmitry Ivanovich (1359-1389), Moscow began to foster Tver, Nizhny Novgorod, Ryazan. In the 1370s. The ruler of the mother of Mamay decided to weaken Moscow, but in 1378 the Tatars were divided into r. Now, and in 1380, Dmitry Donskoy and other princes were smashed by Mama on the Kuliki field. However, Khan Tukhtamysh ruined Moscow in 1382 and returned it under the power of Horde. After the defeat of the Horde of Timur in 1395. Vasily I (1389-1425) did not pay her Dani for several years. In 1408, the ruler of Horde, the union again besieged Moscow, did not take it, but terribly ruined the surrounding cities. Tatars power strengthened. In 1425-1462 The Moscow Principality was a feudal war - the struggle of Vasily II against Uncle Yuri and his sons of Basil and Dmitry Shemya-ki. In the course of it were blinded in 1436. Vasily Kosoya, in 1446 Vasily II ("Dark"), and Shemyaka in 1452 poisoned, Vasily II won.

    Introduction 2 1. Alexander at the head of state 3 2. Alexander Nevsky as a warlord 10 Conclusion 23 List of used literature 25

    Introduction

    Alexander Nevsky (1220-1263) is an outstanding statesman and commander of ancient Russia, Novgorod Prince (1236-1251), Grand Duke Vladimir (1252-1263). Son of the Grand Duke Kiev Yaroslav Vsevolodovich. One of the most beloved national heroes of the Russian people. The editorial art of Alexander Nevsky entered the Golden Foundation of the History of Russian and World Martial Arts. The largest military leader of his time, Alexander Nevsky creatively used the established methods of conducting hostilities, sought to surprise and decisiveness in the attack, took into account the peculiarities of the terrain and time of year, the strengths and weaknesses of their and enemy troops, robbed the enemy in parts, secured military and political successes. Alexander Yaroslavich showed himself not only as a great commander, but also as a far-sighted politician and diplomat. In 1251, he concluded a peace treaty with Norway, finally strengthening the North-Western borders of Russia. Weighted politics conducted against Mongols, especially after he became the Grand Duke Vladimir, it was sought to avoid conflicts, just in case, to protect the rear in the fight against German knights, always ready to impose a war on two fronts. The purpose of this work is to study the history of Russia of the period of Alexander Nevsky. Tasks of work: - Rate Alexander as a statesman; - Consider military achievements A. Nevsky.

    Conclusion

    The editorial art of Alexander Nevsky entered the Golden Foundation of the History of Russian and World Martial Arts. The largest military leader of his time, Alexander Nevsky creatively used the established methods of conducting hostilities, sought to surprise and decisiveness in the attack, took into account the peculiarities of the terrain and time of year, the strengths and weaknesses of their and enemy troops, robbed the enemy in parts, secured military and political successes. Alexander Yaroslavich showed himself not only as a great commander, but also as a far-sighted politician and diplomat. In 1251, he concluded a peace treaty with Norway, finally strengthening the North-Western borders of Russia. Alexander Nevsky - Great Communion, who was able to combine the military experience accumulated by previous generations, add a new one, painted from the largest victories (Nevskaya Battle and Ice Battle), and create Russian military artglorified to the whole of Europe, and not only, show what the mighty Russian spirit is capable. Weighted politics conducted against Mongols, especially after he became the Grand Duke Vladimir, it was sought to avoid conflicts, just in case, to protect the rear in the fight against German knights, always ready to impose a war on two fronts. Alexander Nevsky - The Great Communion, who was able to unite the military experience gained by previous generations, add a new one, painted from the largest victories (Nevskaya Battle and Ice Battle), and create Russian military art, famous for the whole of Europe, and not only to show What is capable of mighty Russian spirit. Alexander Nevsky is a great political figure of a medieval type, which put the interests of the state above their personal interests and interests of individual segments of the population and because of this, a lot of it was a great ruler, in the hardest and seemingly hopeless time provided the country for ten years of peaceful life. Alexander Nevsky is a great political figure of a medieval type, which put the interests of the state above their personal interests and interests of individual segments of the population and because of this, a lot of it was a great ruler, in the hardest and seemingly hopeless time provided the country for ten years of peaceful life. During the Great Patriotic War The image of Alexander Nevsky was encouraging for many fighters. The Order of Alexander Nevsky was established, who was awarded commanders who managed to solve large combat missions with a small force. Once the Government of St. Petersburg held a competition for the best memorial dedicated to the Nevsky Battle. It turned out that this theme feathers worries many artists - work was presented almost thirty. The amazing association "Nevskaya Battle" was born, whose activities were aimed at restoring the memorials of the Nevsky Battle, such as the Church in honor of the St. Burd and Grand Duke Alexander Nevsky, which was previously located in the territory of the Nevsky battle. I note that the church was destroyed during the Great Patriotic War, and before her, on the site of the Nevsky battle, there was always a small wooden temple, which consolidated the memory of Russian people about this battle. The temple was repeatedly died with an enemy and repeatedly erected again.

    List of references

    1. Zuev, M. N. History of Russia: uch. Manual / M. N. Zuev. - M., 2011. - 479 p. 2. The history of Russia. IX-XX centuries: Textbook / Ed. G. A. Ammon, N. P. Ionicheva. - M., 2006. - 740 p. 3. Kirillov, V. V. History of Russia: uch. Manual / V. V. Kirillov. - M., 2011. - 640 p. 4. Munchaev, S.M. History of Russia: / S.M. Munchaev, V.M. Ustinov. - M.: Science, 2009. - 520 С 5. Potaturov, V. A. History of Russia / V. A. Potaturov, G. V. Tugusova, M. Gurina. - M., 2002. - 720 p. 6. Runners Yu.K. Chronicle of the life and activities of Alexander Nevsky // Prince Alexander Nevsky and his era. St. Petersburg., 1995. P. 206-209 7. Pashutu V.T. Alexander Nevsky // Zhzl. M., 1974. P. 10 8. Kuchkin V.A. To the biography of Alexander Nevsky // Ancient states in the territory of the USSR. 1985. M., 1986. P. 71-80